MLT 140: Introduction to Microbiology Study Guide PDF

MLT 140: Introduction to Microbiology Module 1 Study Guide 1. State the name of the organization that regulates employee safety. 2. State measures that employers must mandate to ensure safety to their employees. 3. List types of PPE used...

MLT 140: Introduction to Microbiology Module 1 Study Guide 1. State the name of the organization that regulates employee safety. 2. State measures that employers must mandate to ensure safety to their employees. 3. List types of PPE used in microbiology. 4. Recognize possible ways that an employee can acquire an infection in the laboratory. 5. State the name of the mask that is used by a phlebotomist entering a patient’s room thought to have tuberculosis. 6. State the requirements for a room used to process specimens that are being tested for tuberculosis. 7. State the uses of each of the biological safety cabinets and what types of organisms are used in each. 8. Define laminar flow. 9. Identify the type of cabinet most used in microbiology laboratories. 10. Identify the type of cabinet that: a. Sterilizes only exhausted air b. Air exhausted to the outside c. Sterilizes incoming and outgoing air 11. Identify the type of work performed in each of the biosafety levels. 12. Define the following terms: a. Mycology b. Parasitology c. Virology d. Serology 13. Define the following terms: a. Sterilization b. Disinfection c. Antiseptic d. Bacteriostatic  e. Bactericidal 14. State the type of decontamination procedure that would be used for each of the following: a. Venipuncture site for a blood culture collection b. Venipuncture site for blood collection for a CBC c. Surgical instruments d. Laboratory counter tops 15. List the factors that affect the degree of killing of an organism. 16. State the required criteria for each of the following methods to attain optimal results: a. Boiling water b. Autoclaving c. Dry heat d. Pasteurization 17. Differentiate flash pasteurization and batch pasteurization. 18. State the pore size required for removing viruses, bacteria, yeast, and mold from the air. 19. Name the method used to sterilize plastics. 20. Identify the physical methods that destroy spores. 21. Identify each of the following as bactericidal or bacteriostatic. 22. Name the chemical group of which iodine and chlorine is a member. 23. State the mode of action of each of the following types of chemicals. a. Halogens b. Ethylene oxide gas c. Quaternary ammonium compounds d. Alcohols e. Phenolic compounds 24. Name a sporicidal compound used to disinfect large rooms and laboratory instruments. 25. Name a mild oxidizing agent frequently used as an antiseptic. 26. State the chemical group that each of the following are a member of: a. Cidex  b. Hypochlorite 27. What Kingdom are bacteria classified as? 28. Determine the order of nomenclature terms in microbiology from largest to smallest. 29. Define the following terms: a. Pathogen b. Normal flora c. True pathogen d. Opportunistic pathogen 30. Determine if the following is a direct or indirect route of infection: a. Congenital contact b. Sexual contact c. Tuberculosis d. Food e. Water f. Arthropods 31. Define fomite. 32. Identify the group of organisms found in each of the following cell types: a. Bacteria b. Algae, fungi, protozoa c. Bacteria that grow in extreme conditions 33. What is the difference between fermentation and respiration? 34. Identify the parts of a bacterial cell. 35. State the function of the following: a. Pili b. Fimbriae c. Capsule d. Cell wall 36. Name the three pathways that break down glucose. 37. What are the nutritional requirements for the bacterial cell? 38. List and describe the bacterial toxins and what each do. 39. What is the difference between the cell walls of gram positive and gram negative bacteria? 40. What organisms have no cell wall? 41. What type of cell wall do mycobacteria have? 42. Name the statin used to detect bacteria with a high lipid content. 43. Identify the content of the waxy layer of acid fast bacteria. 44. Identify the different shapes and gram stain reactions of bacteria. 45. List the stains in order used in the gram stain. 46. State the function of each of the stains used to gram stain. 47. What color do gram positive bacteria stain? 48. What color do gram negative bacteria stain? 49. For each of the errors below, determine the result of each: a. Excessive and forceful washing of the slide after the crystal violet step b. Decolorizer not washed off c. Decolorizing a very thick specimen for 2 seconds d. Excessive heat e. Not heat fixing f. Unlabeled slide 50. What is the purpose of heat fixing the slide? 51. What is the difference between the hot and cold methods used in acid fast staining? 52. What type of fluorescent stain is used for the following? a. Fungi b. Cell wall deficient bacteria c. Acid fast bacteria d. Corynebacterium diphtheriae 53. State the name of the negative stain. What organism is it used for? 54. What does a positive result for each of the following look like? a. Acridine orange  b. Calcofluor white c. Methylene blue d. India ink e. Auramine rhodamine f. Fluorescein conjugated stain 55. Describe collection requirements for the following types of cultures: a. Throat b. Nasopharyngeal c. Sputum d. Urine e. Wound f. Stool g. CSF h. Genital i. Blood 56. Name a type of transport media. 57. How is a direct examination of a specimen performed? 58. What is the purpose of avoiding normal flora when collecting cultures? 59. Classify each of the following types of media as nutrient, enrichment, selective, or differential (some may be more than one type): a. Blood agar b. Chocolate agar c. CAN d. EMB e. MAC f. HE g. Mannitol Salt 60. Which of the above types of agar plates will grow gram positive, gram negative, or both? 61. List the requirements for proper growth of bacteria for each:  a. Temperature b. pH c. moisture d. plate position e. time 62. Define the following terms: a. Microaerophilic b. Facultative anaerobes c. Anaerobes d. Aerobes e. Capnophilic 63. What does each of the following types of hemolysis look like? a. Beta b. Alpha c. Gamm d. Alpha prime 64. What type of agar is hemolysis determined from? 65. Describe the bacterial streaking method. 66. What is the difference between: a. Aerobes and anaerobes b. Facultative and obligate c. Mesophilic and thermophilic 67. State the types of automated identification systems used in microbiology. 68. State the types of agglutination tests. 69. Describe the nucleic acid probe test and its purpose.