Unit-5: Planning of Public Building PDF

## Unit-5: Planning of Public Building ### 5.1 Public Buildings Planning of public buildings are Lapon nature and require building to the functions of each element in building. First, the building is categorized and then using principles of planning and bye-laws they are planned. There are no hard...

## Unit-5: Planning of Public Building ### 5.1 Public Buildings Planning of public buildings are Lapon nature and require building to the functions of each element in building. First, the building is categorized and then using principles of planning and bye-laws they are planned. There are no hard and fast rules to ascertain the dimensions of each unit in these buildings. But minimum dimensions are needed to be fixed on the basis of space needs, thermal comfort, light ring, ventilation requirement etc. of that unit. The site of various units depends upon the function of that unit. As per the national building code of India-2005, buildings are classified based on occupancies as follows: - **Group A:** Residential building - **Group B:** Educational building - **Group C:** Institutional building - **Group D:** Assembly building - **Group E:** Business building - **Group F:** Merchandise building - **Group G:** Industrial building - **Group H:** Storage building - **Group I:** Hazardous building ### Key Takeaways Planning of public buildings are Lapon nature and require building to the functions of each element in building. First, the building is categorized and then using principles of planning and bye-laws they are planned. There are no hard and fast rules to ascertain the dimensions of each unit in these buildings. But minimum dimensions are needed to be fixed on the basis of space needs, thermal comfort, light ring, ventilation requirement etc. of that unit. ### 5.2 Functional Requirement and Dimensioning and Planning of Public Buildings #### 1) Industrial Building "Industrial Building" refers to a building or part thereof wherein products or material are fabricated, assembled or processed, such as assembly plants, laboratories, power plants, refineries, gas plants, mills, dairies, and factories. ##### Functional requirement for industrial building: This functional requirement for industrial building is as follows: - Main factory - Office and administration, Library - Store for raw materials - Store for finished goods - Laboratory - Research and Development - Restaurant - Parking space and cycle stand - Circulation space #### 2) Commercial Building The requirement of commercial buildings are as follows: - Entrance - Cubicles - Restaurant - Rest and recreation room - Sanitary block | Description | Male | Female | | :--------------- | :--- | :----- | | Entrance | 1.2m | | | Cubicles | | 4-6 m² | | Restaurant | | | | Rest and recreation room | | | | Sanitary block | | | #### 3) School and Colleges This includes primary, secondary, arts, commerce, science, and law colleges, technical, medical, and agricultural colleges or institutes. The following plants are to be considered for planning. - **Class rooms and library** should be Northern aspect. - **The principal office** should be close to administrative departments and near to the entrance. - **The layout of buildings** may be L, B and E type. - **Sanitary blocks and water taps** should be placed in each wing in such a manner that they are easily accessible to all units. - **Other important units** like, assembly hall, gymnasium, library, common room, staff room, playground etc. must be provided with codal provision for various units. According to IS: 8827-1978, units must be provided. ##### Building for Education: This includes primary and secondary schools, arts, science, commerce, and law colleges; technical, medical, and agricultural colleges or institutions. The units required are- - **Entrance or reception** 10-20 mm² - **Office and Administrative block** 20-40 mm² - **Classrooms students below 10** Area 1-1.2/student | Years | Students above 10 years | General sizes | Area 1.2-1.5m²/student | | :--------------------- | :----------------------- | :---------------- | :----------------------- | | | | 4.5m x 6m | | | | | 5.5m x 6.5m | | | | | 6.0m x 7.2m | | | | | 7.0 x 10.0m | | | **Teachers room** | | 14 m² | | | **Drawing halls** | | Area 3-4m²/student | | | **Laboratories** | | Area 3-4m²/student | | | **Assembly hall** | | Area0.5-0.6m²/student | | #### 4) Hostels The following functional requirements for hostels need to be met: - **Entrance** 3 m wide - **Rooms** | Rooms | Area | Size | | :--------------- | :------- | :------------- | | Single seated | 9.3 m²/head | 3m x 3.1m | | Two seated | 7.5 m²/head | 3.5m x 4m | | Three seated | 7 m²/head | 4.2m x 5m | - **Circulation** 1-2m wide - **Recreation hall** #### 5) Dining hall - 2-3 m²/head #### 6) Kitchen - 3-4 m²/head #### 7) Pantry - 2m x 3m #### 8) Store - 2.75m x 3m #### 9) Parking space and cycle stand #### 10) Public telephone #### 11) Sanitary block | Description | Male | Female | | :---------- | :--- | :----- | | WC | 1 for 10 | 1 for 8 | | Bath | 1 for 10 | 1 for 10 | | Urinals | 1 for 25 | | | Wash basins | 1 for 10 | 1 for 10 | #### 5) Auditorium The requirements for an Auditorium building are as follows: - **Entrance for Foyer** 3 m wide - **Auditorium Area** | Volume | 0.8-1 m² chair | 3.5-4.3m²/chair | | :----------- | :-------------- | :---------------- | | One door for 200 persons | | | #### 6) Restaurant/Hotel building - **Store** 12 m² ##### Requirements of Restaurant/hotel building are as follows: - **Entrance and reception** - **Waiting hall** - **Dining** 2.3 m² #### 7) Primary Health Center/Hospital These include dispensaries, health centers, and hospitals. ##### Dispensary: - **Entrance and waiting space** 2 m wide - **Doctor's room** 2.75m x 4m ##### Health Center: - **Entrance and waiting space** 3m x 3.6m - **Doctor's room** 3m x 4m - **Examination room** 4m x 5.5m - **Operation theatre** - **Circulation space** - **Wards: Maternity, General** 8 x 10m²/head - **Medical store** 3.5m x 4.75m - **Office** 12 m² - **Laboratory** 15 m² - **Parking space** - **Family planning unit** - **Residence:** | Residence | | | :-------- | : | | Doctor | 60-90 m² | | Servants | 40-60 m² | #### 8) Shopping complex/Sports complex ##### Fig. 5.2: Line plan of sports complex - **Entrance** - **Stalls** - 2.52m x 4m - 2m x 5m - 2.5m x 5m - **Cold room** 3m x 4.5m #### 9) Vegetable Market ##### Fig. 5.3: Line plan of vegetable market - **Entrance** - **Stalls** Generally open space #### 10) Post office ##### Fig. 5.3: Line plan of vegetable market - **Circulation space** - Corridors, staircase, lift etc. - **Parking space and cycle stand** According to utility for public - **Parking space for trucks** According to utility - **Space for collection of garbage** According to utility - **office** According to utility - **Sanitary block** According to utility #### 11) Bank ##### Fig. 5.4: Line plan of post office - **Entrance and moving space by the side of counters** 2m wide minimum - **Counters:** - **Height** 1.6m-1.8m - **Width** 0.4m-0.8m #### 12) ##### Fig. 5.5: Line plan of bank - **Working space behind counters** 3m wide - **Agent's room** 9m² - **Cashier's room** 1.5m x 1.5m - **Safe deposit lockers** - ** Sanitary block for office staff/officers** #### Key Takeaways Functioning requirements, dimensions, and planning of various public buildings are discussed above. This document also covers the key points of planning for various buildings like Schools, Commercial buildings, hostel, Auditorium, industrial building, Primary health center, shopping complex, Sports complex, Vegetable market, Post office etc.