Unit 4 Cardiovascular System PDF

Terms related to Cardiovascular System  Organs of Cardiovascular System Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins Functions of Cardiovascular (CV) System Distribute blood to all areas of body Delivery of needed substances to cells Removal of wastes Internal view of the heart illustrating the...

Terms related to Cardiovascular System  Organs of Cardiovascular System Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins Functions of Cardiovascular (CV) System Distribute blood to all areas of body Delivery of needed substances to cells Removal of wastes Internal view of the heart illustrating the heart chambers, heart layers, and major blood vessels associated with the heart  Heart Layers Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium Inner layer Middle layer Outer layer Lines heart Thick muscle Forms the chambers Contraction of visceral layer of Smooth, thin this layer pericardial sac layer that develops the Fluid between reduces friction pressure layers of as the blood required to pericardial sac passes through pump blood reduces friction heart chambers through blood as heart beats vessels  Cardiovascular Combining Forms angi/o vessel aort/o aorta arteri/o artery ather/o fatty substance atri/o atrium cardi/o heart  Cardiovascular Combining Forms coron/o heart hemangi/o blood vessel phleb/o vein sphygm/o pulse steth/o chest thromb/o clot  Cardiovascular Combining Forms valv/o valve valvul/o valve vascul/o blood vessel vas/o vessel, duct ven/o vein ventricul/o ventricle The conduction system of the heart An electrocardiogram (ECG) wave  Word Building with angi/o –gram angiogram record of a vessel –itis angiitis inflammation of a vessel –plasty angioplasty surgical repair of vessel involuntary muscle –spasm angiospasm contraction in a vessel –stenosis angiostenosis narrowing of a vessel Word Building with ather/o & atri/o surgical removal of fatty –ectomy atherectomy substance fatty substance –oma atheroma tumor/growth –al atrial pertaining to the atrium pertaining to between the inter– –al interatrial atrium  Word Building with cardi/o –ac cardiac pertaining to the heart brady– –ia bradycardia state of slow heart electr/o – record of heart’s electrocardiogram gram electricity –megaly cardiomegaly enlarged heart pertaining to heart my/o –al myocardial muscle –ologist cardiologist heart specialist –rrhexis cardiorrhexis ruptured heart tachy– –ia tachycardia state of fast heart  Word Building with coron/o, phleb/o, and vascul/oc –ary coronary pertaining to the heart –itis phlebitis inflammation of a vein pertaining to a blood –ar vascular vessel Word Building with ven/o & ventricul/o –ous venous pertaining to veins –ule venule small vein –gram venogram record of a vein –ar ventricular pertaining to ventricles pertaining to between inter– –ar interventricular ventricles  Cardiovascular Vocabulary branch of medicine for diagnosis and treatment of cardiology cardiovascular disease; physician is a cardiologist local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to a ischemia circulatory obstruction abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or a murmur harsh click; also called a bruit palpitations pounding, racing heartbeats orthostatic sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up hypotension suddenly sphygmomanometer blood pressure cuff; measures blood pressure  Heart Pathology severe pain and sensation of angina pectoris constriction around heart arrhythmia irregularity in heartbeat cardiac arrest complete stopping of heart activity Myocardial disease (Heart muscles cardiomyopathy disease) congestive heart failure Left ventricle muscle is too weak to (CHF) efficiently pump blood  Heart Pathology poor blood supply to heart muscle coronary artery disease due to obstruction of coronary (CAD) arteries inflammation of lining membranes endocarditis of heart A heart attack (insufficient supply myocardial infarction (MI) of oxygenated blood to heart) inflammation of heart muscle myocarditis layer pericarditis inflammation of pericardial sac  Heart Pathology hypertension Increase in blood pressure hypotension decrease in blood pressure inflammation of vein resulting in blood thrombophlebitis clots within a vein thrombus blood clot within a blood vessel hardening & loss of elasticity of arterial arteriosclerosis walls  References Quick and Easy Medical Terminology, 7th Edition, Peggy C. Leonard, Elsevier, 2014. Page Number: 171-197.