Tools Midterm Material PDF

Week 1 Tools Bolts - Standard aircraft bolts, what are they made from? - - - - - Standard Bolts (AN) - Commonly used in gen. aviation NAS Bolts - High tensile strength - Cupped out head Close tolerance (∧) - Either AN or NAS - Machined more accurately - App...

Week 1 Tools Bolts - Standard aircraft bolts, what are they made from? - - - - - Standard Bolts (AN) - Commonly used in gen. aviation NAS Bolts - High tensile strength - Cupped out head Close tolerance (∧) - Either AN or NAS - Machined more accurately - Applications: where it requires tight fit Special Bolts - \(S) marking on the head Aircraft Bolts - They have markings, always - Standard bolt markings: X or \* Corrosion Resistant bolt (-) Aluminum bolt (- -) - Do not use for: tension applications - Bolts parts: - Head - Grip - Thread Head: - Larger than the diameter of the bolt - Hex shaped - Use: keeps the bolt in one direction - Could be drilled (safety wire/lockwire) Shank: - Threaded part at the end - AKA: grip - Diameter of the bolt = grip - Either drilled for cotter pin Bolt Threads: - UNC -- Coarse - UNF -- Fine Thread Gage - Determines TPI (threads/inch) AN Bolts (Air Force -- Navy) - Standard Aircraft Bolt (SAB) - Gen. Purpose Hex Head Bolt (GPB) GPB - 6 points (bc hex) Diameter of the bolt: - 1/16" across the grip Length of the bolt: - 1/8 from the bottom of the bolt head -- bottom of the threads AN Bolt Materials - Cadmium Plated Nickel Steel (-) - Corrosion Resistant (C) - Aluminum Alloy (DD) Cad Plated Markings (-) - \+ - X - \* AN Numbering System - Example AN4-20A - - - - - - - If there is H (example: AN6H) - Hole in the head Week 2 (Nuts & Bolts) Divided into 2 groups: - Self-Locking - Non Self-Locking Non Self-Locking: - Needs an external locking device (ex. Cotter pins) Self Locking: - Locking device is built in - Most used on an aircraft - Cannot be used on a moving part 2 Types of Self-Locking - Metal - Nylon Washers - Most common: AN960 & AN970 Main Purposes of a washer: - Prevents damage to the surface - Smooth load bearing surface - Adjusts the castle nuts position AN960 Washer - Most common - Regular and thin thickness AN960C -- stainless Example: AN960-616(L) -- light/thin washer AN970 Washer - Larger area flat washer - Main use: wood application - Different types of washers - Split ring - Internal & external tooth Week 3 (Safety) Safety -- a fail-safe that prevents failure of a secured device from unwanted assembly - In simple terms: backup device or an extra layer of safety Examples: - Lockwiring - Cotter Pins Types of lock wire: - Stainless Steel - Inconel - Monel Standard Diameters: - 0.020" (small sized fasteners) - 0.032" (commonly used) - 0.041" (larger fasteners and turnbuckles, propeller bolts) Turnbuckles - Control cable assembly - Purpose: adjusting cable tension In control cables: - Transmit commands for flight control - Used on larger a/c - Connected to hydraulic assist actuators Witness Wire: - A copper wire that is: - - - Visual confirmation of security - Hence the name witness wire, because you could see it. Witness wire common applications: - Emergency backup switches - It also provides security that the cover stays in place (ex. Fire suppression) - Minimal breaking force = does not damage equipment When witness wire is applied = DO NOT USE LOCKWIRE