UCSP-Q1-WEEK1-D3.pdf

Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION SCHOO...

Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS First Quarter/ Week 1 / Day 3 What is It? Cultural variations, social differences and cultural changes that take place as time changes have significant implication in understanding the behavior and culture of different ethnic groups as well as the people in every country. Acknowledging the differences and acquiring the knowledge demonstrate curiosity and openness to explore the origins and dynamics of culture and society, and political identities. Moreover, it gives a clear vision of the modern society and how the culture, people and behavior have been modified but still create unified international understanding and sensitivity. Social Behavior and Phenomena are broad and complicated sociological concepts. These involve every event between at least two individuals and include all knowledge and experiences a person acquires in the entirety of his lifetime. Lesson Social, Political, and Cultural Behavior and Phenomena 2 Chapter 2: Social, Political, and Cultural Behavior and Phenomena Social behavior and phenomena are broad and complicated sociological concepts. These involve every event between at least two individuals and include all knowledge and experiences a person acquires in the entirety of his lifetime. Social phenomena are the individual, external, and social constructions that influence a person’s life and development. Social Behavior Definition and Phenomena It is the act of prohibiting the consumption of certain food and drinks. Some food may Food Taboo be prohibited during certain religious beliefs and periods (Lent, Ramadan) at certain stages of life (pregnancy, sickness), or to certain classes of people (priests, infants). Istambay (Bum) A Filipino term for “standby.” This refers to a person who has nothing to do, or who is jobless and lazy. Marriage It is the legal and formal union of a man and a woman as partners in a relationship. Political Behavior and Phenomena In sociology, political behavior and phenomena include events through which authority, governance, and public opinion are put into practice. A political behavior of a person or a group may be influenced by their political views, ideology, and levels of political participation. An obvious example of an act of political behavior is the act of voting. Political phenomena are not only limited to public office as this also include how institutions like school, a church, or companies are ran and governed. Political Behavior and Definition Phenomena Political Dynasty It is a term used in politics to refer to a family in which several members are involved in public governance. Political Candidate It is when a political candidate seeks the help of a well-known of influential Endorsement by a Celebrity in a campaign. Elections It is the formal and organized process of electing or being elected, especially of members of a political body or legislative. Cultural Behavior and Phenomena Also known as bandwagon effect, a cultural behaviour is that event when certain individuals behave a certain way merely because other persons do as well. Page 1  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ Cultural phenomena happen when something or someone gains widespread popularity. However, it is noteworthy that it is not the subject that is the cultural phenomena but rather a process of becoming famous. Interactions within Society The social, political, and cultural behavior and phenomena in the society are results of the interaction within society. People talk and share stories. People share ways of living among other things. People do things together and work for the attainment of the common good and social order. These behaviors, be they usual or not, are but a natural response to changes, and ideologies developing within society as a result of constant interactions between members of society. Cultural Behavior Definition and Phenomena Popularity (Fan Base) Popularity is the state of being liked, admired, or supported by many people. Formation of fan bases is clear manifestation of popularity. Social Media Buzz Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are social networking sites where many people are members and interact with other members through information, picture, music, and video sharing. Deviance is also seen as a form of Power Struggle. Determining what is deviant and what is not is closely tied with the existing power structures of a society. It is divided into two types: Formal Deviance includes actions that violated the enacted laws such as robbery, theft, graft, rape and other forms of criminality. Informal Deviance refers to violations to social norms that are not codified into laws such as picking one’s nose, belching loudly, or spitting on the streets, among others. II. PICTURE TELL Deviance describes an action or behavior that violates social norms, including a formally enacted rule (e.g., crime, as well informal violations of social norms (e.g. reacting folkways and mores. Evaluate the deviance behavior portrayed in the picture and justify whether you think it is good or bad. Page 2  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ Try This! DIRECTIONS: Identify the cultural elements in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao CULTURE LUZON VISAYAS MINDANAO LANGUAGE RELIGION FOOD MUSICAL INSTRUMENT DANCE SONG HOLIDAY & CEREMONY COSTUME TRADITIONS SPORTS ACTIVITY 2 The teacher will give the following guide questions: 1. What place have you visited? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. What you observed, as to: a. Place b. People c. Behavior d. Language e. Life style f. Beliefs? 3. What are the things you like and dislike about the place? 4. How their practices differ to your way of living? Observation Exercise: During the enhance community quarantine in your barangay how did the people conduct themselves. Take note of the unwritten rules of decorum and propriety. Avoid being observed by those you are observing, otherwise, you may not get data you are looking for. Write down in your observation notebook. Lesson Social, Political, and Cultural Change 3 Social, Political, and Cultural Change Social change is the transformation of social institutions over time. Cultural change, on the other hand, is the transformation of culture or the way people live. ▪ Communication is a vital human process. Through communication, people exchange information and thoughts. ▪ Unlike in the older times, communication made easier. ▪ Nowadays, people can share information in just a click. New media – social networking, texting (text messaging), through e-mail, and the likes – have defied time and distance. ▪ While it makes the world as if borderless, this form of communication may produce individuals who lack the basic understanding of direct and personal connection. Transnational Families ▪ A transnational family is where one parent, or in some cases parents, lives and works in another country while the children remain in their country of origin. ▪ While these families remain secured financially, its members are also exposed to its setbacks. ▪ Children who become overly unsupervised find themselves meeting up with peer pressure, over independence, and lack of family orientation. These may result in alcohol or drug abuse, unwanted pregnancy, mood swings, or early marriage. Political change happens when the rulers of a country lose power or when the type of governance in the country changes. Governance is the kind of system or ideology used to express authority in a country. It may be a democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, and others. Page 3  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ Local public services are provided by the government to people living within its jurisdiction, either directly (through the public sector) or by financing provision of services. Youth Volunteerism Volunteerism is the use or involvement of a volunteer or free labor in community services. Mechanisms of Changes There are different mechanisms or tools of social and cultural changes. Diffusion is the process through which the cultural traits of one society are borrowed, transmitted, and adopted by another one and considered as its own. Examples: ▪ Migration ▪ Globalization Invention is the process whereby new cultural elements are created to solve social and cultural problems. Example: Internet Discovery is the process whereby we recognize or gain a better understanding of already existing elements present in the environment. Example: Scientific Research Changes within Society Change is said to be constant. It is inevitable. It is expected to happen. No one can stop it. But the big question is what makes it happen. Of course, there are many factors-social, political, or cultural. Along with time, people, environment, and ideologies change. People move in and move out. People live and die. People’s stories and experiences change. People make discoveries and innovations. Environment change as well-nature, water, earth minerals, climate, seasons, sources of raw materials, and energy. New knowledge replaces the old ones. Slavery has been banned. Civil rights are granted to those who were once deprived of it. Same-sex marriage is in its worldwide recognition. Everything changes. Nothing is permanent but change, so they say. And all these contribute significantly to changes people experience socially, politically, and culturally. Do This! Picture Perfect DIRECTIONS: Using the Venn Diagram SOCIAL POLITICS CULTURES Write in your notebook of what have you observed during the Covid 19 Pandemic case situation in the Philippines? Try This Activity Activity: Identify at least 5 social, cultural, political change in your Barangay during Enhance Community Quarantine. Social Change Cultural Change Political Change 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. Page 4  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ 3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. 5. 5. 5. Lesson The Study on Culture, Society and Politics 4 Answer through a short essay the guide question at the beginning of lesson 4 to evaluate your understanding of this lesson. Guide Question How do Social forces influence the life of the members of society? In what ways can social actors benefit from the operations of these social forces? Which among the social forces are sociological, cultural and political? Topics to be discussed in this Lessons are: 1. Social Forces that shape the life chances of the actors. 2. The forms of social forces within the purview of sociology, anthropology, and political science. 3. The cultural bases of social behavior. 4. The role of cultural and social diversities in promoting open mindedness about existing and emerging social identities. 5. Cultural idiosyncrasies and templates of cultural diversity. 6. The political nature of social change. 7. Social engagement, both personal and shared, as forms of social activism. 8. Advantages of Social change in the promotion of cultures and development of society. Lesson Pre-Test I. Identification 1. __________ Maps the various social forces that shape individual actions and social interactions. 2. According to __________, social differentiation is a normal features of every known culture in the world. 3. Cultural idiosyncrasies are perfect examples of the concept. 4. This social science discipline takes account of the “equal but different ways” of how people live in the world. 5. A social science discipline that problematizes the unjust results of the exercise of power and not the arrangements of power relations itself however unequal. The Study on Culture, Society, and Politics The Study on Culture, Society, and Politics is the subject of Anthropology, society is for sociology, while politics is for political science. These are disciplines of the social sciences. The very goal of these disciplines is to prepare people for active and responsible civic engagement through the development of critical thought. Exposure to these areas of discipline necessarily exposes its learners to the following: ▪ social diversity and inequality, ▪ self-reflective knowledge and practice, ▪ appreciation of complexity, and ▪ advocacy for social change and order. Anthropology is the study of humans and their society in the past and present. Dealing with what makes us human, anthropology delves in objects and materials we have created, our interconnectedness and adaptability with environment, our lifestyle, our modes of communication, and our understanding of the world around us. The Goals of Anthropology: describe and analyze the biological evolution of mankind, describe and assess the cultural development of our species, describe, explain, and analyze the present-day human cultural similarities and differences describe and explain human biological diversity today. Political Science Page 5  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ Political science is a social science discipline that deals with systems of government, and the analysis of political activities and political behavior. Primarily, it helps people gain an understanding on “who gets what, when they get it, and how they get it.” Political science helps us understand politics, political institutions and behavior, public policy, and philosophical concepts, such as justice, equality, fairness, and liberty; and on how the said subject matters affect economy, public and private life, law, and public services. The Goals of Political Science: be immersed in current affairs, build an understanding on the local, national, and international politics, learn how political activities are organized in and out of our country, provide substantially critical and scientific contribution to government and society. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. This social sciences discipline mainly focuses on society—its functions, its members, and its diversity. Specifically, sociology tackles the basic unit of the society—the family; the functionality and relevance of state as an important human institution; social issues on religion, crime, race, social class; and the stability and instability of societies. The Goals of Sociology: understand ourselves better, build a better understanding of mankind help with decision-making, both our own and that of larger organizations, gather systematic information from which to make a decision, provide insights into what is going on in a situation, and present alternatives Anthropology and Sociology Humans are interesting subjects for a study. The human story has a lot to say from their way of living to the associations they form. The two interrelated scientific studies of society and colloquially known as the twin social sciences are anthropology and sociology. Anthropology ▪ Anthropology is the study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments. Communicate, and socialize with one another. ▪ Anthropology provides us with a big picture of what it means to be human. ▪ The study of anthropology is concerned with the biological features that make us human (such as physiology, genetic makeup, nutritional history, and evaluation) and with social aspects (such as language, culture, politics, family, and religion). Sociology ▪ Sociology is the study of human institutions and their relationships. This social sciences discipline examines how human actions in modern societies are shaped by social groups and by wider social, economic and political pressures. ▪ Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state, from the divisions of race and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from social stability to radical change in whole societies. Anthropological and Sociological Perspective on Culture and Society In sociology, society is the leading concept while culture is subordinate. In anthropology, on the other hand, culture comes first as a subject matter followed only by society. Let us put the two concepts this way Sociology Anthropology Society is a community or group of individuals A culture is a way of life of a group of joined together because of sustained bond and individuals. Its subjects include symbols, interaction. Its subjects include origin, language, values and norms. According to existence, and relationships of groups or many anthropologist, a culture can be defined institutions within communities of people. as a set of learned behavior and beliefs that characterized a group of people. Page 6  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ ▪ When talking about culture, we are talking about things that are tangible, almost like objects. They are our language, our technology, and our institutions- things like our churches, our schools, or even our houses. ▪ However, culture is also intangible; it is our values and our behaviors. Our culture includes our norms, the standards or rules of acceptable behavior. ▪ Culture is what makes society “them.” It gives a community the form, shape, or identity. ▪ Society, sociologically speaking, is the people living and interacting with one another to create a culture. Its population bonded together by their shared beliefs, attitudes, languages, and institutions; in other words, by their culture. Society and Culture as a Complex Whole Edward B. Tylor defined culture as “that complex whole which includes knowledge, art, belief, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” Critical thinking activity: Me and My Social Map As a Student, List down five important traits of you as a person. Link each ways to societal, cultural, and political forces. Evaluate yourself if those traits are being practice in times of crisis in your community. ESSAY: Considering that if you posted something on facebook, you’re waiting for responses from the reader. Can an open letter of complaint Posted on Facebook bring about social change? If so, enumerate ways on how it can be seen in a social discussion for change. Activities: Picture Analysis Picture #1 Picture #2 Essay: In a two-paragraph essay, describe your feelings toward a specific Network (example ABS-CBN, GMA and TV 5) State why you like or dislike them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 7  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ Questions To Ponder Answer this in your Note Book. 1. Based on the collected data, how diverse are you as a class? 2. Why do you need to know others? 3. Why do labelling of people based according to their differences? 4. What are some of the driving forces of culture change in the world today? 5. In your own opinion, how do Anthropology, Political Science and Sociology help in your understanding of Society, Culture, and Politics? Module Recap Quiz I. MULTIPLE CHOICES: Read and understand the statements below. Then choose and write the letter of the BEST answer on the answer sheet provided. 1. Which of the following is a social science discipline that problematizes the unjust results of the exercise power and not the arrangements of power relations itself however unequal? A. Anthropology B. Sociology C. Political Science D. Political Sociology 2. An organized group or groups of people who generally share a common territory, language and culture, and who act together for collective survival and well-being is called __________. A. Culture B. Politics C. Society D. Sociology 3. A socially constructed characteristic of being male or female is termed as _________. A. Gender B. Ethnicity C. Exceptionality D. Nationality 4. Which term refers to the variations or modifications in the patterns of social organization, of sub-groups, within a society, or the entire society itself? A. Anthropological change B. Cultural change C. Political change D. Social change 5. What do you called with the forms of behavior that are relatively set away from the norm? A. Deviance B. Phenomena C. Social control D. Taboo 6. Which of the following refers to the spread of culture traits from one group to another? A. Diffusion B. Discovery C. Invention D. Integration For items 7-10, apply what you have learned in culture, society, and politics as conceptual tools to develop specific behavior/phenomena. Choose your answer below and write only the letter of the correct answer. A. Food taboos B. Same-sex partnership C. Transnational families D. Video gaming E. Youth volunteerism Page 8  Module Code: Pasay –UCSP-Q1- W1-D3 Name:_______________________________________ Strand:_____________________ 7. Members of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church are strongly prohibited from eating pork and food with blood, as well as from smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages. 8. Michael almost missed the chance to finish high school because he had been absent most of the time playing Clash of Clans (COC) 9. As a youth volunteer, Verna finds the rainy season a busy season due to the frequency of typhoon-related disasters. Sometimes she spends her own money to buy relief goods for typhoon victims. 10. Darius is openly gay. He lives with his partner Gardner. He and Gardner are both college professors in the local city college. References https://www.jstor.org/stable/1389779?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents https://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ethnic-variationethnicity https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-differences-between-nationality-and-ethnicity.html https://www.academia.edu/35873701/Cultural_Variations_and_Social_Differences_Socioeconomic_Class http://www.opentextbooks.org.hk/ditatopic/6201https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_variation AUTHOR : JENNETH D. DELA CRUZ SCHOOL : PASAY CITY EAST HIGH SCHOOL Page 9