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Questions and Answers
What is the term used for the hot molten rock found inside the Earth?
Which of the following is NOT a change caused by volcanic eruptions?
What should you do immediately during a volcanic eruption?
Which of the following is recommended BEFORE a volcanic eruption?
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What should you wait for after a volcanic eruption before returning home?
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Study Notes
Volcanoes and Their Formation
- A volcano forms when molten rock, known as magma, rises from deep within the Earth and erupts onto the surface.
- This eruption can be slow and steady or sudden, explosive, and violent.
- Once magma reaches the surface, it is called lava.
Volcanic Eruptions and Earth's Surface
- Volcanic eruptions can cause significant changes to the Earth's surface.
- Lava flows, and the ejection of materials like cinder, pumice, and ash accumulate to form volcanic cones and mountains.
- Basalt floods can create thick layers of dense rock on the landscape.
- Other impacts include mudflows, avalanches, and the formation of cracks or fissures on the Earth's surface.
Safety Precautions During Volcanic Eruptions
Before an Eruption
- Stay informed about announcements, instructions, and warnings from relevant authorities like PHIVOLCS (Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology).
- Prepare an emergency kit with necessities:
- Sufficient drinking water
- Food
- Medicines
- First aid kit
- Flashlight
- Extra batteries
- Familiarize yourself with evacuation areas.
- Only bring essential items during evacuation.
During an Eruption
- Evacuate immediately from the affected area.
- Seek shelter indoors if possible.
- Protect eyes, nose, and throat from volcanic gases and fumes.
- Be alert for potential mudflows and move to higher ground if necessary.
- If caught in a rockfall, curl into a ball to protect your head.
After an Eruption
- Await announcements from authorities confirming it is safe to return home.
- Thoroughly inspect your home and surroundings for any damage.
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Description
This quiz covers the formation of volcanoes, the nature of volcanic eruptions, and their impact on Earth's surface. Additionally, it discusses essential safety precautions to take during volcanic eruptions. Prepare to test your knowledge on these important geological phenomena!
