Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics PDF

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics ▪ Culture- It is defined as the custom beliefs, social forms, and traits that defines a specific racial, religious or social group ▪ Culture refers to how people behave and interact with one another within social institutions....

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics ▪ Culture- It is defined as the custom beliefs, social forms, and traits that defines a specific racial, religious or social group ▪ Culture refers to how people behave and interact with one another within social institutions. ▪ United States- people shakes hands to greet one another. ▪ France-common type of greeting is cheek kissing. ▪ Korea-the traditional greeting is bow. ▪ Philippines- “pagmamano” or “mano”-a respectful gesture pressing the elders hand to the forehead Society-Comes from the Latin word “socius” which means comrade, companion or friend Pertains to a group of individuals involved in social interaction or sharing the same geographical or social territory Politics-Comes from the Greek word “Politika” which means affairs of the cities. -Refers to achieving and exercising positions of governance over a human community. TYPES OF CULTURE 1. Material Culture -it is a type of culture that are created by human person or is tangible. Examples are food, clothing and technology 2. Non-Material Culture- it is a type of culture that are being learned or observed by human. Examples are religions, folk behavior, gestures and customs. CULTURAL VARIATION ▪ Refers to the differences in social behavior that different culture exhibit around the world. 1. RELIGION- religare’ a Latin word – ‘to bind together It is a system of beliefs and practices as well as system of actions directed toward entities which are above men. Belief in a god or gods and the activities that are connected with this belief, such as praying or worshipping in a building such as a church or temple 2. ETHNICITY refers to a group of people who share a common history and culture. It sometimes (but not always) correlates to national origin  EXAMPLE: a person might be categorized as racially Asian and ethnically Chinese. 3. NATIONALITY- refers to citizenship in a particular country which also involves a legal and personal obligation to that country. Examples of Cultural Variation in Dress Style Philippines- Thailand- Indonesia Examples of Cultural Variation in Dances Philippines Malaysian Examples of Cultural Variation in Religion Examples of Cultural Variation in Formalities CATEGORIES OF CULTURAL VARIATION 1. Universal- are cultural traits that span across all cultures. 2. Generalities-re cultural traits that occur in many societies but not all of them. 3. Particularities- are cultural traits that are not prevalent but are instead confined with single place or culture. SOCIAL DIFFERENCES ▪ The differences among the individuals on the basis of social characteristics and qualities. ▪ Are the complex differences that includes class, role, culture, age, ability, sex etc. ▪ And it can create discrimination among individuals on the basis of their social characteristics. SOCIAL DIFFERENCES ❖ Gender ❖ Gender roles ❖ Socio-economic class ❖ Ethnicity ❖ race GENDER vs SEX Gender it is one's sense of self as masculine or feminine genitalia characteristics constructed personality regardless of external. Sex it is biological. It refers to a person based on their anatomy bodies. LGBTQi ❖ Lesbian - A woman who is emotionally, romantically, or sexually attracted to other women. ❖ Gay - Men attracted emotionally, romantically, and/or sexually to men. ❖ Bisexual - A person who is attracted to two sexes or two genders, but not necessarily simultaneously or equally. ❖ Transgender- (sometimes shortened to trans or TG) people are those whose psychological self ("gender identity") differs from the social expectations for the physical sex they were born with. ❖ Queer/Questioning-A person who is attracted to multiple genders. ❖ Intersex - Intersexuality is a set of medical conditions that feature congenital anomaly of the reproductive and sexual system