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Questions and Answers
What is the term for one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes and affect the same trait in animals?
Which term refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell, being half of the original number?
What process results in cell division of the nucleus of a somatic cell, leading to two identical daughter nuclei in two cells?
Which term describes the essential part of a cell that contains nuclear sap and is the source of chromosomes?
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What is the proportion of observed variation in a trait that can be inherited due to genetic factors called?
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Which term is used to describe the division of a cell resulting in haploid cells?
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What refers to a male reproductive cell?
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Which term describes a female chromosome?
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Homologous means:
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What is the term for the sum of qualities genetically derived from one's parents?
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Which term describes the process that brings about differences and similarities between parents and offspring?
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What is the term for the male or female reproductive cells?
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What refers to paired chromosomes in body cells?
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Which term describes meiosis in females?
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What is referred to as one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes and affect the same trait in animals?
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What is the complex solution of organic and inorganic components outside the cell nucleus contained by a cell membrane called?
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What is the proportion of observed variation in a particular trait which can be inherited due to genetic factors?
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Which term refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell which is half of the original number?
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Study Notes
Genetics and Heredity
- Genetics is the science of heredity and variation, studying the differences and similarities between parents and offspring.
- Heredity is the process that brings about these differences and similarities, resulting in the sum of qualities genetically derived from one's parents.
Vocabulary
- Allele: one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes, affecting the same trait in animals.
- Cytoplasm: a complex solution of organic and inorganic components outside the cell nucleus, contained by a cell membrane.
- Diploid: refers to paired chromosomes in body cells.
- Gametes: male or female reproductive cells.
- Genes: the smallest unit of inheritance, a portion of a DNA molecule that occurs in pairs on chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell.
- Haploid: refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell, which is half of the original number.
- Heritability: the proportion of observed variation in a particular trait that can be inherited due to genetic factors.
- Nucleus: essential to cell functions, containing nuclear sap, and the source of chromosomes.
- Chromatin: forms colored bodies.
Cell Division and Reproduction
- Meiosis: cell division resulting in haploid cells.
- Mitosis: cell division of the nucleus of a somatic cell, resulting in two identical daughter nuclei in two cells.
- Oogenesis: meiosis in females.
- Spermatogenesis: meiosis in males.
Chromosomes
- X Chromosome: a female chromosome.
- Y Chromosome: a male chromosome.
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Description
Test your knowledge of fundamental animal microgenetics with this quiz focusing on key terms in genetics, heredity, alleles, and cytoplasm. Enhance your understanding of genetic concepts and terminology.
