Week-1.pdf

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) -Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) -Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and...

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) -Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) -Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and energy flow. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) -Identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties. The creation of Earth was a result of the creation of the Solar System. As time went on, the geologic processes that shaped the planet enabled life to begin. PAGE 24 Much like the universe, Earth also has its own creation theory. A story that was created through the study of the diverse life that walked and lived throughout Earth’s history. It underwent evolutionary processes that can be described in terms of geologic time. PAGE 24 KOREAN MYTH 한국 신화 (hangug sinhwa) The most interesting Korean myth to learn would be the creation of the world. A topic that all of us have thought about at some point in our lives. KOREAN MYTH 한국 신화 (hangug sinhwa) The creation myth or the founding myth states that the people on Earth didn’t even exist at the start. “Yul- Ryeo,” a divinity, and “Mago,” a goddess, arose. Yul-Ryeo then passed away. KOREAN MYTH 한국 신화 (hangug sinhwa) Gung-hee and So-hee are two deities that were born from Mago. They gave birth to two angelic men and two angelic women. Yul-Ryeo is resurrected just after the arrival of the Celestial People, and by her rebirth, the paradise and the Earth were formed, along with water, fire, and the “ki” (soul). Those components eventually created herbs, birds, plants, and animals. KOREAN MYTH 한국 신화 (hangug sinhwa) The Celestial People governed all living creatures from their celestial castle, called ‘Magoseong,’ in honor of the deity. Mago opted to remain with Yul-Ryeo, whose entire body has become the Earth. CREATION CREATION Is a symbolic narrative of the beginning of the world as understood by a culture. These are handed down from generation to generation through oral traditions such as stories, poems and songs, and works of art, among others. THEORIES Alexander Friedman Georges Lamaitre  BIG BANG FORMATION OF THE UNIVERSE FORMATION OF THE BASIC ELEMENTS PERIOD OF RADIATION PERIOD OF MATTER DOMINATION STARS AND GALAXIES DESCRATES’ VORTEX THEORY Rene Descartes (1596-1650), a French mathematician and physicist, was one of the first proponents of a model on the origin of the Solar System.  According to his model, the Solar System was formed into bodies with nearly circular orbits because of the whirlpool-like motion in the pre-solar materials. He explained the orbits of the planets are the primary whirlpool motion and the satellites the secondary whirlpool motion. BUFFON’S COLLISION THEORY George Louis, Comte de Buffon (1707-1788) is a French naturalist in the eighteenth century who proposed that the planets were formed by the collision of the sun with a giant comet.  The resulting debris formed into planets that rotate in the same direction as they revolved around the sun.  Descartes KANT-LAPLACE NEBULAR THEORY Based on the ideas of Immanuel Kant Descartes, Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), and Pierre Simon Laplace (1749-1827) proposed the nebular theory Pierre Simon Laplace  Descartes KANT-LAPLACE NEBULAR THEORY Which suggested that a great Immanuel Kant cloud of gas and dust, called NEBULA, begins to collapse because of gravitational pull. As the cloud contracted, it spun more rapidly. Pierre Simon Laplace  The spinning cloud flattens into a pancake-shaped object with a bulge at the center. As the nebula collapses further, local regions contract on their own due to gravity. These local regions became the sun and the planets.  James Hopwood Jeans JEANS-JEFFREY’S TIDAL THEORY Sir James Hopwood Jeans (1877- 1946), a British mathematician and astrophysicist, and Harold Jefrreys (1891-1989), suggested a dualistic theory in which the sun Harold Jeffrey and planets were produced by different mechanism.  James Hopwood Jeans JEANS-JEFFREY’S TIDAL THEORY Their theory is known as tidal theory. Harold Jeffrey James Hopwood Jeans The tidal theory proposed that the Harold Jeffrey planets were formed from the substance that was torn out of the sun. James Hopwood Jeans As a speeding massive star passed near Harold Jeffrey the sun, it pulled off material due to gravitational attraction. James Hopwood Jeans The torn-off material subsequently Harold Jeffrey condensed to form the planets.  SOLAR NEBULAR THEORY Swedish philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg in 1734 proposed that the planets formed out of a nebular crust that had surrounded the Sun and then broken apart Emanuel Swedenborg 1. Nebula is an interstellar cloud made up of gas and dust.  2. Contraction in the dense region of an interstellar gas and dust cloud forms a protostar or protosun.  3. Accretion of solar nebula forms planetesimals that will later coalesce with other objects to form protoplanets.  4. The Solar System is composed of large gas giants and rocky-icy planets. EARTH’S FORMATION and Layers  Through the process of accretion, different types of planets are formed-from small terrestrial planets to large Jovian planets.  CRUST is made up mostly light elements such as silicon, oxygen, and aluminum. MANTLE is consisting of rocks. CORE is composed of dense metals like nickel and iron.  INNER CORE OUTER CORE -Iron and Nickel -Iron and Nickel -Magnetic -Magnetic -Solid -Liquid -1250km -2300km -Cause of Earth’s magnetic field  LOWER/MIDDLE UPPER MANTLE -Asthenosphere -Lithosphere -Soft/Magma -Rigid/Solid -Exhibits -Moho boundary “plasticity” -660km -Convection Currents -2240km  Oceanic Crust Continental Crust -Dark-colored -Light-colored -Rock Sample: -Rock Sample: Basalt Granite -More Dense -Less Dense -Thin Layer -Coarse-texture -50km -Thick Layer -40-70km LITHOSPHERE LITHOSPHERE ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERE -Only two gaseous elements made up of 99% of Earth’s atmosphere. These are nitrogen and oxygen. ATMOSPHERE C O M P O S I T I O N O F AT M O S P H E R E Nitrogen N 78% Oxygen O 21% Argon Ar 0.09% Carbon CO 0.03% dioxide Others Ne, He, 0.88% CH4, Kr and H2 HYDROSPHERE HYDROSPHERE HYDROSPHERE HYDROSPHERE  This organization is sometimes called hierarchy of life or the pyramid of life.