Unit 3 History of Europe Study Guide PDF

Name _________________________ Test Date ______________ Study Guide Unit 3 The War Zones Cause – Effect - Outcomes Vocabulary  Depression – worldwide economic downturn – stated The Great Depression  WWI...

Name _________________________ Test Date ______________ Study Guide Unit 3 The War Zones Cause – Effect - Outcomes Vocabulary  Depression – worldwide economic downturn – stated The Great Depression  WWII: 1939-1945  Nazism – National Socialist party – said they could fix Germany’s problems – form of fascism  Fascism – strong central government controlled by military and led by a powerful dictator  Holocaust – Extermination of 6 million Jews and 5 million others – WWII  Cold War – period of distrust and misunderstanding between the Soviet Union and its former Allies in the west and the United States  Superpowers – Soviets and the United States have influence over world events  Reunification – Berlin Wall was torn down – Germany was unified – Soviet Republics starting to seek independence as well.  Genocide – the planned killing of a race of people  Berlin Wall – divided East and West Germany build by the communist party People You Should Know:  Mussolini – Italy’s fascist dictator during WWII  Hitler – Germany’s leader during WWII  Winston Churchill – England’s leader during WWII  Ronald Reagan – United States president during Cold War  Mikhail Gorbachev – Soviet Union leader during Cold War  Things You Should Know:  Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand sparked WWI  Treaty of Versailles – ended WWI – Germany had to pay reparations, had territorial losses, had military restrictions and the war guilt clause  Since Hitler wanted more living space for Germans - he set up concentration camps  The attack on Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941) caused the U.S. to enter WWII  As a result of the Holocaust, the United Nations created Israel as a Jewish state and Nazi leaders were put on trial for war crimes.  In the 1930s, the economic downturn was called THE GREAT DEPRERSSION  Unemployment went as high as 25%.  The following factors led to Hitler’s rise in power:  The Great Depression  He restored Germany’s pride after the right end of WWI and the Versailles Treaty which included:  High reparations payments  War Guilt Clause  Loss of territory and resources  Reduced Army  The Marshall Plan was set up to help Western Europe recover from the war  April 1949 – NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization – Western European countries formed the alliance because they were worried.  The dividing line between eastern (communist) and western (noncommunist) areas is referred to as the Iron Curtain. Each “side” is referred to as the Western Bloc and Eastern Bloc  A Superpower is one that has influence over world events, a seat on the UN Security Council and has spy networks  The downfall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and democracies taking over former Communist countries are factors that led to the end of the Cold War   The U.S. -- MARKET economy and a DEMOCRATIC form of government  The Soviet Union -- COMMAND economy and a COMMUNIST form of government  The U.S. and Soviet Union became enemies because the world took sides – Democratic nations were on the side of the U.S. and Communist nations were on the side of the Soviet Union  Three major outcomes of the stock market crash of 1929 were;  The Great Depression  Hitler’s rise to power  Hitler’s take-over German Invades Poland and Sparks the Beginning of WWII Allies Axis United States Germany Soviet Union Italy United Kingdom Japan France Types of Government Democratic Communist People can speak out against Controls all aspects of economy government Basic freedoms are limited Competition between business is Tells businesses what to produce encouraged United States Soviet Union 3rd largest country Largest country in the world 4th most populated country 2nd largest economy CIA KGB  Name _____________________ Date ___________ Per _____ 1. Write a 5-Word 1. Preexisting Prejudices Summary of Paragraph Before the Nazis came to power, there were 1. already some negative feelings towards Jewish people in Germany. Some people __________________________ wrongly believed that Jewish people were __________________________ responsible for many of the country’s __________________________ problems. These false beliefs are called __________________________ prejudices*. __________________________ 2. The Rise of Nazism 2. Write a 5-Word In the 1920s and 1930s, Germany was Summary of Paragraph struggling. They had lost World War I and 2. had to pay a lot of money to other countries. Many people were poor and didn’t have __________________________ jobs. Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party __________________________ promised to make Germany strong again. __________________________ They used the country’s problems to gain __________________________ support from the people. __________________________ prejudice* - 1. an opinion that is formed without knowing or understanding all the facts. 2. General bad treatment of a person or group without specific cause or reason.  3. Use of Propaganda Propaganda is like advertising, but it’s used to 3. Write a 5-Word Summary spread certain ideas. The Nazis used of Paragraph 3. propaganda to make people believe their ideas. __________________________ They made posters, movies, and speeches that __________________________ blamed Jewish people and other groups for __________________________ Germany’s problems. They also promised to fix __________________________ these problems if people supported them. __________________________ 4. Events Leading to the Holocaust 4. Write a 5-Word Once the Nazis were in power, they started Summary of Paragraph 4. passing laws that took away the rights of __________________________ Jewish people. They forced Jewish people to __________________________ live in separate areas called ghettos. During __________________________ World War II, the Nazis decided to kill all the __________________________ Jewish people in Europe. This terrible event is ________________________ called the Holocaust. Millions of Jewish people, along with others the Nazis didn’t like, were 5. Write a 5-Word killed in concentration camps. Summary of Paragraph 5. __________________________ 5. Summary __________________________ The rise of Nazism was due to existing __________________________ prejudices, the use of propaganda to spread __________________________ hateful ideas, and the difficult times in __________________________ Germany. This led to the Holocaust, where millions of innocent people were killed.