Characteristics of Quantitative Research PDF

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH OBJECTIVE Seeks accurate measurement and analysis of target concepts Not based on mere intuitions and guesses CLEARLY DEFINED RESEARCH QUESTIONS the research questions are well-defined for which objective answers are sought. As much as possible,...

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH OBJECTIVE Seeks accurate measurement and analysis of target concepts Not based on mere intuitions and guesses CLEARLY DEFINED RESEARCH QUESTIONS the research questions are well-defined for which objective answers are sought. As much as possible, the research design is implied and main variables are explicitly stated. STRUCTURED RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS Data are normally gathered using structured (limited-response; close-ended) research tools such as questionnaires to collect measurable characteristics of the population/sample. NUMERICAL DATA Data are in the form of numbers and statistics, often organized and presented using tables, charts, graphs and figures. LARGE SAMPLE SIZE To arrive at more reliable data analysis, a normal population distribution curve is preferred. REPLICATION Reliable quantitative studies can be repeated to verify or confirm the correctness of the results in another setting FUTURE OUTCOMES By using complex mathematical calculations and with the aid of computers, scenarios may be formulated thus predicting future results. TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESCRIPTIVE Describing the nature, characteristics and components of the population CORRELATIONAL Nature of relationships, or associations between two variables EXPERIMENTAL Respondents are randomly selected manipulation of variables, random assignment, control groups, and measurement of data VS. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL  looks into the cause-and-effect relationships between variables. VARIABLE Measurable characteristics that varies TYPES OF VARIABLES INDEPENDENT Input variable Probable cause of event Controlled by the researcher DEPENDENT Output variable Affected by independent variable The chanĀes in the dependent variable are what the researcher is trying to measure and test. DISCRETE Categorical or classificatory variable has a limited number of distinct values and which cannot be divided into fractions Whole number. CONTINUOUS can take infinite number on the value that can occur within a population. can be divided into ÿractions. LEVELS/SCALE OF MEASUREMENT NOMINAL Displays the categories but does not imply ordering of cases ORDINAL Has two or more cateĀories which can be ranked. INTERVAL does not have a “true zero” value, RATIO has a numerical scales with equal intervals and a true zero point, indicating the absence of the measured attribute. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Should capture the reader’s attention Provide background information Focus on the importance and validity of the problem General orientation of the problem area Brief rationale Present state of knowledge regarding the problem BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Overview of factors which led to the problem Concepts and ideas related to the problem discussion of the present condition Aim in the future STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Questions listed that need to address in the study SCOPE AND DELIMITATION The coverage of the study Number of subjects or the population included in the study SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Defines the importance of the study Explains who will benefit the study Write from general to specific DEFINITION OF TERMS Theoretical def.: base on dictionary definition Operational def.: define in terms of the specific processes THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Introduces and describes the theory that explains the research problem CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Analytical tool with several variations and context Organizing device Structure and series action