Therapeutic Modalities PDF

THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES Añis, Agatha Ruth M. Esplana, Mary Joy P. Caballero, Micaela V. Garcia, Aubrey Anne B. Casquejo, Wayne Zoe Nicole A. Guerrero, Hannah Margarette F. Destor, Nizalyn Jane A. Silo, Maegan D. Dialino, Ryna Andrea G. Tapagñan, Xuxa...

THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES Añis, Agatha Ruth M. Esplana, Mary Joy P. Caballero, Micaela V. Garcia, Aubrey Anne B. Casquejo, Wayne Zoe Nicole A. Guerrero, Hannah Margarette F. Destor, Nizalyn Jane A. Silo, Maegan D. Dialino, Ryna Andrea G. Tapagñan, Xuxa Ylly Mae L. BSN 3-1 Group C Therapeutic Modalities Therapeutic Modalities Therapeutic Modalities refer to various approaches and techniques used in psychiatric nursing to improve patients’ well-being through evidence-based interventions and therapeutic relationships. The various treatment modalities in psychiatry are broadly divided as: Somatic (physical) therapies Psychological therapies Milieu therapy Therapeutic community Activity Therapy OBJECTIVES They aim to improve patient’s psychological, emotional, and social well-being through evidence-based interventions and therapies. PLAY THERAPY It is a form of psychotherapy that is primarily used for children but can also be beneficial to some adult patients, depending on their case. Association for Play Therapy (APT) - play therapy is "the systematic use of a theoretical model to establish an interpersonal process wherein trained play therapists use the therapeutic powers of play to help clients prevent or resolve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal growth and development.‌" PLAY THERAPY Play therapy is usually for children between the ages of 3 and 12. Beneficial to the adults who suffered traumatic events. The patient will be able to express themselves freely without having a verbal communication. GOALS OF PLAY THERAPY Help the patient to take responsibility for their behaviors Aiding the client in developing healthy coping strategies Establish skills for creative thinking and problem-solving Teach respect for one’s self and others Learn appropriate ways to express emotions Know how to effectively communicate with others TYPES OF PLAY THERAPY 1. Directive - the therapist takes the lead in the patient’s play activities in order to guide the discussion and help the child express their thoughts and feelings. TYPES OF PLAY THERAPY 2. Non-Directive - The patient will lead the session. The patient will have a freedom to choose within the toys that the therapist provided or games that the patient wants. According to a study, they categorized the type of toys that will be presented to the patient. TYPES OF PLAY THERAPY 1. Real Life Toys - it will be able to help the person to feel comfortable and will help to engage with others. 2. Aggressive Toys - to express or release their anger and hostility, with the guidance of the therapist. 3. Creative Toys - to give other ways to express their emotions. STAGES OF PLAY THERAPY 1. Initiation Phase (Exploratory Phase) 2. Resistance Phase (Aggressive Stage or Negative Reaction Stage) 3. Growing Phase (Working Phase) 4. Termination Phase REMOTIVATION THERAPY A variety of group therapy for chronic mental illness patients in inpatient settings The National Remotivation Therapy Organization (NRTO) defined it as a therapeutic modality promoting self-esteem, socialization, and awareness. The concept is to construct an interest related to the patients’ daily activities, hobbies, talents, and social relationships. This therapeutic approach is designed for patients that are withdrawn, apathetic, or have lost interest. Objectives: To stimulate communication, in order to encourage the patients to express their thoughts and feelings. To enhance socialization by promoting interactions among the members of the group to foster a sense of community. To improve cognitive function by stimulating the attention, memory, and problem-solving skills through the structured activities. To increase self-esteem by providing opportunities for patients to gain confidence by achieving success. Process: 1. Group Dynamics: Small groups are usually where the sessions are held to create a supportive and interactive environment. 2. Activity Session: The activities are chosen appropriately depending on the patients’ cognitive and functional level. 3. Facilitator: The sessions are facilitated by a therapist or a nurse. Techniques: The following are the techniques used in remotivation therapy: 1. Reality Orientation 2. Reminiscence 3. Task Engagement Application: Step 1: The Climate Acceptance Greet each patient with a handshake (If some do not take your hand, it’s alright.) Say something positive about the patient. Ex. “What a nice handshake, thank you!”, “What a nice smile you have today.” Application: Step 2: Bridge to the Real World This step takes imagination and time when being developed. Bounce questions are developed to have the patients state the topic of the session. Select a poem/story/song to be shared. Bounce Question: Linear: Questions that are logically associated and will lead to the topic. Each response leads to the next question. Nonlinear: Each response is the same. Application: Props: Concrete stimulus for step three and should be able to be handled by the patients Ex. Fruit Topic is fruit: Bounce Questions: In the morning, what are some of the things you might do? (Eat breakfast) What would you eat for breakfast? Cereal, egg, bacon, oatmeal If someone said oatmeal - What would you put in a bowl of oatmeal? Milk, sugar, fruit If someone said fruit- That is our topic for today. Application: Poem After the topic, read the poem. Talk to the patients about the poem. Ask questions: who, what, when, etc. Application: Step 3: Sharing the World We Live In Questions about the topic are prepared. You can begin using the props. Ex. What kind of fruit do you like? Do you eat fruit? Application: Step 4: Appreciation of the Work In this step, show the props to relate to the conversation. The questions may engage to the topic and work the engaged in their real life Ex. Did anyone ever grow fruit? How much does a pack of apples cost? Application: Step 5: Climate of Appreciation Close the session on a positive note Thank each patient for coming and participating You can tell them that they can have fruits as a snack later  ART-BASED THERAPY Description The use of artistic methods to treat psychological disorders and enhance mental health is known as art therapy. Art therapy is a technique rooted in the idea that creative expression can foster healing and mental well-being (Lith, V., 2016). Art therapy can help individuals express and understand their emotions, resolve conflicts, reduce stress, and enhance cognitive function. It involves the use of various art forms such as drawing, painting, and sculpture, guided by a trained therapist to help patients explore their emotions, develop self-awareness, and cope with stress and trauma. Objectives TECHNIQUES USED IN ART THERAPY Facilitate Emotional Expression Reduce Social Isolation Collage Encourage Creativity and Positive Coloring Reinforcement Drawing Facilitates Communication and Painting Finger Painting Interpersonal Skills Development Photography Create a Safe and Nurturing Environment Sculpting Enhances Coping and Stress Management PROCESS: A typical art therapy session includes three main stages: Pre-Art Making Art Making Post Art Making Expected Outcomes: When patients engage in art therapy within psychiatric nursing, there are several expected outcomes can occur: 1. Emotional Expression and Regulation 2. Stress Reduction 3. Improved Self-Understanding 4. Enhanced Communication 5. Increased Self-Esteem OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY is the application of goal-oriented, purposeful activity in the assessment and treatment of individuals with psychological, physical or developmental disabilities is the use of assessment and intervention to develop, recover, or maintain the meaningful activities, or occupations, of individuals, groups, or communities. OBJECTIVES To increase an individual’s ability to live as independently as possible while engaging in meaningful and productive life roles To help an individual to adapt and participate more fully in the activities that give their life stability, purpose, and joy. OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PROCESS Service Provision Individuals are referred to occupational therapy when they have experienced a disruption in their ability to take part in necessary and valued occupations. This disruption often elicits emotional and psychological responses, including denial, anger, fear, hopelessness, resistance to treatment, loneliness, sadness, grief, anxiety, and other responses. Occupational therapy are diverse and can fall into these categories: 1. Psychosocial Intervention Is an evidence-based practice that helps individuals with mental health conditions cope with their symptoms, overcome day-to-day challenges, and improve their quality of life. Some mental health nursing Psychosocial Interventions are underpinned by the core principles of: Co-production Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Family-Inclusive Practice (FIP) Psychoeducation Social Support 2. Psychoeducational Intervention Provide the patient and families knowledge about various facets of the illness and its treatment so that they can work together with mental health professionals for a better overall outcome. Active Psychoeducation Passive Psychoeducation 3. Cognitive Intervention founded on the principle that individuals' thoughts about their experiences and themselves influence their affect and behavior. Cognitive restructuring 4. Exercise Intervention Exercise improves mental health by reducing anxiety, depression, and negative mood and by improving self- esteem and cognitive function. Aerobic Exercise Anaerobic Exercise MUSIC/ DANCE THERAPY Music Therapy is an evidence-based approach to accomplishing therapeutic goals within a therapeutic relationship. Music can improve physical, psychological, cognitive, behavioral, and social functioning. Dance/movement therapy, or DMT, is the psychotherapeutic use of movement to promote emotional, social, cognitive, and physical integration. Dance therapy employs movement and nonverbal communication in addition to talk therapy to handle psychological and behavioral issues that words alone cannot resolve, according to board-certified dance therapist Erica Hornthal, MA, LCPC, BC-DMT. Objectives: MUSIC THERAPY DANCE THERAPY To build self - awareness To improve mood To build self-esteem To provide relaxation To reduce stress and anxiety To ease stress and fear To help explore connections between the movement and To ease sleeplessness emotions  Music Therapy Dance Therapy Process: 1.Assessment 1. Assessment Goal Setting 2. Goal Setting 2. Warm - up 3. Music 3. Movement Selection Exploration 4. Active Music 4. Reflection Making 5. Closure 5. Reflection Techniques: Music Therapy: Dance Therapy: Songwriting Mirroring Lyric discussion Jumping Rhythms Receptive music listening Movement Metaphors Music improvisation Learning instruments THANK YOU FOR LISTENING