Water Resources with Climate Change - New Paradigm for Management PDF

Water Resources with Climate Change New Paradigm for Management NWA Dr. B. Ravi Kumar April 01, 2022 Pillai  2 Climate Change Impact Water as stochastic resource  Extreme events  Higher frequency  Increased Challenge...

Water Resources with Climate Change New Paradigm for Management NWA Dr. B. Ravi Kumar April 01, 2022 Pillai  2 Climate Change Impact Water as stochastic resource  Extreme events  Higher frequency  Increased Challenge of Deficit By 2100, mean & Surplus Management temp. rise by 4 C 0  High farm stress  Irrigation will become essential for Agriculture Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  3 Climate Change Impact – Contd. Sea-level rise of 1m by year 2100  Higher land stress  Rise in flood levels  High GW salinity  Shifts in brackish water extent Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 ‘Solution’- in 4 Deficit & Surplus Management realization of Problem ! Solutions relate to ‘land Increasing size of the use’ and Problem: Water Resource ‘water use’, Problem Domain Supply Demand calling for Mgmt Deficit Mgmt Mgmt. integrated Dev. & Mgmt. Surface Reservoir Retentio action two sides of n Surplus Mgmt. Operation same Population  No coin Land Use ! Water Use compartments  of sources, River basin or as Integrated Water Resource uses ‘planning unit’ Development & Management (IWRDM) Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 ‘Solution’- 5 in realization of Problem – Contd. 3 Key points... Hydrological System - interconnected elements forming unified whole:  Changing one part affect other  parts Evolved over geological time (4,6 billion yrs) Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  6 Fall in  Loss of wetted area Max. GWT  Less surface Sustainable retention Solution :  Less percolation Examples ! Catchment area:  Slope levelling  Fragmentation of land/ B. walls  Pavement of ground surface  Encroachment of water bodies  Destruction of natural drains  Loss of green field Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  7 Sustainable Solution : Examples – Cycle Foot- path Road Contd. track Drain Drainage Drain Inlet network:  Conventional: o Smaller sections o Concrete lined o Covered top o Clogged inlets o Infrequent  utility Progressive drain Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  8 Sustainable Solution : Examples – Contd. River:  Flood Plains o Encroachment o Obstructions o Covered  banks Progressive use of flood plains  Dam operations  Controlled flooding Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 Other 9 Save 1/3rd urban land Opportunitie Save water, improve s productivity Save power, improve flood cushion Leverage the technological developments  Transport Improve planning & Service  Micro Irrigation Emergency response  Solar Improve design & Power Understanding of system  Remote sensing response  Math. modelling Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  10 Way Ahead – Contd. Shift focus form population-  TFR (India) has growth driven  TFR for improved from 3.2 stabilization (2000) to 2.3 development to (2016) to 2.1 of population: Climate-change 2.1 (2021) driven development More space  TFR (Kerala): 1.8 be given for  Barring 5 States, ecological & TFR reached environment replacement levels al development Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022  11 Way Ahead – Contd. Reforms in Water Resource Sector Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 1. Revamping the Basic Algorithm 4-Folds of Broad Revamping State level River Basin-part planning level planning Varied land Integrated and water watershed related development interventions Compartmenta Area approach for l-ization of combined sources sources and & sum-total of uses uses An algorithm Water supply is the step by Water demand step method driven driven development of solving a development problem Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 12 2. Creating Area-based Data System Deman d Suppl Mgmt. y Data Mgmt Data System. Data Geared for: Surplu s Mgmt. Data 1.Watershe 2.Integrati ds as on of Aggregated Data Building different from Watershed Blocks Sources Levels up to Basin-part of the State 4.Coordina 3.Integrati ted ‘Development’ on of developme & different nt of Land ‘Management’ Uses & Water are Coupled Actions Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 13 3. State Level Institutional Restructuring 3-Tier State Institutional Arrangement Water Water Water Transmis Reserves Utilities sion Company Company Company (WRC) (WUC) (WTC) Aligning with Critical Organizational Malfunctions Objectives in State Financial Institutions Sustainability Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 14 4. Integrated River Basin Evaluation Part Basin-1A State-A Basin-1 Domain Data Data Variables for 1A Sub-domain Data CIs of different basin-parts Performance area Indices (PI-1A) can be Three Levels of Indices aggregated... enabling Core area Indices (CI-1A) ‘State-wide’ as well as ‘Basin-wide’ Basin area Index (BI-1A) evaluation Figure Dr.B R K I: Schem Pillai/ aticApril NWA/ Presentation 01, 2022 of River Basin Index 15 Framework 4. Integrated River Basin Evaluation Drinking Irrigation Investment Industrial Objectives Other Project Economic Efficiency Social Sector Safety Env. Sector Coverage Operation Participatory Social Health Ground water Health Management River Water Pollution Health Abatement Other Water- Water bodies Education Health Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 16  … Finally Dynamics of 4S Stakeholder Relationship Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 17  State 1. … Basin Finally Correctne Holistic & System-wide ss of Part Correction Process Why Water- shed 4. 2. Monitorin g Map of Quality What Output of Inputs Country How 3. Zone of Reforms Functional Competen cy Thanks Dr.B R K Pillai/ NWA/ April 01, 2022 18 Nation-wide Reforms