Introduction to Radiologic Technology with Healthcare Facilitator's Guide PDF

INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY WITH HEALTHCARE FACILITATOR’S GUIDE TRIGGER 1 HEALTHCARE SETTINGS Classification of hospital shall be based on Administrative Or...

INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY WITH HEALTHCARE FACILITATOR’S GUIDE TRIGGER 1 HEALTHCARE SETTINGS Classification of hospital shall be based on Administrative Order No. 2012–0012, dated July 18, 2012, "Rules and Regulations Governing the New Classification of Hospitals and Other Health Facilities in the Philippines" They shall be classified according to the following: According to Ownership Government The hospital is created by law.  A government health facility may be under the National Government, DOH, Local Government Unit (LGU), Department of Justice (DOJ), State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), Government- owned and controlled corporations (GOCC) and others Private  Owned, established, and operated with funds from donation, principal, investment, or other means by any individual, corporation, association, or organization According to Scope of Services General Hospital  A hospital that provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities  It provides medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and child- care It shall be equipped with the service capabilities needed to support board certified/ eligible medical specialists and other licensed physicians rendering services in, but not limited to the following:  Clinical Services (Family Medicine, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery)  Emergency Services  Outpatient Services  Ancillary and Support Services (Clinical Laboratory, Imaging Facility, Pharmacy) Specialty  Specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient A specialized hospital may be devoted to the treatment of the following:  Treatment of a particular type of illness or for a particular condition requiring a range of treatment  Treatment of patients suffering from a particular diseases of a particular organ or group of organs  Treatment of patients belonging to a group such as children, women, elderly or others EXAMPLES Particular disease Particular organ Particular group of patients National Orthopedic Hospital Lung Center Philippine Children’s Medical Center National Center for Mental Health Philippine Heart Center National Children’s Hospital Radiology or Medical Imaging Department Plays an important role in the care of the patient. The quality of care provided to the patient by radiology is directly related to the quality of the coordination and cooperation that exists between the department and all the other departments and services that make up the organization. Radiology Organization Sub-departments of Radiology Radiography Ultrasound Nuclear medicine Positron emission tomography (PET) Computed tomography (CT) Vascular ultrasound Interventional radiology Radiation therapy Administrative Director of Radiology Radiologists They help other doctors diagnose and treat illness. They interpret x-ray imaging film that may be needed to answer a doctor's question about a symptom, disease, injury or treatment, etc., and also when imaging is unlikely to be helpful. Communicate the results of diagnostic and interventional imaging to the doctor who has sent you for the test or procedure, by a written report sent to the doctor. Discuss the report verbally (e.g. over the telephone) with the doctors. Work as part of the clinical team taking care of the patient so that they can participate actively in decision making about imaging tests that the doctor is considering. Radiographers Important member of the diagnostic health care team. They are responsible for producing high Patient’s injury or illness. quality medical images that assist medical specialists and doctors to diagnose or monitor a They Operate extremely technologically advanced equipment such as CT (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging and mobile X-ray machines. Their roles are diverse and challenging, as radiographers are often trained in several specialist areas such as: a. Trauma radiography - challenging examinations on injured individuals. b. Mobile radiography - for patients too sick to travel to the X-ray department. C. Computed tomography - three dimensional X-ray imaging test. d. Magnetic resonance imaging - three dimensional imaging test powered by a large magnet. e. Fluoroscopy - X-ray test that examines the internal body and shows moving images on a screen like a movie. f. Angiography - imaging of blood vessels and the heart.  Note: Radiographers need to show care, compassion and empathy to their patients. Whilst the role is highly technical, radiographers focus their efforts on patient care and welfare to ensure positive patient experiences. The radiographer works in a highly advanced technical profession that also requires excellent people skills. It is an exciting and rewarding profession to be a part of. Radiographers have an extremely thorough understanding of the structure of the body, how the body can be affected by injury, and causes and effects of disease when taking X-ray images. However, they are not responsible for interpreting the images they produce. This is the role of a radiologist, who is a specialist doctor with a medical degree, and who has also completed clinical training and then specialized in interpreting images and writing a diagnostic report for referring doctors. Radiologists rely on the input of radiographers and there is a very close working relationship. Radiographers work in a variety of situations including radiography/medical imaging departments of large public hospitals with busy emergency departments, private hospitals and large and small private radiology practices, sometimes with only a couple of rooms and a few staff. According to functional capacity Level 1 General Hospital A level 1 General Hospital shall have as minimum: 1. A staff of qualified, medical, allied medical and administrative personnel headed by a physician duly licensed by the PRC 2. Bed space for its authorized bed capacity, in accordance with DOH Guidelines in the Planning and Design of Hospitals 3. An operating room with standard equipment and provisions for sterilization of equipment and supplies in accordance with:  DOH Reference Plan in the Planning and Design of an Operating Room or Theater  DOH Guidelines on Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization of Reusable Medical Devices in Hospital Facilities in the Philippines 4. A post-operative Recovery Room 5. Maternity Facilities consisting of Ward(s), Room(s), a Delivery Room, exclusively for maternity patients and newborns 6. Isolation facilities with proper procedures for the care and control of infection and communicable diseases as well as for the prevention of cross infection 7. A separate dental section/ clinic 8. Provision for blood donation 9. A DOH-licensed secondary clinical laboratory with the services of a consulting pathologist 10. A DOH licensed Level 1 imaging facility with the services of a consulting radiologist 11. A DOH licensed pharmacy Level 2 General Hospital As minimum, all of Level 1 capacity, including but not limited to: 1. An organized staff of qualified and competent personnel with Chief of Hospital/Medical Director and appropriate board certified Clinical Department Heads 2. Departmentalized and equipped with the service capabilities needed to support board certified/ eligible medical specialties and other licensed physicians rendering services in the specialties of Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery, their subspecialties, and other ancillary services 3. Provision for general ICU for critically ill patients 4. Provision for NICU 5. Provision for HRPU 6. Provision for Respiratory Therapy Services 7. A DOH licensed tertiary clinical laboratory 8. A DOH licensed level 2 imaging facility with mobile X-ray inside the institution and with capability for contrast examinations Level 3 General Hospital As minimum, all of Level 2, including but not limited to:  Teaching and/or Training Hospital with accredited residency training program for physicians in the four major specialties namely: Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Surgery  Provision for physical medicine and rehabilitation unit  Provision for ambulatory surgical clinic  Provision for dialysis facility  Provision for blood bank  A DOH licensed level 3 imaging facility with interventional radiology Specialty Hospitals As mentioned above Trauma Hospitals The trauma capability of hospitals shall be assessed in accordance with the guidelines formulated by the Philippine College of Surgeons  Trauma Capable Facility is a DOH licensed hospital designated as a Trauma Center  Trauma Receiving Facility is a DOH licensed hospital within the trauma service area which receives trauma patients for transport to the point of care or a trauma center MENTAL HEALTH FACILITIES  Psychiatric patients have been cared for in long-stay mental health facilities, formerly called asylums or mental hospitals.  Majority of large general hospitals have a psychiatric unit, and many individuals are able to maintain their lives as regular members of the community.  The hospital stay of many persons with chronic mental illness has been shortened by modern medication and better understanding on the part of the public. LONG-TERM-CARE FACILITIES  Long-term facilities were homes for the elderly, the infirm, and those with chronic, irreversible, and disabling disorders, especially if the patients were indigent.  Some facilities are transitional from an acute hospital setting to the community, some have residents who have a need for professional healthcare but do not need intensive care.