Replication in Research PDF

Chapter 14: Replication - Types of Replication - Direct replication=researchers repeat an original study as closely as they can to see whether the effect is the same in the newly collected data - a direct replication cannot replicate the initial study in ever...

Chapter 14: Replication - Types of Replication - Direct replication=researchers repeat an original study as closely as they can to see whether the effect is the same in the newly collected data - a direct replication cannot replicate the initial study in every detail - researchers try to reproduce the original experiment as closely as possible - Conceptual replication - researchers explore the same research question but use different procedures - The conceptual variables in the study are the same, but the procedures for operationalizing the variables are different. - replication=plus-extension=researchers replicate their original experiment and add variables to test additional questions - Why might a study not be replicable -. When a study fails to replicate, it could be an issue with the replication study itself - Even in direct replications, there are differences in sample, materials, or geography - Meta-Analysis: What Does the Literature Say? - scientific literature (or simply literature) =consists of a series of related studies, conducted by various researchers, that have tested similar variables. - literature review=researchers collect all the studies on a topic and consider them together - meta-analysis= a way of mathematically averaging the results of all the studies (both published and unpublished) that have tested the same variables to see what conclusion that whole body of evidence supports - Strengths: - Because meta-analyses usually contain data that have been published in empirical journals, you can be more certain that the data have been peerreviewed - assess the weight of the evidence in a scientific literature - Weaknesses - file drawer problem= the idea that a meta-analysis might be overestimating the true size of an effect because negligible effects or even opposite effects, have not been included in the collection process. - meta-analysis is only as powerful as the data that go into it