Agrarian Reform in the Philippines PDF

READINGS IN Philippine History WEEK 11 AGRARIA REFOR N M IN THE PHILIPPINES  AGRARIAN WHAT IS CONDITION IN DAR? THE AGRARIAN PHILIPPINES REFORM IN THE HISTORY OF LAND REFORMS PHILIPPI...

READINGS IN Philippine History WEEK 11 AGRARIA REFOR N M IN THE PHILIPPINES  AGRARIAN WHAT IS CONDITION IN DAR? THE AGRARIAN PHILIPPINES REFORM IN THE HISTORY OF LAND REFORMS PHILIPPINES AGRARIAN OF DIFFERENT REFORM IN THE PRESIDENTS R.A. NO. PHILIPPINES 6657  WHAT IS THE ROLE OF FARMERS IN OUR  LAND AGRARIAN REFORM in the Philippines it is a REFORM is defined as the rectification process of of the whole system of agriculture. redistributing land is concerned with the relation from the landlords to between production and tenants-farmers in distribution of land among order that they will be farmers. given a chance to own The processing of raw a piece of land to materials that are produced improve their plight. by farming the land from the respective industries.  AGRARIAN CONDITION For a long period of time, the agrarian system of Philippines was being controlled by the large landlords. The small farmers in the Philippines were struggling for their rights to land and other natural resources.  AGRARIAN CONDITION The implementation of Agrarian reforms proceed at a very slow pace. This was due to the lack of political will. The redistribution of land was also very slow.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM It is a 100-year history of unfinished reforms after the colonizers invaded the country. During the pre-colonial period, there were no owner - cultivators only / commonal HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the SPANIARDS, they implemented: 1. Encomienda - Royal Land Grants 2.Maura Decree - 1 year for title 3.Unrecognized of local customs. 4.Establishments of pueblos 5.Mortgage (pagsasangla)  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the AMERICANS, they implemented: 1.Philippine Bill 1902 – set the ceiling on the hectares of private individuals and corporations may acquire; 16 has. For private individuals and 1, 024 has. for corporations.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN During REFORM the AMERICANS, they implemented: 2. Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496) - Provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the TORRENS SYSTEM.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN During REFORM the AMERICANS, they implemented: 4. Cadastal Act – survey of land 5. Friars Land 1904 – lease and sale 6. Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act. No. 4054 & 4113) - regulated realtionships between landowners and tenants of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands. HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM Japanese occupation in the Philippines 1.HUKBALAHAP controlled the whole Central Luzon. 2.Peasants earned fixed rental of land. 3.Peasants armed themselves and were against the Japanese.  LAND REFORMS OF DIFFERENT PRESIDENTS MANUEL A. ROXAS policy on land  reform R.A. No. 34 (Tenant Act) - 70 – 30 percent to landlord- tenants and regulated shared.  R.A. No. 55 – Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants.  RAMON MAGSAYSAY policy on land  R.A. No. 1160 of 1954 – establishment of reformand Rehabilitation National Resettlement Administration (NARRA)  R.A. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) – distribution of rice and corn lands over 200 hectares for farmers and 600 for corporations.  R.A. 821 (Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration)  DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL policy on land reform R.A. No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land Reform Code)  distribution of private lands to farmers on easy term of payment.  FERDINAND E. MARCOS policy on land reform R.A. 6390 – Agrarian Reform Special Fund Act – finance the agrarian reform programs. Tenant Emancipation Act – operational land transfer  CORAZON C. AQUINO policy on land On June 10, 1988, signed into law the reform Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL). The law became effective on June 15, 1988.  Corazon C. Aquino Republic Act No. 6657, June 10, 1988 (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law) - An act which became effective June 15, 1988 and instituted a comprehensive agrarian reform program to promote social justice and industrialization providing the mechanism for its implementation and for other purposes. This law is still  Corazon C. Aquino Executive Order No. 229, July 22, 1987 - Provided mechanism for the implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).  Corazon C. Aquino Proclamation No. 131, July 22, 1987 - Instituted the CARP as a major program of the government. It provided for a special fund known as the Agrarian Reform Fund (ARF), with an initial amount of Php50 billion to cover the estimated cost of the program from 1987-1992.  Corazon C. Aquino Executive Order No. 405, June 14, 1990 – Vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines the responsibility to determine land valuation and compensation for all lands covered by CARP.  ISSUES IN AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES 1. Land Distribution Challenges 2. Lack of Support Services for Farmers 3. Inadequate Policy Implementation and Monitoring 4. Problems with Land Conversion and Urbanization 5. Political Interference and Corruption