Fundamental Animal Microgenetics Vocabulary PDF

S T U D E N T Fundamental Animal Microgenetics Genetics the science of heredity and variation Heredity process which brings about the differences and similarities between parents and offspring; sum of qualities genetically derived from one’s parents V O C A B U L A R Y Allele one of a pair of genes...

S T U D E N T Fundamental Animal Microgenetics Genetics the science of heredity and variation Heredity process which brings about the differences and similarities between parents and offspring; sum of qualities genetically derived from one’s parents V O C A B U L A R Y Allele one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes and affect the same trait in animals Cytoplasm complex solution of organic and inorganic components outside the cell nucleus contained by a cell membrane H A N D O U T Diploid refers to paired chromosomes in body cells Gametes male or female reproductive cells Genes the smallest unit of inheritance; a portion of a DNA molecule, occur in pairs on chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell Haploid refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell which is half of the original number Heritability proportion of observed variation in a particular trait which can be inherited due to genetic factors Nucleus essential to cell functions and contains nuclear sap form which chromosomes arise Chromatin forms colored bodies Accompanies: Fundamental Animal Microgenetics 1 S T U D E N T Fundamental Animal Microgenetics Homologous alike or equal Meiosis cell division resulting in haploid cells V O C A B U L A R Y Mitosis cell division of the nucleus of a somatic cell resulting in two identical daughter nuclei in two cells Oogenesis meiosis in females Spermatogenesis meiosis in males H A N D O U T X Chromosome female chromosome Y Chromosome male Chromosome Base Pairing the pairing of nitrogen bases Genotype the genetic makeup of an animal that is not affected by the environment Phenotype the actual physical appearance of an organism that is the combination of the organism’s genotype and the environment Accompanies: Fundamental Animal Microgenetics 2