Volcano Safety Guide PDF
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This document provides safety guidelines for volcanic eruptions. It explains safety measures before, during, and after an eruption, including evacuation procedures and safety precautions. This document is specifically aimed at helping people understand how to be safe from volcanic eruptions.
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A. WHAT IS A VOLCANO? A volcano is an opening on the Earth's crust through which hot molten rock flows out from deep inside the Earth. The movement may be slow and steady. But the movement can also be sudden, explosive, and violent. The hot molten rock inside the Earth is called magma. On the other...
A. WHAT IS A VOLCANO? A volcano is an opening on the Earth's crust through which hot molten rock flows out from deep inside the Earth. The movement may be slow and steady. But the movement can also be sudden, explosive, and violent. The hot molten rock inside the Earth is called magma. On the other hand, the magma that reaches the surface of the Earth is called lava. Volcanism is any activity or process that includes magma's movement toward the Earth's surface. B. HOW DO VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS CHANGE THE EARTH'S SURFACE? Volcanoes can cause changes to the surface of the Earth in many ways. Lava flows, and the ejection of cinder, pumice, and ash build up to create cones of volcanoes and volcanic mountains. In addition, volcanic activity, such as basalt floods, lay thick, dense rock layers on the landscape. Volcanoes also trigger mudflows, avalanches, and cracks or fissures on the Earth's surface. C. SAFETY MEASURES BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER A VOLCANIC ERUPTION BEFORE A VOLCANIC ERUPTION 1. Keep yourself posted on the announcements, instructions, and warnings from PHIVOLCS. 2. Have a sufficient supply of drinking water, food, and medicines. Prepare a first aid kit, flashlight, and extra batteries in case of an emergency. 3. Find out where the evacuation areas are located. 4. When you evacuate, bring only important things. DURING A VOLCANIC ERUPTION 1. Move away immediately from the area. 2. Seek shelter indoors. 3. Protect your eyes, nose, and throat from volcanic gases and fumes. 4. Be aware of possible mudflows. Get to a high place as much as possible. 5. If caught in a rock fall, protect your head by rolling into a ball. AFTER A VOLCANIC ERUPTION 1. Wait for the announcements from authorities that it is safe to return home. 2. Inspect your house and nearby surroundings for damages.
