THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD L1.pdf

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD GLOBALIZATION DEFINITION, THEORIES AND IDEOLOGY Definition Is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of i...

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD GLOBALIZATION DEFINITION, THEORIES AND IDEOLOGY Definition Is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information. - It means that people, goods, services, ideas, and money moves around the system in the world a lot easier than before therefore this can provide advantages and disadvantages such as job creation or increased trade market and inequality and environmental problems. The interconnectedness of human beings , brought about by technological changes, modern transportation and communication technology. - Due to the advance technology and innovative minds of human beings, it allowed nations or groups to communicate from different places which shows connectedness even in distance which aids in trade, travel, and market. A concept that “refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole”. (Robertson, 1992) - The idea explains that the world got smaller due to advance technology and modern transport which ables everyone to connect and interact and appreciate different cultures or ideas which makes us to be aware with global issues. The compression of time and space and the annihilation of distance (Harvey, 1989) - This means that globalization is more accessible and easier to process due to advance technology where communication can be done through internet or usage of gadgets where connects groups. A process of interaction and integration among people companies and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. (Sunny Levin Institute) - This means that through business partnerships, people, and government partnerships with other nations that works together contributes to the interaction and integration withb the help of technology. THEORETICAL PARADIGMS OF GLOBALIZATION WORLD SYSTEMS- views globalization not as a recent phenomenon but as virtually synonymous with the birth and spread of world capitalism. GLOBAL CAPITALISM- tend to see globalization as novel stage in the evolving system of world capitalism- “capitalist globalization” THE NETWORK SOCIETY OF SCHOOL OF THOUGHT- capitalism does not fuel globalization but technology and technological change as the underlying cause of globalization. SPACE, TIME, AND GLOBALIZATION- the conceptual essence of globalization is “time-space distanciation”- which giddens defines as the ïntensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice-versa”. TRANSNATIONALITY AND TRANSNATIONALISM- transnational is a process and practices are defined broadly as the multiple ties and interactions- economic, political, social and cultural- that link people, communities and institutions across the borders of nation-states. Transnationalism is an umbrella concept encompassing a wide variety of transformative processes, practices and developments that take place simultaneously at local and global level. GLOBAL CULTURE- emphasize the rapid growth of the mass media and resultant global cultural flows and images in recent decades evoking the image famously put forth by marshal mcluhan of the global village. COMMON GROUND - In the absence of a generally accepted definition, Steger explains that GLOBALIZATION has been commonly understood either as a PROCESS, a CONDITION, or an IDEOLOGY. GLABALIZATION IS….. AS A PROCESS - Globalization is viewed as a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing awareness of deepening connections between locals and distants. AS A CONDITION - Steger used the term “Globality” signify a future social condition characterized by thick economic, political, and cultural interconnectedness and global flows that make currently existing political borders and econommic barriers irrelevant AS AN IDEOLOGY - Globalization is a political belief system that benefits a certain class, Steger used the line of reasoning of another globalization scholar, michael freeden by following the latter’s 3 criteria in determining and ideology; - degree of uniqueness and morphological sophistication - The distinctiveness and complexity on the concepts  - Context bound responsiveness to broad range political issues - Relevance to the topic are nowehere to be seen - - Produce effective CONCEPTUALl DECONTESTATION CHAINS. - It is a crucial process in the formation of the core concepts by arranging them in a pattern that links them with other concepts. - It is a simple semantic chains whose conceptual links convey authoritative meaning that facilitate collective decision making - Refers to as IDEOLOGICAL CLAIMS/CORE CLAIMS endow thought systems with specific meaning that benefit particular social groups. STEGER’S 6 CORE CLAIMS (DECONSTATION CHAINS): - GLOBALIZATION IS ABOUT LIBERALIZATION AND GLOBAL INTERGRATION OF MARKETS - Globalization and markets continue to its twin core concepts - This claim states that the ideas focuses on the connection between nations for goods and services and the lessen strictness on policies in trading which aids nations for a free flowing smooth process of trading. - GLOBALIZATION IS INEVITABLE AND IRREVESIBLE - Turns on the adjacent concepts of historical inevitability. - This means that it is weak due to the interdependencies of the nation to one another since not all nations can produce its own need in their country and irreversible due to the high demands of goods and services as time passses by. - NOBODY IS IN CHARGE OF GLOBALIZATION - Hinges on the classical liberal concept of the self-regulating market. - The idea of globalization is about interconnectedness that is why everyone has equal rights on trading and usage of technology and also prevent conflicts - GLOBALIZATION BENEFITS EVERYONE IN THE LONG RUN - Draws on the powerful socialist vision of establishing an economic paradise.  -This explains that from trading and connectedness globally can strengthen the foundation of the institution yet it has also flaws that can affect negatively the environment. - GLOBALIZATION FURTHER THE SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY - Links globalization and markets to adjacent concept of democracy. - This means that globalization has good and bad effects on democracy but depends on the handling of the world leaders. Good by connecting nations and bad by harming little countries and giving wealth to bigger countries. - GLOBALIZATION REQUIRES A GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR - Deconstation chains attests to globalism political responsiveness and conceptual flexibility - This idea can engage a war due to conflicts - The experimental exercise designed to bring the insights gained from steger’s critical analysis of globalism to bear on the necessar project of reclassifying conventional political belief system.\ IMPORTANT PEOPLE: MANFRED STEGER- MICHAEL FREEDEN- 6 CORE CLAIMS