CLT 208 Exam 5 Study Guide PDF

SUNY Broome Community College Pathogenic Microbiology CLT 208 Study Guide Exam Five Lesson...

SUNY Broome Community College Pathogenic Microbiology CLT 208 Study Guide Exam Five Lesson Thirteen: Mycology 1. Submit the completed Study Chart for Fungi. 2. List the general characteristics of fungi. mushrooms, yeasts, molds, rusts, and smuts 3. List the characteristics of mold. Dry, fluffy, cottony, filamentous, woolly colonies 4. List the characteristics of yeast. single celled, Smooth Colonies, Aerosolize 5. What populations are most susceptible to fungal infections? debliated Patients 6. What are the challenges in treating fungal infections? very fastidious, cultures in 4 - 6 weeks, Antifungals don't work 7. List the specimens we can collect for fungal infections and describe the proper collection method. Skin Scraping - Scrap sterile scalpel blade on infected skin. Respiratory Specimen - Sputum coughed up. Hair, Nail, Biopsy edge of lesion. 8. What precautions need to be taken by laboratory professionals when working with fungal infections? Inhalation and Contact 9. List the type of direct exams/stains are used.KOH Prep - examine for fungal element in patient Lactophenol cotton blue - Stains Chitin in cell wall Calcofluor White - Fluorescent, stain cell wall Gram Stain - Stain yeasts and hyphal element Giemsa stain & H&E stain - Used on tissue & respiratory specimen 10. List the culture conditions and timeframes for fungal cultures. Enriched media used and incubated at 25C to 30C with humidity, molds grow at 25C and Yeasts at 37C 11. What other identification techniques exist? India Ink prep - yeasts appear as bright spots 12. List the unique mold and/or yeast form for each of the fungal species in the subcutaneous and systemic mycoses. Sporotrichosis - yeast Chromoblastomycosis - yeast Histoplasma capsulatum - Mold Lesson Fourteen: Parasitology Coccidioides immitis - Mold Blastomyces dermatitidis - Mold Paracoccidioides brasiliensis - Mold 13. Submit the completed Study Chart for Parasites. 14. List all of the ways parasites enter the body. Ingestion, Insect Vector, Skin penetration 15. In your own words, explain organotrophism. organisms have specific areas where they migrate to and mature 16. List the general characteristics of parasitic infections? Sputum - Sputum coughed up in morning into specimen cup after brushing Eosinophilia, Cyclical, Chronic, Exogeneous Source. teeth 17. What specimens are collected and what is the proper collection method? Urine - Urine collected in cup Tissue Biopsy - circular hole punches into skin and take specimen Skin Scraping - Scrap surface of skin near infection with sterile scalple Blood - Blood is taken in a tube and tested 18. In your own words, describe the difference between the troph form and cyst form of parasites. The troph describes the texture and the cyst describes the inside of the parasite with nuclei amount & What it looks like Lesson Fifteen: Virology 19. Submit the completed Study Chart for Viruses. 20. Describe the structure of viruses in general. viruses have a sphere shape with DNA or RNA strand, membrane, capsid is almost like the plasma and the envelope is the outside of the virus 21. In your own words, explain how we classify viruses. we classify viruses based on it's structure, Nucleic acid type and if it has an envelope 22. Describe the ways we diagnose viral infections. we diagnose viral infection based on it's culture, CPE, testing, detecting antigens and detection of virus under microscope 23. Explain the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift. Antigenic Drift is slight changes on surface of influenza virus, and antigenic shift is periodic major changes on surface 24. How do influenza pandemics form? In what host? influenza pandemics form when there is a change in disease patterns and it targets the general population 25. List each of the organisms found in the Herpesviridae family and provide the location where they remain dormant. Herpes Simplex I (HSV1) - Sites above waist Herpes Simplex II (HSV2) - Sexually Transmitted Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) - Chicken Pox skin Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Sexually Transmitted congenital disease 26. Describe the structure of a prion. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) - Lymphocyte B Roseola Virus (HHV6) - Infants protein that is misfolded with no nucleic acid 27. Compare and contrast prions and viruses. The similarities between the two are that they both infect the host and the differences is that prions lack nucleic acid and viruses have one. Viruses also are primary RNA strands