Topic 1: Energy Flashcards Q&A PDF

Topic 1: Energy Questions: Notes/Answers: - What is energy? - Energy is the ability to do work -> Example: energy is needed for...

Topic 1: Energy Questions: Notes/Answers: - What is energy? - Energy is the ability to do work -> Example: energy is needed for machines around us to work. - What is the unit of measurement and 1) The unit of measurement of energy is the symbol of energy? the joule. 2) The symbol for the joule is J. - What are the different forms of 1) Elastic potential energy energy? 2) Chemical potential energy 3) Gravitational potential energy (Hint: There are 8 different forms.) 4) Kinetic energy 5) Electrical energy 6) Light energy 7) Sound energy 8) Thermal energy - What is potential energy? - Potential energy is stored energy. - What is Elastic potential energy? - Elastic potential energy is stored in objects that are stretched or compressed. - What is Chemical potential energy? - Chemical potential energy is stored in fuels, batteries and food. - What is Gravitational potential - Gravitational potential energy is energy? stored in objects which are placed at a height above the ground. - What is Kinetic energy? - Moving object possess kinetic energy. Objects that are not moving do not have kinetic energy. - What is Light energy? - Light energy allows us to see objects. Plants also need light energy to make food during photosynthesis. - What is Thermal energy? - Thermal energy keeps us warm and allows us to cook food. - What is Electrical energy? - Electrical energy can be found in electrical circuits when a current flows. - Electrical energy appliances convert electrical energy to other forms of  energy. - What is Sound energy? - Sound energy allows us to hear and communicate. - What is temperature? - Temperature is a measure of the degree of hotness of an object. - How to measure temperature? - Temperature can be measured using a thermometer or a data logger with a temperature sensor. - How is thermal energy transferred? - Thermal energy is transferred from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. - What are the principle of conversion (a) Energy cannot be created or of energy? destroyed; (b) Energy can be converted from one form to another; and (c) The total energy before and after the conversion of energy is the same. - What is power? - Power is the amount of energy converted and/or transferred in one second. Formula: - When is power increased? (a) More energy is converted and/or transferred in the same amount of time. 1) (Increase)P= E(Increase)/T (b) The same amount of energy is converted and/or transferred in a shorter amount of time.  2) (Increase)P= E/ T(Decrease) (c) More energy is converted and/or transferred in a shorter amount of time. 3) (Increase)P= E(Increase)/ T(Decrease) - What is the measurement of power 1) The unit of measurement of power is and the symbol? the watt. 2) The symbol for watt is W. - How is electricity generated? - Power stations generate electricity -> Example: Fossil Fuels power stations use fossil fuels to generate electricity. - What is the energy conversion of - Fossil fuels are burnt to generate Furnace? thermal energy - Energy conversion(Furnance): Potential energy of fuels(Chemical) ->Thermal energy - What is the energy conversion of - Thermal energy is used to boil Boiler? water and turn it into moving steam. - Energy conversion(Boiler): Thermal energy -> Kinetic energy(of moving steam) - What is the energy conversion of - The moving steams turn the Turbines? turbine. - Energy conversion(Turbines): Kinetic energy(of turbines) -> Kinetic energy(of turbine) - What is the energy conversion of - The turbines then turn the generator Generator? to generate electrical energy. - Energy conversion(Generator): Kinetic energy(of turbine) -> Electrical energy. - How is electricity transmitted? - It is distributed to homes and offices by wires known as transmission lines. - What happens during the - Some electrical energy converted to transmission? thermal energy. It is transferred to the surroundings and lost during the transmission. - How do transformers help in the - To reduce energy loss during transmission of electricity? transmission, electricity is transmitted at high voltage. Info: Electricity generated by the power stations is converted to very high voltage by a step-up transformer. - What is a step-up transformer? - A step-up transformer converts electricity from a lower voltages to a higher voltage. Info: After transmission at high voltages through the transmission lines, the electricity is converted back to lower voltages by a step-down transformer taht are located near offices and homes. - What is a step-down transformer? - A step-down transformer converts electricity from a higher voltage to a lower voltage before transmitting to the end-users.