Universal Values PDF

CHAPTER 3: UNIVERSAL VALUES  DEFINITION OF TERMS Universal – from the word universe pertaining to a whole arrangement of things; physical and metaphysical (JM Robertson) Values- “the accepted principles or standards of a person or group”. LESSON 1: BASIC UNIVERSAL VALUE  “ A VA...

CHAPTER 3: UNIVERSAL VALUES  DEFINITION OF TERMS Universal – from the word universe pertaining to a whole arrangement of things; physical and metaphysical (JM Robertson) Values- “the accepted principles or standards of a person or group”. LESSON 1: BASIC UNIVERSAL VALUE  “ A VALUE is a UNIVERSAL VALUE if it has the same or worth for ALL”  These definitions enable us to approach the notion of universal value. Universal values are formed to implied behavioral standards that are necessary to live in a harmonious and peaceful society.  VALUE is associated with morality and ethics, which is difficult to transpose, or refer to the level of the group. All people have certain values that come from their interior and guide actions. Universal values are acquired with family education and school, because the process of socialization involves that new generations internalize timeless concepts.  UNIVERSAL VALUES Give your own opinion of Universal Value. Why do we have Universal Value despite the fact that we are diversified? THE ANSWER IS……. Because the fact that we are all different is our commonality.  SCHWARTZ CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL VALUES S.H. Schwartz, along with a number of psychology colleagues, has carried out empirical research investigsting whether there are universal values, and what those values are. Schwartz define “value” as “conceptions of the desireable that influence the way people select action and evaluate events (Sen, 1999) SCHWARTZ CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL VALUES 1. POWER 6.UNIVERSALISM 2. ACHIEVEMENT 7.BENEVOLENCE 3. HEDONISM 8.TRADITION 4. STIMULATION 9.CONFORMITY 5. SELF-DIRECTION 10.SECURITY 1. POWER. Social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources. Example: A business leader who seeks to expand their influence by acquiring more companies or a politician aiming for a higher position of authority to shape public policy. 2. ACHIEVEMENT. Personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards. Example: A student working hard to excel academically, striving for high grades and awards, or an athlete training to win a competition. 3. HEDOISM. Pleasure or sensuous gratification for oneself. Example: A person who loves fine dining, indulging in gourmet food, or someone who takes time to enjoy hobbies and leisure activities, like going to a spa for relaxation. 4. STIMULATION. Excitement, novelty and challenge in life. Example: Someone who enjoys adventure travel, seeking thrill and new experiences, like skydiving or exploring unknown places. 5. SELF-DIRECTION. Independent throught and action-choosing, creating, exploring. Example: An entrepreneur starting their own business, making independent decisions, and exploring new ideas without being constrained by external rules or traditions. 6. UNIVERSALISM. Understanding, appreciation,tolerance and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature Example: An activist promoting environmental sustainability or human rights, advocating for global issues like climate change or equal rights for marginalized communities. 7. BENEVOLENCE. Preservation and enhancement of the welfare of all people and for nature. Example: A person helping a family member in need, such as taking care of an elderly parent or providing support to a friend going through a difficult time. 8. TRADITION. Respect, commitment, and acceptance of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provide. Example: A family celebrating traditional holidays like Christmas, Diwali, or Lunar New Year, or someone participating in a cultural festival passed down through generations. 9. CONFORMITY. Restaint of actions, inclinations and impulse likely to upset or harm others and violate social experiments or norms. Example: A student following school rules and behaving respectfully toward teachers and classmates, or a person dressing conservatively to adhere to the dress code at a formal event. 10. SECURITY. Safety, harmony and stability of society of relationships and of self. Example: A person who saves money for emergencies and invests in insurance to ensure financial security for their family, or a government implementing policies to ensure national security and public safety.  UNITED NATION (UN) CHARTER ON UNIVERSAL VALUES 1. Respect for fundamental human rights 2. Social justice and human dignity 3. Respect for the equal rights of men and women BASIC UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES 1. Happiness 7. Human respect 2. Peace 8. Equality 3. Love 9. Justice 4. Freedom 10.Nature 5. Safety 11.Health 6. Intelligence THE HUMAN DIGNITY “dignitas”- “worthiness” “Dignity implies that each person is worthy of honor and respect for WHO THEY ARE and not for WHAT THEY CAN DO.” QUESTION TO PONDER What is the importance of tackling the concept of Universal Values to: our society ourselves our future students  LESSON 2: DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL CHARACTER OBJECTIVES a) Define moral character b) Determine the significance of having a strong moral character MORAL CHARACTER Aristote tells us that there are good people in the world. These are those who exhibit excellences – ethikai aretai - we usually translate as moral virtue or moral excellence. character is based on two naturally occurring psychological responses that most people experience without difficulty: our tendency to take pleasure from self-realizing activity and our tendency to form friendly feelings toward others under specific  MORAL CHARACTER or CHARACTER is an evaluation of an individual’s stable moral qualities. The concept of character can imply a variety of attributes including the existence of lack of virtues such as empathy, courage, fortitude, honesty and loyalty or of good behaviors or habit. A MORAL CHARACTER is defined as an idea in which one is unique and can be distinguished from others. IMPORTANCE OF HAVING A STRONG MORAL CHARACTER 1. Achieve peace of 6. Build confidence mind 7. Become a positive 2. Strengthen trust role model 3. Build a solid reputation 8. Live a purpose-driven 4. Reduce anxiety life 5. Increase leadership 9. Build a strong effectiveness business DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL CHARACTER 1. Define your core 4. Take some risks values 5. Stretch yourself 2. Practice the habits 6. Commit to self- 3. Find people with improvement character SOME GOOD CHARACTER TRAITS TO PRACTICE 1. Attract the trust and 5. Improve your self-esteem, respect of other people self-respect, and confidence 2. Allow yourself to be 6. Create a foundation for happy, influenced by others healthy relationship 7. Help yourself to stay 3. Change your perspective committed to your values and about failure goals 4. Sustain yourself through 8. Improve your chance of difficult times or success in work and other opposition endeavors CHARACTER TRAITS THAT IMPACT ONE’S HAPPINESS 1. Integrity 11. Courageousness 2. Honesty 12. Generosity 3. Loyalty 13. Perseverance 4. Respectfulness 14. Politeness 15. Kindness 5. Responsibility 16. Lovingness 6. Humility 17. Optimism 7. Compassion 18. Reliability 8. Fairness 19. Conscientiousness 9. Forgiveness 20. Self-discipline 10. authenticity EVALUATION Relate the acronym YOLO to Moral Character.  LESSON 3: STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES a) Determine the stages of moral development b) Identify the significance of these stages to making decisions on a moral dilemma  KOHLBERG’S STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT Lawrence Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, a comprehensive stage theory of moral development based on Jean Piagets theory of morl judgement for children (1932) and developed by Kohlberg in 1958. Kohlberg’s theory focuses on the thinking process that occurs when one decides whether a behaviour is right or wrong. Thus, the theoretical emphasis is on how one decides to respond to a moral dilemma, not what one decides or what one actually does.  The framework of Kohlberg’s theory consists of six stages arranged sequentially in successive tiers of complexity. He organized his six stages into three general levels of moral development.  Level Stages PRE-CONVENTIONAL Stage 1: Punishment/obedience orientation Stage 2: Instrumental purpose orientation CONVENTIONAL Stage 3: Good Boy/ Nice Girl Orientation Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation POST-CONVENTIONAL/ Stage 5: Social Contract PRINCIPLED LEVEL Orientation Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT… Moral Implications of SOGIE bill… OVER-ALL EVALUATION Take a stand! Imagine the Philippines 20 years after SOGIE Bill has been implemented. THANK YOU!