Question 3 - Short Answer 2023 Past Paper PDF

Question 3- Short Answer Monday, 14 October 2024 08:49 Write brief notes on any FIVE of the following questions 2023 How would a health promoter, trained in Aotearoa New Zealand, explain the concept ○ Health encompasses feeling well in both body and mind, staying connected to ot...

Question 3- Short Answer Monday, 14 October 2024 08:49 Write brief notes on any FIVE of the following questions 2023 How would a health promoter, trained in Aotearoa New Zealand, explain the concept ○ Health encompasses feeling well in both body and mind, staying connected to ot New Zealand, wellbeing, or hauora, is a Māori concept that reflects a holistic vie dimensions, often likened to the walls of a house: physical, mental, spiritual, and environment have been recognized as essential components of health. For an in these dimensions must be in balance. Explain the upstream- downstream concept in health and wellbeing context, with an e ○ The upstream-downstream concept is used to describe different levels of interve to actions that address the root causes of health issues (e.g., social, economic, a "downstream" focuses on treatment or management after a problem has occurr for affordable housing (upstream) can reduce homelessness, which in turn decre conditions like respiratory diseases (downstream). ○ It emphasizes the downward flow of influence, in which upstream determinants influence and regulate events at lower levels of organisation What are they key elements of the health promotion planning and evaluation planning ○ The health promotion planning and evaluation cycle includes: 1. Needs Assessment: Identifying the health needs and priorities of the comm 2. Goal Setting: Defining clear objectives for the promotion. 3. Planning: Designing strategies and interventions to achieve the goals. 4. Implementation: Putting the plan into action. 5. Evaluation: Monitoring and assessing the effectiveness of the program to Describe the importance of whakawhanaungatanga/ building relationships in the healt ○ Whakawhanaungatanga, or building relationships, is crucial in health promotion collaboration, especially in Māori and Pacific communities. It helps create a shar initiatives are culturally appropriate and community-driven, increasing their effe What are the advantages and disadvantages of a community development approach in ○ Advantages: § Empowers the community to take ownership of their health. § Tailors health interventions to specific local needs. § Enhances community capacity and social cohesion.  of health to a lay person? thers, and having a sense of purpose in life. In ew of health. It is represented by four key d family well-being. Recently, the land and ndividual to experience true wellbeing, all of example ention in health promotion. "Upstream" refers and environmental factors), while red. For example, encouraging policy changes eases hospital admissions for related health s at the environmental and societal levels g cycle? munity. make necessary adjustments. th promotion process. n because it fosters trust, engagement, and red sense of purpose and ensures that health ectiveness. n health promotion?  What are the advantages and disadvantages of a community development approach in ○ Advantages: § Empowers the community to take ownership of their health. § Tailors health interventions to specific local needs. § Enhances community capacity and social cohesion. ○ Disadvantages: § Requires substantial time and resources. § Outcomes may be difficult to measure. § Community priorities may conflict with public health goals. Describe how health equity could be incorporated into health promotion planning ○ Health equity in health promotion ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity could be incorporated by: § Prioritizing interventions for disadvantaged or marginalized populations. § Reducing barriers to accessing health services (e.g., cost, transportation). § Tailoring messages and programs to be culturally relevant and linguisticall Identify and describe ONE behaviour change theory used in health promotion ○ The Health Belief Model (HBM) is commonly used in health promotion. It posits health behaviours if they perceive a health threat (e.g., feeling susceptible to illn outweigh the barriers, and feel confident in their ability to take action. What important ethical principles underpin health promotion practice? ○ Autonomy: Respecting individuals' rights to make informed decisions. ○ Beneficence: Acting in the best interest of individuals and communities. ○ Justice: Ensuring fair and equitable access to health resources. ○ Non-maleficence: Doing no harm in the course of promoting health. Social gradient ○ The poorest of the poor, around the world, have the worst health. Within count lower an individual's socioeconomic position the worse their health. There is a s bottom of the socioeconomic spectrum. This is a global phenomenon, seen in lo social gradient in health means that health inequalities affect everyone Define the determinants of health ○ "The range of personal, social, economic and environmental factors which deter populations" ○ The social determinants of health are the circumstances in which people are bor systems put in place to deal with illness. These circumstances are in turn shaped policies, and politics ○ What should we do? CSDH 3 overreaching recommendations: § Improve daily living conditions § Tackle the unequal distribution of power, money and resources § Measure and understand the problem and assess the impact of action ○ How would we talk about the social determinants? § Language like social determinants of health does not seem to resonate wit n health promotion? to achieve their highest level of health. This ly accessible. s that people are more likely to engage in ness), believe the benefits of the action tries, the evidence shows that in general the social gradient in health that runs from top to ow, middle and high income countries. The rmine the health status of individuals or rn, grow up, live, work and age, and the d by a wider set of forces: economics, social th lay people and politicians (especially