Sumner County Sheriff's Office Volunteer Familiarization Training 2023 PDF

Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail NON FACILITY SUPPORT STAFF 2023 117 W. Smith Street, Gallatin, TN 37066 (615) 452-2616 Sumner County Jail Sumner County Sheriff's Office Meet our Command Staff Eric Craddock Chief Deputy Jerry Scott Jail Administrator What is the Difference...

Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail NON FACILITY SUPPORT STAFF 2023 117 W. Smith Street, Gallatin, TN 37066 (615) 452-2616 Sumner County Jail Sumner County Sheriff's Office Meet our Command Staff Eric Craddock Chief Deputy Jerry Scott Jail Administrator What is the Difference between JAIL and PRISON? ➢ A PRISON is a secure facility that houses inmates convicted of FELONIES and are serving a sentence of 1 year or more. ➢ Prisons are operated by State and Federal Governments. ➢ A JAIL is a secure facility operated by a County or City Government that houses three types of inmates: ○ Those who have been arrested and are being held pending a plea agreement, trial or sentencing. ○ Those who have been convicted of a misdemeanor criminal offense and are serving a sentence of (typically) less than 1 year; and ○ Those who have been sentenced to prison and are waiting to be transferred to another facility. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Volunteers Volunteers are vital to the safe operation of the Sumner County Jail. Constraints on funding and staff resources often make it difficult to provide quality educational, counseling, and rehabilitative programming to our inmate/detainee population; but through the efforts and support of the community and volunteers, we are able to provide these vital services. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Law and Order Jails are totalitarian communities; places where people are held against their will and forced to live with their controllers and people who they may or may not get along with. Freedom of speech, choice, and movement are heavily restricted. They are self contained communities where one is told when to wake, when to sleep, what to eat, what to wear, and what is acceptable behavior. Therefore, policies are strict so that correctional officials can maintain a safe, orderly, and secure environment. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Partnership The Sumner County Sheriff’s Office is committed to working with volunteers to make use of their talents and resources in order to enhance our programs and services in an attempt to reduce the likelihood of inmates reoffending and returning to jail. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail Overview The Sumner County Jail is certified by the Tennessee Corrections Institute to house 956 pre-trial and post conviction misdemeanor and felony, male and female offenders. The jail is located in the Sumner County seat of Gallatin, Tennessee. People are committed to the Sumner County Jail in accordance with the laws of the State of Tennessee for criminal acts ranging from misdemeanor driving offenses up to homicides. The jail staff have no legal authority to release anyone without proper orders from the court. The Sumner County Jail operates on the principal that both the individual inmate and the jail staff share the responsibility for creating a safe and orderly jail setting. The Sumner County Jail is a Tobacco-Free Facility. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Responsibility The Sheriff and his staff are the only persons responsible for and authorized to operate and control the jail. They will strive to act fairly and humanely, according to law. The Sheriff has established rules and regulations, policies and procedures to guide the jail. Only the jail staff have the authority and responsibility to impose and enforce these rules. The rules may seem strict at times, however, they are made to ensure the jail is run safely, securely and fairly. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail Overview The jail is a 6 story tower building, 1 new 2 story tower, a court holding area, the old jail (3 cell blocks), the receiving, booking, and classification area, Sergeant’s desk, visitation, medical unit, kitchen, and administrative offices. Each tower consists of 2 floors with 4 pods that house 64 inmates each, and 2 recreation yards. The Control room is placed in the middle on the top floor of each tower with full one way windows providing observation of the pods and is the control center for the Tower’s doors, lights, and inmate telephones. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail Overview Tower 1 - (1st and 2nd floors) has 3 full pods and 2 half sized medical pods (One lockdown pod for male juveniles charged as adults, one for the male inmates with medical issues). One of the full sized pods house female inmates in quarantine or on lockdown. The second full sized pod houses special needs males. The third full size pod houses male inmates on administrative segregation. Tower 2 – (3rd and 4th floors) has 2 general population pods and 2 classification pods for male inmates (2C and 2D). Each is capable of housing 64 inmates. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail Overview Tower 3 – (5th and 6th floors) has 3 general population felony pods (capable of housing 64 inmates each) and one pod reserved for male weekenders. Tower 4 - Has 2 pods that can house up to 62 inmates in each pod. Female trustees and female general population inmates are housed in Tower 4. The control room for this tower is on the second floor. There is a recreation yard and some conference rooms in this tower. The old jail has two cell blocks for trustees and work release inmates and a third for the Homeward Bound program males. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sumner County Jail Overview The medical unit has 2 cells. One cell can hold up to four people and the other cell can hold up to three people. This unit is manned 24 hours a day 7 days a week by contract inmate health care providers. The kitchen is manned by 1 kitchen supervisor per shift, who supervises the male trustees who prepare approximately 2400-2700 trays over 3 meal times each day. The Administrative area houses the offices of the Jail Administrator and Assistant Jail Administrator, Administrative Assistant, Staff break room, and restrooms. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Jail Command Structure The Corrections officers are the first line of inmate supervision and are in constant contact with the inmates, the public, contract employees, and volunteers. Each shift has approximately 30 corrections officers assigned. Each shift has a supervisory staff consisting of two Sergeants and one Lieutenant. These supervisors are responsible for the day to day operations of the jail and supervision of the corrections officers. The Jail Administrator and Assistant Jail Administrator are responsible for the management of the jail, jail programs, budget, maintenance, and are the next line in supervision over the Jail Lieutenants. The final level is the Chief Deputy and Sheriff. The Sheriff has the ultimate responsibility and final say regarding all Sheriff’s Office Operations including the Jail. Sumner County Sheriff's Office V O L U N T E E R P O L I C y Sumner County Sheriff's Office Dress Code ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Dress appropriately. You should avoid anything tight fitting, or anything revealing. Please wear a collared shirt. This presents a professional appearance. No t-shirts, light colored, or thin shirts. Loose fitting jeans, slacks, or knee length skirts (women) are acceptable. No shorts or sweatpants. No open toe shoes or sandals. Flat shoes are recommended. Do not leave civilian clothing in the pods. Do not take any clothing off or leave it laying unattended. No hoods or hats are permitted. Try to avoid wearing thick winter clothing as it could be very warm in the pods. Leave money, phones, knives, tobacco products, purses, etc. in your vehicle. Carry your ID at all times. Your car keys may be checked at the visitors desk or the jail sergeant’s desk. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Volunteer Conduct If you are in possession of or under the influence of an alcoholic beverage, drugs, or narcotics you will not be allowed to enter the facility and may be banned from future activities in the jail. You may wear wedding bands, small earrings, and watches. No photographs may be taken inside the jail unless approved, in advance, by the Jail Administrator or his designee. All persons entering the Sumner County Jail and their possessions are subject to search. Anyone who refuses to comply with search procedures will be asked to leave and may be barred from future activities within the jail. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Volunteer Conduct DO NOT BRING INTO THE JAIL! ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Weapons of any kind Drugs (illegal or prescription) Personal Pepper Spray Personal Tasers Scissors Anything made of glass You could be charged with a Money crime! Food items for Inmates Tobacco of any kind (cigarettes, vapes, pouches, chewing tobacco, etc.) Cellular Phones, charging cords, or tablets Alcohol Any other prohibited items. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Code Of Ethics Definition of ethics: Moral principles concerning acceptable and unacceptable behavior by an organization and it’s employees. Professionals should maintain a high sense of values and conduct, honest and fair practices with the public, private agencies, and inmates. It is unethical to have any relationship, other than professional, with an inmate. Sexual relations with inmates is prohibited! Sumner County Sheriff's Office Conduct with INMATES / DETAINEES In addition to state and federal laws, and the rules and regulations for volunteers and visitors, the following regulations are to be observed for your safety: ➢ Volunteers are not authorized to do personal favors or run errands for any inmate. Notify a jail supervisor immediately if you have been asked to do personal favors. ➢ Volunteers will not discuss staff, other inmates or jail issues with inmates, staff, or others. This does not mean you cannot have light conversations about issues, but you should not focus on them or provide advice or personal views about them. ➢ Volunteers will not converse with inmates about their personal lives. They have no need to know. That information is not pertinent to what you are here for. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Conduct with INMATES / DETAINEES ➢ Respect the confidentiality of the inmates. They are legally guaranteed their privacy. ➢ Take nothing, including letters, into or out of the facility unless with prior explicit permission from the Jail Administrator or his designee. ➢ Leave nothing in the institution for the use of inmates or groups without explicit permission from the Jail Administrator or his designee, even if permission was granted to bring it in. Pertinent course materials are allowable. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Conduct with INMATES / DETAINEES ➢ Volunteers are not allowed to handle jail keys . If you have a need to enter a locked area, contact a jail supervisor or corrections officer for assistance. ➢ The SCJ staff are employed to provide for the safety and well being of the inmates, volunteers, other employees and the general public. You are required to cooperate fully with correctional staff while present on the grounds of SCJ. ➢ Don’t bring food into the jail without prior authorization from the Jail Administrator. ➢ Volunteers are not allowed to visit individual inmates without prior written authorization. ➢ The donation of money to individual inmates is prohibited without authorization. Sumner County Sheriff's Office General Info ➢ You are only allowed to be in the facility or on facility grounds during your scheduled service. ➢ Go only to your scheduled service location. ➢ Do not argue with the Correctional Staff. You must follow all directives regarding jail rules at all times. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Personal Information Inmates will try everything in their power to gain personal information about you. You must remember that they are not doing this to be friendly; they are doing it to gain information that they can use to manipulate you with. Do not discuss personal information with inmates or in the jail hallways where inmates might be able to hear you. Simply put: “KEEP YOUR PRIVATE INFORMATION PRIVATE” Sumner County Sheriff's Office Safety / Security Emergency Procedures If an Emergency (Fight, Fire Alarm, Medical Emergency, etc.) occurs while you are in a pod, you must immediately EXIT THE POD, if you can safely do so, and report to the main floor hallway and stand against the wall next to the door. Ensure that you stand clear of the main doors as they open. Staff responding to an incident will come through the doors very quickly and will need to be able to identify you quickly. IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY: Officers will give you instructions. It is required and imperative that you follow these instructions promptly. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Emergency Plans and Procedures If you are at SCJ: ➢ Fire emergency exit plans are posted throughout the building. ➢ Fire extinguishers are located throughout the building. ➢ In the event of a tornado or any other natural disaster, a supervisor or corrections officer will escort you to the appropriate shelter area. ➢ In the event of a hostage situation, a supervisor or corrections officer will escort you to the appropriate area. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Emergency Plans Emergency exit routes are posted on each tower hallway and in each pod. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Emergency Plans Exit Routes located above the doors Sumner County Sheriff's Office Contraband Contraband is defined, in the SCJ inmate rulebook, as any item that is not included on the allowable items list, which is officially determined by the jail administration. Authorized items may be considered contraband when found to be possessed in quantities greater than allowed, altered, or deemed necessary. Allowable items are to be purchased from the commissary. Items are typically not allowed to be dropped off at visitation or anywhere else for delivery to the inmates. Sumner County Sheriff's Office TN Code : TCA 39-16-201 (a) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, “telecommunication device” means any type of instrument, device, machine, or equipment that is capable of transmitting telephonic, electronic, digital, cellular or radio communications, or any part of such instrument, device, machine or equipment that is capable of facilitating the transmission of telephonic, electronic, digital, cellular or radio communications. “Telecommunication device” shall include, but not be limited to, cellular phones, digital phones and modem equipment devices. (b) It is unlawful for any person to: (1) Knowingly and with unlawful intent take, send, or otherwise cause to be taken into any penal institution where prisoners are quartered or under custodial supervision: (A) Any weapon, ammunition, or explosive; (B) Any intoxicant, legend drug, controlled substance, or controlled substance (C) Any telecommunication device; or (2) Knowingly and with unlawful intent possess any of the following materials: (A) Any weapon, ammunition, or explosive; or Sumner County Sheriff's Office (B) Any intoxicant, legend drug, controlled substance, or controlled substance Felonies Safety and Security Security of the Sumner County Jail is our top priority. In order to maintain appropriate security measures, the following items are prohibited in this facility. ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Weapons (guns, knives, razors, etc.) Personal Pepper Spray Personal or non-departmental cell phones Cameras Drugs (prescription or non-prescription) Tobacco and Alcohol products Contraband (items not necessary to perform job duties) *Vehicles transporting inmates are subject to search at our discretion. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rules and Security ➢ Tools and equipment used by inmates must always be accounted for. ➢ If an inmate attempts to conceal contraband, weapons, etc., SCJ must be notified immediately. ➢ Inmates are never allowed to drive any motorized vehicle. ➢ Inmates must wear their issued uniforms at all times. ➢ Inmates will be assigned to work or programs by SCJ administration. ➢ Requests for specific inmates by organizations are strictly forbidden. (Should an organization need skilled labor, they should submit a request specifying the skills needed.) Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rules and Security ➢ If an inmate becomes non-compliant, violent or agitated, SCJ must be notified immediately. ➢ (Never attempt to control a non-compliant, violent or agitated inmate. Notify SCJ immediately and a supervisor or officer will be dispatched to the scene.) ➢ All inmates must be trained on safe and appropriate use for all tools or equipment. ➢ Physical contact with the inmates is prohibited. ➢ No inmate will be used for personal use or gain. If an inmate is injured while on work detail or other event, the work supervisor shall report the injury immediately to SCJ. Any injury requiring emergency care, or a life threatening injury, should receive emergency care, ambulance, taken to E.R., etc. Any injury considered a non-emergency, you should contact SCJ for instructions. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rules and Security If transporting inmates: ➢ All traffic laws must be followed. ➢ Inmates must be transported in enclosed vehicles, and are not permitted in the back of trucks, etc. ➢ Inmates are not permitted to use telephones while at work, in a program or on a medical visit. ➢ Inmates are not permitted to have visitors while at work, in a program or on a medical visit. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rules and Security ➢ No one is allowed to drop off any items for the inmates. ➢ Inmates are not permitted to be taken to their homes or any other location other than authorized work or medical care locations. ➢ Inmates are not permitted in stores, markets or any other privately owned property at any time. ➢ No inmate should be permitted to perform any hazardous duties. If you have any questions about a job being a possible hazard, contact the Sumner County Jail Captain or Jail Administrator. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates Persons responsible for supervising inmate labor shall be trained in facility rules and regulations prior to being authorized to sign out inmates. A copy of this training will be on file at the facility. All work crew and program supervisors will maintain a continuous accounting of all inmates assigned to them; inmates are to be closely monitored at all times. Inmates are not permitted to have or use any tobacco products of any kind. Inmates are not permitted to have or use any alcohol or drugs of any kind. All work crew supervisors will sign inmates out at the beginning of their shift and sign them in at the end of their shift with the officer assigned to the trustee cells. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates Any problems encountered shall be reported immediately to Sumner County Jail. Any inmate escape must be reported immediately to SCJ. Do not wait, thinking the inmate will show back up. Inmates will be subject to search and inspection upon their return from a work assignment. SCJ employees shall make regular inspections of inmates while performing duties outside the compound. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates Supervisors may make a written request for an inmate to be removed from their work crew for the following reasons: ➢ Poor work performance ➢ Unacceptable behavior ➢ Inmates shall be provided adequate and secure restroom facilities while on work locations. ➢ Programs will have assigned times; supervisors must abide by time frames allotted. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates Should inmate labor be needed during other times or program hours need to be changed, the requesting agency should make a written request to the Jail Administrator or her designee, specifying why the changes are needed, when the changes are to occur, where the location is, and what the inmates will be doing. The inmate crew leader is to make sure the inmates eat meals as required, if the inmates are not returned to the jail for meals. We serve breakfast at 4 a.m., lunch at 11 a.m., and dinner at 4 p.m. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates Inmate crew leaders that pick up lunch for the inmates at restaurants, should use a drive-thru or have the food brought out to them. The inmates cannot be left alone, and inmates are not allowed to go inside the building. Inmate crew leaders should never let the inmates know ahead of time where they are going to be working the next day. Any crew leader found to be breaking the rules, runs the risk of losing their crew, or losing the crew for whom they are employed. (Employer will be notified of rule infractions.) Inmates are forbidden from bringing items back into the facility, to include t-shirts, caps, drink containers, etc. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Supervision of Inmates These rules have been compiled to promote the safety and security of the inmates and supervisors. SCSO expects full compliance with these rules and regulations. Violations may result in your organization’s suspension from receiving inmate labor or having volunteers for programs until reviewed by jail administration. Organizations utilizing inmate labor, or program volunteers shall be responsible for notifying the facility when new supervisors are employed or volunteering. Organizations may appeal any suspension or other sanction by submitting a written appeal to SCJ Capt. Doug Canter. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Responsibilities Inmates are expected to follow all rules of the Sumner County Jail at all times during their incarceration, to include: ➢ Work assignments ➢ Program participation ➢ Special Events Inmates are required to govern themselves in accordance with written facility policy and oral instructions of the facility staff. Inmates are responsible for informing facility staff of their needs and any problems they are experiencing, by utilizing written sick call, inmate requests and grievance procedures, if necessary. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights ➢ The inmate is entitled to appropriate and necessary medical, dental and mental health care. ➢ Inmates are entitled to regular out of cell exercise. ➢ Inmates are entitled to adequate nutritious meals. ➢ Supervision must be sufficient to provide for the safety of inmates, and order and security of SCJ. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights ➢ Inmates are entitled to protection from threats, intimidation and physical injury. ➢ Facilities must be adequate for the number and type of inmates being housed. ➢ Conditions of confinement must be safe, sanitary and orderly. ➢ Facilities must provide basic sanitation and hygiene necessities to inmates. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights “Citizenship rights”are divided into two subcategories: ➢ Fundamental citizenship rights ➢ Non-fundamental citizenship rights SCJ staff has the responsibility of safeguarding the rights of inmates. Reasonable restrictions may be placed upon the exercise of non-fundamental rights, provided there is a rational basis for the restrictions. Restrictions on fundamental rights must be supported by a compelling necessity. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights Non-Fundamental Citizenship Rights ➢ Inmates have the right to freedom of association (visitation), subject to maintenance of order and security within SCJ. ➢ Inmates have a qualified right to privacy. Although privacy is difficult to provide in a jail facility, staff members of the opposite sex should neither routinely perform physical searches, nor routinely view inmates performing normal bodily functions. ➢ Inmates have the right to use mail for personal and legal correspondence. ➢ Mail must not be censored, and a reasonable amount of correspondence materials must be provided to indigent inmates. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights Privileges, once given, are to be treated as nonfundamental citizenship rights. The Correctional Officer has to balance the “no pain” rights and “citizenship” rights of the inmate with the “maintain order” and “ensure security” responsibilities of the state. An inmate’s freedom to exercise his/her rights is limited by the responsibilities of the Correctional Officer. The Correctional Officer has the responsibility to maintain order and ensure security. Decisions that have an adverse effect on an inmate must be rationally related to the effectuation of order and security in the SCJ. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights The method of redress for inmate grievances is the inmate grievance procedure. The staff is responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of the grievance procedure. Written policy provides for the consistent and orderly operation of the SCJ. Normal practice must not deviate from written policy. The facility staff has the responsibility for ensuring the safety of inmates. The staff may take reasonable administrative action to protect an inmate. An inmate can be removed from general population if there is immediate danger of the destruction of property, life or limb. Only the least amount of force necessary to facilitate this move will be used. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights Administrative segregation is a classification used in separating inmates whose behavior has adversely affected the security or good order of SCJ, or whose safety would be at risk in the general population. The need for segregation will be determined through a hearing, although an inmate may be segregated based on the determination of institutional needs. Regular and systematic searches are necessary to ensure security in the SCJ. Searches must not go beyond what is necessary to ensure security. The infliction of pain and the removal or restriction of rights must comply with the Fourteenth Amendment requirements of equal protection, substantive due process, and procedural due process. Sumner County Sheriff's Office 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights Equal Protection The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires that people similarly situated be similarly treated. Any rights or privileges afforded inmates by SCJ must be made equally available to all persons similarly situated. Any inequality in the treatment of inmates must be rationally related to the legitimate facility objectives of maintaining order and ensuring security. Any inequality of treatment that unequally affects persons of different races or national origin (“suspect classifications”) must be a compelling necessity to maintain order and/or ensure security. Equal protection is of primary importance to all decisions relating to classification, administrative segregation, or inmate discipline. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights The substantive due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires all governmental action to be non-arbitrary. In other words, all government action must be rationally related to the effectuation of a legitimate governmental objective. In SCJ, the legitimate governmental objectives are to maintain order and ensure security. Therefore, taking any right or infliction of pain must be rationally related to a legitimate need to maintain order and/or ensure security. Taking any fundamental rights must have a compelling necessity to maintain order and/or ensure security. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Rights Procedural Due Process The procedural due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires that “both sides” of the story are presented and considered before making a final decision that deprives an inmate of rights or privileges, or confines an inmate under more serious conditions. In order to ensure objectivity, the person(s) who conduct the hearing and makes the final decision, must not also be the person presenting either side of the story. In the event of an emergency, the hearing should be conducted as soon as possible after an emergency response is made. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Suicide Risks / Signs People who are incarcerated are more likely to be at risk for suicide due to some or all of the following reasons: ➢ Helplessness: The inmate’s family may be unable to support themselves, a family member is ill, other family problems, etc. ➢ Hopelessness: Loss of job, loss of home, financial status, relationships, etc. ➢ Assimilation: The inability to cope with life incarcerated. ➢ Embarrassment ➢ Shame ➢ Withdrawal from drugs / alcohol Sumner County Sheriff's Office Suicide Prevention ➢ In 2016, there were 1,110 suicide deaths in the state of Tennessee. ➢ For every 100,000 people, there were 16.2 deaths. ➢ In Sumner County, there were 41 deaths by suicide. ➢ For every 100,000 people, there were 22.8 deaths. ➢ In the United States alone, someone dies by suicide every 12 minutes. ➢ Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in Tennessee. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Suicide Prevention ➢ Suicide is now the 2nd leading cause of death in the age group 1024, in Tennessee. ➢ Nationally, suicide rates among young people, ages 15-24, have increased more than 200% in the last 50 years. ➢ In 2018, in Tennessee, there were 12 suicides & 35 attempted suicides in state prisons. ➢ The suicide rate is higher for the elderly, ages 85+, than for any other age group. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Suicide Prevention ➢ Four times more men than women kill themselves. ➢ Three times more women than men attempt suicide. ➢ Suicide cuts across ethnic, economic, social and age boundaries. ➢ Suicide is preventable. ➢ Most suicidal people desperately want to live; they are just unable to see any alternatives to their problems. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Suicide Prevention ➢ If you notice someone looking depressed, say something. ➢ It’s OK to ask: “Are you thinking about killing yourself?” ➢ Talking about suicide does not increase the chances someone will kill themselves. ➢ Stay with the person and get a qualified professional en route to help ➢ Remove any items that can be used to complete their suicide ➢ Reassure them you are there to help Sumner County Sheriff's Office Why is the Risk of Suicide greater in Jail? ➢ Jail environments are conducive to suicidal behavior. ➢ Jail environments diminish personal control. ➢ Jails separate inmates from social support networks. ➢ Jails provide isolation/privacy. ➢ Jails may not have mental health resources. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Those Identified at Greater Risk for Suicide in Jail ➢ Young men. ➢ Mentally ill. ➢ Substance abusers. ➢ Previous suicide attempts. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Some General Warning Signs ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Sumner County Sheriff's Office Withdrawal from friends and family. Saying goodbye. Giving their things away Symptoms of depression. (Sad mood, fatigue, disturbed sleep, appetite disturbance, loss of interest.) Any deviations from the person’s everyday attitude ○ Overly happy ○ Says “Everything will be better soon” Requests to be placed into a cell alone Suicide notes Handmade ropes Vocalizing: Inmate may make comments such as, “want to just end it”, “can’t go on anymore”, “just kill myself”, etc. (Even joking about suicide is a serious matter.) Tennessee Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services 24/7 Crisis Services & Suicide Prevention 1-855-CRISIS-1 1-855-274-7471 Sumner County Sheriff's Office National Suicide Hotline Numbers 1-800-SUICIDE / 1-800-784-2433 1-800-273-TALK / 1-800-273-8255 2-1-1 or go to 211.org/ Call numbers in your state, even if they are outside your city or county. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Use of Force As a contracted employee, volunteer, etc., you should NEVER be involved in any use of force. If an inmate displays disruptive or aggressive behavior in any way, Do Not Engage the inmate. Report the problem to a supervisor at SCJ immediately. Someone will be dispatched to assist you. Only trained employees of SCJ or other law enforcement agencies may engage in any use of force. Note: You have a right to defend yourself, but never go on the offensive. Get away, and get help. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Communication Skills Goals of communication: ➢ To obtain information ➢ To keep the person talking ➢ To aid in processing a situation ➢ To aid in decision making ➢ To confront inappropriate decisions and behavior Sumner County Sheriff's Office Four Interpersonal Communication Skills Empathy-The ability to attune yourself to another person. Understand the difference between empathy and sympathy. It’s okay to understand where someone is coming from, but when we begin to “entertain” a problem, we are compromised as professionals. Genuine-Honesty in what you say and feel. Respect-Value another person’s worth. Concrete-Measurable, clear; not abstract. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Verbal Communication Skills ➢ The use of words to convey an idea or memory. ➢ Listen carefully. ➢ Stay neutral-Don’t be judgmental. ➢ Choose your words carefully; avoid emotional words unless looking for an emotional response. ➢ Reflection; Restate what someone has said to ensure you understand. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Counseling Techniques ➢ If an inmate is agitated, speak to them in a calm voice tone. Be clear and to the point. ➢ Do not agitate the inmate further by yelling at them, or repeatedly telling them they are wrong. ➢ Call the SCJ or supervisor immediately and someone will be dispatched to handle any problems. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Sexual Harassment and Misconduct Awareness Sexual Harassment-unwelcome verbal, visual or physical conduct of a sexual nature that is severe or pervasive and affects working conditions or creates a hostile work environment. This behavior will not be tolerated. Types of Sexual Harassment: ➢ Quid Pro Quo (this for that)-Typically a person in a position of authority demands sexual favors as a condition to keep or get a benefit. ➢ Hostile Work Environment-Verbal, physical or visual forms of harassment that are sexual in nature, sufficiently severe, persistent or pervasive, and unwelcome. ➢ A single, severe incident, such as a sexual assault could create a hostile work environment. More commonly, a hostile environment is created by a series of events. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 Federal law established to address the elimination and prevention of sexual assault and rape in correctional systems. PREA applies to all federal, state and local prisons, jails, police lock-ups, private facilities, and community settings such as residential facilities. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 Purposes of PREA: ➢ To establish a zero-tolerance standard for the incidence of rape in prisons in the United States. ➢ To make the prevention of prison rape a top priority in each prison system. ➢ To develop and implement national standards for the detection, prevention, reduction and punishment of prison rape. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 Purposes of PREA: ➢ To increase the available data and information on the incidence of prison rape, consequently improving the management and administration of correctional facilities. ➢ To standardize the definitions used for collecting data on the incidence of prison rape. ➢ To increase the accountability of prison officials who fail to detect, prevent, reduce and punish prison rape. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 Purposes of PREA: ➢ To protect the Eighth Amendment rights of federal, state and local prisoners. ➢ To increase the efficiency and effectiveness of federal expenditures through grant programs such as those dealing with health care, mental health care, disease prevention, crime prevention, investigation and prosecution, prison construction, maintenance and operations, race relations, poverty, unemployment and homelessness. ➢ To reduce the costs that prison rape imposes on interstate commerce. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 How does PREA apply to jails? ➢ PREA seeks to ensure that jails and other correctional settings protect inmates from sexual assault, sexual harassment, consensual sex with employees, and inmate on inmate sexual assault. These violations affect security and staff safety, and pose long term risks to inmates and staff inside jails, and to the public when victimized inmates are released into the community. ➢ PREA requires jails to keep data regarding inmate on inmate sexual assaults, nonconsensual sexual acts and staff sexual misconduct. Sumner County Sheriff's Office P.R.E.A. Violations Sexual contact or penetration with a prisoner or inmate by a law enforcement officer, correctional employee, vendor or volunteer, is an offense carrying a penalty of: ○ A Class E Felony with a determinate sentence of: not less than 1 year and no more than 6 years in prison. Also a fine not to exceed $3,000. Tenn. Code Annotated 39-13-527 (Authority Figure: Sexual Battery Penalty) states: ○ Sexual battery is a Class C felony. This carries a sentence of not less than 3 years and not more than 15 years in prison. ○ The jury may assess a fine not to exceed $10,000., unless otherwise provided by statute. Sumner County Sheriff's Office P.R.E.A. Policy ➢ Inmates cannot consent to any sexual behavior with staff. ➢ It is never a defense that the inmate initiated, encouraged, or consented to the sexual contact, unless the inmate did so by force or the contact was otherwise involuntary. ➢ It is a Class E Felony for any employee, vendor, intern, or volunteer to engage in sexual contact or penetration with an inmate, regardless of whether such conduct takes place on or away from Sumner County Sheriff’s Office premises. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Barriers to Reporting Sexual Assault Inmates do not want to be seen as a snitch The jail environment can be a natural barrier to reporting sexual assault. The strong inmate code of silence prevents sexual abuse from being reported. This means that jails need to create safe reporting environments for both staff and inmates. Staff do not want to report other staff Because of the nature of the working environment, staff relationships are close. This can prevent staff from reporting other staff who may be sexually involved with an inmate. Staff choose not to report Staff may choose not to report because they fear for the safety of those involved or think nothing will be done as a result of the report. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Victim Communication To ensure accurate reporting, a victim has to feel comfortable with the responder. It becomes your job to establish a rapport with the victim. Use the below tools to set the tone for victim communication. Before a victim can say too much, you'll need to explain your role. As a responder, you are there to get the most basic information to pass on to the investigator. You'll also need to tell the victim that you’ll have to report the incident Sumner County Sheriff's Office Stay Calm and Professional Affirm that you take this issue very seriously. Never laugh at, or make fun of, the experience. Also, though it may be difficult, don't act shocked by what you're hearing. Watch body language Make yourself as approachable as possible. Folding your arms, for example, may communicate that you’re closed to what the victim has to tell you and standing over the person can be intimidating. Be an active listener Consider the tone of your voice and eye contact. Keep eye contact and use a calm and supportive tone of voice. These are the qualities of being an active listener. Victim Communication It’s essential that a responder acknowledge that the victim has endured a uniquely traumatic ordeal and communicate with the victim as such. Words and Statements to use Words and Statements to avoid Helpful phrases might be, “I’m sorry this happened to you,” or “I know this might be difficult to talk about.” Avoid phrases like, “I know how you feel” or ”I understand what you’re going through.” Those phrases are not helpful because they tend to downplay the victim's experience. Be patient and actively listen. Refrain from interjecting your own thoughts or feelings into the victim’s story. Be sure to clearly communicate the next steps in the process, including the investigation and necessity of medical care if applicable. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Don’t correct the victim’s language if he or she chooses to use slang terms. Do not make promises to the victim. The victim may want you to promise that you won't tell anyone. Never agree to do this. Also, don’t promise to protect the victim from any future attack or retaliation. P.R.E.A. Video Sumner County Sheriff's Office METHODS FOR P.R.E.A. ENFORCEMENT ➢ Never be alone with an inmate. ➢ Stay in camera shot at all times or have another officer or supervisor with you. ➢ Keep yourself above suspicion. ➢ Allegations are made all of the time. Cross gender supervision of inmates is prohibited. Male supervisors will supervise male inmates; female supervisors will supervise female inmates. In the event of a program instructor being of the opposite sex, an officer will be dispatched to supervise the program. Sumner County Sheriff's Office METHODS FOR P.R.E.A. ENFORCEMENT ➢ At no time should female and male inmates be in the same area together. ➢ Monitor inmates at all times and take all claims of forced sexual behavior as very serious. ➢ Male on male and female on female cases of forced sexual behavior are common in jail type settings. ➢ Prevention starts with awareness; visibility of officers and work program supervisors is the number one way to prevent inmate on inmate sexual violence. Sumner County Sheriff's Office SOCIAL/CULTURAL LIFESTYLES The day to day experiences of inmates are not only affected by the official, formal organization of jails; an informal organization among inmates, known to criminologists as the inmate subculture, is equally influential. The inmate subculture is comprised of a peculiar language and a distinctive set of informal norms, attitudes, beliefs, values, statuses, and roles that give prisoners a different perspective from people on the outside (or as the prisoners say, those of us in the free world). Sumner County Sheriff's Office SOCIAL/CULTURAL LIFESTYLES To illustrate the existence of this unique subculture, prisons have an inverted status hierarchy that often honors behaviors and activities that are condemned by the law abiding citizens. For most people, the cop killer is the ultimate symbol of a despicable criminal; confined in a men’s maximum security prison, he is admired by other inmates as a stand-up guy, or congratulated for being an outlaw (the highest terms of respect in these institutions). Drug dealers and gang bangers (members of urban street gangs) are hated by society, but they occupy positions of importance and power in the cellblocks. Even strong-arm rapists who sexually assault other inmates are grudgingly admired in prison for their ability to dominate the weak. Sumner County Sheriff's Office SOCIAL/CULTURAL LIFESTYLES Prisoners claim that an inmate code (a set of values and beliefs distinctive to jails) binds this subculture together. This code is the unofficial rule book for the informal organization of inmates. In particular, the code depicts prison as a chaotic, violent and predatory jungle; inmates call penitentiaries gladiator schools, where only the strong survive. The code admonishes fish (newcomers to jail) to avoid entanglements and disputes with other prisoners, especially those that involve debts. One inmate’s version of the code is: “Don’t gamble, don’t mess with drugs, don’t steal, don’t borrow or lend, and you might survive”. Weaker inmates who ignore this advice often become mules for manipulative predators, using their body cavities to smuggle drugs into the jail. Sumner County Sheriff's Office SOCIAL/CULTURAL LIFESTYLES ➢ The cardinal sin is to cooperate with officials as a jail informer who snitches, squeals, or rats on other inmates in exchange for parole, favorable work details, or other considerations. ➢ Inmates will be reluctant to give information on another inmate breaking rules, typically out of fear of being labeled a snitch. ➢ As a work or program supervisor, you must be aware of the social and cultural lifestyles of inmates in order to effectively supervise them. ➢ Awareness will allow you to understand the importance of actively supervising the inmates and reporting any rule infractions. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Cultural Diversity Sumner County Sheriff's Office Cultural Diversity ➢ Understand that no matter what a person looks like or what belief system they subscribe to, we should treat them equally. ➢ Understand that people have lived under much different circumstances than yourself. ➢ Refrain from making statements that could seem prejudiced, convey a stereotype or be discriminatory. ➢ Avoid all conversations regarding religion, politics and background Sumner County Sheriff's Office Race and Cultural Ethnicity in the U.S. The United States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. The census officially recognizes six ethnic and racial categories: ➢ White American ➢ Black or African American ➢ Native American and Alaska Native ➢ Asian American ➢ Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander People of two or more races, a race called “Some Other Race” is also used in the census and other surveys, but it’s not official. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Ethnicity Defined Ethnicity refers to shared cultural practices, perspectives and distinctions that set apart one group of people from another. That is, ethnicity is a shared cultural heritage. The most common characteristics distinguishing various ethnic groups are ancestry, a sense of history, language, religion and forms of dress. WE THE PEOPLE: DO NOT have the legal right to make any clear distinction when it’s based on an individual’s race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age (40+), disabilities, pregnancy, genetic information, marital or veteran’s status. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Tolerance and Understanding ➢ As human beings and co-workers, we must encourage and practice tolerance and understanding when we encounter differences. ➢ It teaches us to be more open-minded about how others may differ from ourselves. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Report Writing If an injury or any problem occurs while an inmate is under your supervision, SCJ is to be notified immediately and a report must be written and submitted to the SCJ. If you damage county vehicles or equipment you must notify the SCJ and a report must be written and submitted to the SCJ. A report is a written summary of events that the report writer has witnessed, heard or investigated. After the report is completed and signed, it becomes a permanent record of the events. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Report Writing The “7” essential questions to report writing are: ➢ Who? What? Where? When? Why? How Action Taken? Example: On Monday, August 22nd, 2022 at approximately 0800 hours, I (Chris Jennings) was supervising inmates on a work detail on HWY 109 near near South Tunnel Drive when Inmate John Smith approached me and said he hit his left thumb with a hammer. I saw that his thumb was red and swollen with a small amount of blood coming from the nail area. I applied a bandaid to the injury and immediately called Sgt. Jones at the jail and notified him of the injury. Inmate Smith was able to continue working until returning to the jail at 1600 hours. Submitted by: Chris Jennings Sumner County Sheriff's Office Report Writing ➢ Clear-stick to the facts and use simple, descriptive words. Keep the report in chronological order. ➢ Concise-Use simple sentences; don’t use unnecessary words. ➢ Complete-Include all necessary facts. If possible, all seven essential questions of report writing should be answered. ➢ Correct-Present only actual facts. Opinions should not normally be included. Check your spelling and grammar. Keep the report neat. ➢ Courteous-Be objective and fair in your report. Do not embellish the facts. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Key Control ➢ Keys must always be secured or put in a secure location. ➢ Keys should never be left lying around. ➢ If transporting an inmate, never leave the keys in the vehicle. ➢ Never give or let an inmate use a key for any reason. ➢ Keep personal keys in a secure/locked location if possible. ➢ At the SCJ, leave your keys at Visitation Desk or at the Sgt.’s desk. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations If you are taken hostage at the Sumner County Jail: ➢ Be cautious of heroics. Don't act foolishly. ➢ Be cooperative and obey hostage takers' demands without appearing either servile or antagonistic. ➢ Look for a protected place where you could hide if either authorities or inmates attempt to assault your location with force. ➢ Keep your cool. Attempt to relax by thinking about pleasant scenes or memories. You might try to recollect the plots of books or movies. This will help you remain functional. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations ➢ Keep a low profile. Avoid the appearance of observing crimes that rioters commit. Look down or away. Avoid interfering with their discussions or activities. ➢ Do not make threats against hostage takers or give any indication that you would testify against them. If inmates are attempting to conceal their identity, make no indication that you recognize them. ➢ Be reluctant to give up your identification or clothes. Loss of these things is demoralizing. Inmates will use them for bargaining. Be especially resistant to exchange clothes with an inmate. This could put you in much greater danger in the case of an assault. ➢ As a result of the stress of the hostage situation, you may have difficulty retaining fluids. Try to drink water and eat even if you are not hungry. It is important to maintain strength. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations Be conscious of your body language as well as your speech. Do not say or do anything to arouse the hostility or suspicions of your captors. Act neutral and be a good listener if your captors want to talk. Be cautious about making suggestions to your captors as you may be held responsible if something you suggest goes wrong. Think of persuasive reasons the hostage takers should keep you and the other hostages alive and not harm you. Encourage them to let authorities know of your whereabouts and condition. Suggest possible ways where you or others may benefit your captors in negotiations that would free you. If you as hostage end up serving as negotiator between inmates and authorities, messages between the two groups should be conveyed accurately. If there is an assault to rescue and shots are fired, drop quickly to the floor and seek cover. Keep your hands on your head. When appropriate, identify yourself. Do not resist being apprehended until positive identification is made. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations If you as hostage end up serving as negotiator between inmates and authorities, messages between the two groups should be conveyed accurately. If there is an assault to rescue and shots are fired, drop quickly to the floor and seek cover. Keep your hands on your head. When appropriate, identify yourself. Do not resist being apprehended until positive identification is made. There is a tremendous psychological and physiological relief when you are released. You should be debriefed. This will give you an opportunity to discuss what happened to you and how you feel. Express your feelings freely. Deal openly with your reactions and any problems you may have subsequently. You have nothing to be ashamed of. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Hostage Situations Even though you must appear disinterested while being held hostage, observe all you can. Insure that you are thoroughly debriefed and make your own notes after release. All of these things will help in the subsequent prosecution of the rioters. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Personal Relationships with Inmates Sumner County Sheriff’s Office / Sumner County Jail Policy Strictly prohibits any personal relationship between volunteers and inmates. TN Code Annotated 39-16-408. Sexual contact with inmates. (a) For purposes of this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Law enforcement officer" and "correctional employee" include a person working in that capacity as a private contractor or employee of a private contractor; and (2) "Volunteer" means any person who, after fulfilling the appropriate policy requirements, is assigned to a volunteer job and provides a service without pay from the correctional agency, except for compensation for those expenses incurred directly as a result of the volunteer service. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Indicators that an over-familiar relationship is developing: ➢ Looking forward to seeing a particular inmate. ➢ Talking openly regarding personal matters around or with offender. ➢ Horse playing. ➢ Spending excessive time with an offender. ➢ Accepting personal telephone calls from offenders or their families. ➢ Sharing food or snacks with offenders. ➢ Thinking of an offender as “my inmate”. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Manipulation and Con-Games Inmates have absolutely nothing to give you; they will only take from you; when you have lost your family, money, and belongings they will leave you all by yourself to face the consequences. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Manipulation and Con-Games ANATOMY OF A "SET-UP" How set-ups work and how to avoid a set up . The Team: a) Observers - data collectors, watching for signs of ignoring the rules, play favorites or who appears gullible or "weak.” b) Contracts - conversational data collectors - traffic in gossip, small talk and compile information about an intended (Likes and dislikes, habits) casework - but no desire to help. c) Runners - specialist for hire on specific tasks - seeking small favors like cigarettes, pencils, etc., not in on whole scam -just part of testing process. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Manipulation and Con-Games d) Turners - specialist who gets into the good graces of an employee, seeking a lever to turn the employee against the system. Uses careful probes and psychology in process. Capitalizes on employee gripes against the system, uses praise of the employee - "best cop in the joint" and cements ties to inmate as the only ones who appreciate the employee. Generally gets progressively more familiar and friendly and eventually seeks to have employee "look the other way" permitting some license or liberties which may be portrayed as in the employee's interest. "I'm going to straighten that guy out for you." e) Lookouts - inmates that guard posts to cover illegal transactions between other inmates and employees. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Inmate Set up as Explained by an Inmate Sumner County Sheriff's Office Manipulation Manipulation means to manage or use a process to one's own advantage and to serve one's selfish purpose. With that in mind, here is a review of manipulative tactics that can be used by inmates: ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Flattery: to stroke the ego. Empathy: to identify without feeling sorry. "I can relate to that." Sympathy: to feel sorry for them. Helplessness: beware the inmate asking for help. Sensitivity: to you as a person. Confidentiality: to share a "secret" or create a bond. Isolate and protect: use of rumours; playing staff against staff Touching: implies permission to proceed further. Sexual references: is always unacceptable whether by staff or inmates. ➢ Coercion and intimidation: usually in the form of blackmail. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Avoidance and Protection There are some tips you can follow to help be better prepared for an inmate set-up. ➢ Professionalism: respect your environment and never become unduly familiar with the inmates. ➢ Recognition Training: learn the techniques and methods used by inmate in the set-up process. ➢ Communication Monitoring: remember what you say and how you say it is constantly being monitored by the inmates. ➢ Information Gathering: this works both ways. Know the inmates that work for you and learn their behaviours. ➢ Procedural Knowledge: Know the Department's rules and regulations, local orders and SOP's. ➢ Confident Command: be firm, fair, consistent, and objective in your contact with inmates. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Avoidance and Protection ➢ Chain of Command: use your supervision of the inmates as a source of information and keep your chain of command informed of situations, questions, and problems. ➢ Documentation: this is your best form of protection. If it is not in writing then it did not happen. File reports on incidents no matter how minor it may seem. Keep your notebook complete with information regarding times, dates, and names among other things. ➢ Crisis Judgement: protect yourself; report it; respond appropriately, using the minimum force necessary, communicates it, write it, and report itl ➢ Finally: Learn the effective and appropriate use of the word "NO". Sumner County Sheriff's Office Avoidance and Protection Inmates will take advantage of you only if you let them. You should be concerned if you notice the following: 1. Inmates try to engage you in long conversations about your likes, dislikes, or other personal matters. 2. Inmates suddenly begin offering you favours, doing extra work, being excessively nice to you, and showering you with compliments and attention. 3. Inmates try to involve you in a you/me situation, or an in-group alliance. 4. Inmates pester you for materials in excess of what you are allowed to give. 5. Inmates will not take no for an answer from you, but seem to accept the answer from other staff members. 6. Inmates defy your orders. 7. Inmates try to turn you against other staff members or departments within your institution. 8. Inmates consistently break minor rules in your area of supervision. 9. Inmates try to instil you with fear. 10. Inmates try to push you to the limits of your patience. Sumner County Sheriff's Office Avoidance and Protection If these things are happening to you, then ask yourself the following: ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ Am I overly friendly or overly familiar? Do I appear to be excessively gullible? Is my demeanour usually timid? Is my enforcement of rules inconsistent? Do I handle compliments in a professional manner? Do I sometimes share my personal problems with inmates? Do I tend to let issues slide tha