The Analyst Handout - Oct 1st 2024 - PDF

1st October 2024  The Analyst Unlocking India's Handout Manufacturing Potential 1st October 2024 CONTEXT: India’s industrial sector is growing at a fast pace, NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam said on Monday while releasing the Annual Survey of Industries. St...

1st October 2024  The Analyst Unlocking India's Handout Manufacturing Potential 1st October 2024 CONTEXT: India’s industrial sector is growing at a fast pace, NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam said on Monday while releasing the Annual Survey of Industries. Status of the Manufacturing Sector in India: 16.3% to India’s GDP (FY 2021-22) - National Policy on Manufacturing - 25% by 2025-26. ~ 50 million people directly and about 90 million indirectly. IIP reported a growth of 12% in FY 2021-22 compared to the previous year. The manufacturing sector is projected to grow at a CAGR of 12% during 2021-2026. Government Schemes and Major sectors include automobiles, Initiatives: textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, Make in India: 2014; Both domestic machinery, and steel. and foreign companies; across 25 For instance, the automobile industry sectors; aims to increase the contributes around 7.1% of the GDP manufacturing sector's GDP share. and is a significant exporter. Production Linked Incentive Scheme: 2020, Financial incentives to manufacturers for incremental production; various sectors; ~ $26 billion for various PLI schemes. Atmanirbhar Bharat: 2020, boost domestic manufacturing and reduce reliance on imports, especially in critical sectors; package include ~ $265 billion. National Policy on Electronics: India a global hub for electronics manufacturing; target - $400 billion by 2025-26. Skill India and PMKVY: Enhancing the skills of the workforce to meet the demands of the manufacturing sector. MSME Support Schemes: E.g. ECLGS, ~ $40 billion during the pandemic, etc.  The Analyst Unlocking India's Handout Manufacturing Potential 1st October 2024 CONTEXT: India’s industrial sector is growing at a fast pace, NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam said on Monday while releasing the Annual Survey of Industries. Issues and Challenges: Technological Upgradation: Encourage the adoption of Industry Infrastructure Deficiencies: India's 4.0 technologies and invest in R&D logistics cost is approximately 13-14% Strengthening MSMEs: Continued of GDP; Capital Crunch; Project Delays access to affordable credit and Labor Laws and Skills Gap: Rigid labor support; Incentives to formalise laws - disincentive to formalise; Skill Streamlining Regulatory Processes: mismatch; Only 2% of the workforce Simplifying regulations and having formal skills. enhancing land acquisition Low Technological Adoption: Limited processes adoption of advanced technologies Focus on Exports: Developing export hampers productivity; India ranked hubs and negotiating FTAs with key 51st in the Global Innovation Index as markets of 2021 Sustainable Manufacturing: Promote Complex Land and Regulatory green technologies and sustainable Issues: Hurdles in Land acquisition; practices; incentives for numerous regulatory requirements; energy-efficient production. Less focus on CBA High Cost of Capital: Particularly for MSMEs, Dependence on Informal Sources; affects adoption of technology. Global Supply Chain Disruptions: The COVID-19 pandemic, impacts availability of raw materials and exports. Environmental and Sustainability Challenges: Obsolete technology; Industries face pressure to adopt sustainable practices Way Forward: Infrastructure Development: Mains Practise Question: Continued investment in transport, Though India is witnessing power, and digital infrastructure. E.g. continuous growth in the Projects like the National manufacturing sector, some issues Infrastructure Pipeline still retard the realisation of its true Labor and Skill Development potential. Elaborate. Reforms: Reforms in labor laws to (15 Marks, 250 words) attract investments; focus on technical and vocational education to address the skills gap.  The Analyst Reaping “Silver Dividend” Handout 1st October 2024 CONTEXT: With the rising quantum and share of the elderly population, there is a need for tailored reforms to cater to the evolving needs of the country’s senior citizens Elderly Population: What is Silver Economy? India - Exponential growth - number & proportion of elderly people 10% now to 19.5% by 2050(UNFPA) Major issue with India & China Rising Health-Care Consumption: Current Statistics: ~ $7 billion. Chronic Ailments: Three-quarters of the elderly - at least one chronic ailment Mental Health Issues: One-third exhibit depressive symptoms. Economic Insecurity: Health care costs - financial burden on the elderly.  The Analyst Reaping “Silver Dividend” Handout 1st October 2024 CONTEXT: With the rising quantum and share of the elderly population, there is a need for tailored reforms to cater to the evolving needs of the country’s senior citizens Economic Potential: The Silver Targeting Current and Future Economy: Elderly: Enhancing digital literacy; growing digital economy Market Value: The silver economy ~ ₹73,082 crore Demographic Trends: The elderly Government Initiatives: population is projected to constitute 13.2% by 2031 and 19% by SACRED Portal: Connect senior mid-century, becoming a major citizens with job providers. consumer segment. SAGE Initiative: The Ministry of Social Health-Care Consumption: A third of Justice and Empowerment promotes their spending is on health care and incentivizes senior care products. Silver Dividend : Approach? Need for Multi-Sectoral Reform: Comprehensive Approach: Health, social, economic and digital sectors Health Empowerment: Health literacy Ayushman Arogya Mandir: A proposed initiative - preventive and rehabilitative services thro - AYUSH. Strengthening Health-Care Infrastructure Tele-Consultation Expansion Skilled Workforce Development Holistic Services: Include mental health and nutrition services Addressing Financial Insecurities Mains Practise Question: Community Sensitization: Raise With the rise of the elderly awareness; peer support groups. population, the prospects of Silver Financial Protection: E.g. insurance Economy look bright. Discuss. coverage of ₹5 lakh for individuals (15 Marks, 250 words) over 70. Reskilling Younger Population Digital Inclusion for the Elderly Need for Digital Adaptation: Digital skills; To increase accessibility  The Analyst PM to launch Sanitation Projects Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 2 Paper : Social Sector; Education AMRUT was launched in June 2015 with the aim of transforming urban infrastructure, particularly focusing on water supply, sewerage, urban transport, and creating green spaces. Its objective is to ensure every household in targeted cities has access to basic services like water supply and sewerage. AMRUT 2.0 (launched in October 2021) builds on the first phase and emphasizes: ○ Universal coverage of water supply across all urban areas. ○ Reducing water losses through leak detection and prevention. ○ Promoting water conservation, reuse, and integrated waste-water treatment. Swachh Bharat Mission was launched on October 2, 2014, by the GoI to accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and improve cleanliness. It has two components: SBM-Gramin: Focused on rural India, its objective was to make rural areas ODF by constructing toilets and promoting hygiene practices. SBM-Urban: Focused on urban areas, targeting solid waste management, sanitation infrastructure development, and eliminating open defecation in cities and towns. The mission emphasizes behavior change, public participation, and sustainable sanitation practices.  The Analyst PM to launch Sanitation Projects Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 2 Paper : Social Sector; Education The National Mission for Clean Ganga was Swachhta Hi Sewa 2024 is a national launched as part of the Namami Gange campaign under the Swachh Bharat Programme in 2014. It is a flagship program Mission, focusing on engaging citizens and of the Government of India aimed at encouraging mass participation in cleaning and rejuvenating the Ganga activities related to cleanliness and River. The mission focuses on: sanitation across India. This campaign typically takes place ahead of Gandhi Sewage treatment and infrastructure Jayanti on October 2, the anniversary of development. the launch of the Swachh Bharat Mission. River surface cleaning. Afforestation and biodiversity The objective of Swachhta Hi Sewa 2024 is conservation. to reinforce the importance of cleanliness Public awareness and participation. in public spaces, villages, cities, and The program aims to make the neighborhoods by mobilizing people from Ganga river and its tributaries all walks of life. The campaign encourages: pollution-free, ensuring sustainable development in the Ganga river 1. Mass Cleanliness Drives: People basin. participate in cleaning public places such as parks, roads, schools, and The Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro government offices. Resources Dhan scheme was launched 2. Waste Management and Plastic under the Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin Elimination: Emphasis is placed on in 2018. The scheme aims to promote the eliminating single-use plastics and effective management of cattle dung and promoting proper waste segregation organic waste by: and disposal. 3. Behavioral Change Campaigns: Encouraging the conversion of Public awareness programs are bio-waste into bio-energy (biogas) conducted to promote hygiene, and bio-fertilizers. discourage open defecation, and Supporting the creation of encourage responsible waste infrastructure for the collection, management practices. treatment, and processing of waste, 4. Community Involvement: Schools, thus promoting a circular economy. colleges, community organizations, Providing rural households with an government bodies, and businesses alternative source of income through are engaged to work together to waste-to-wealth initiatives. make the campaign a success.  The Analyst TRAI & Digital Radio Broadcasting Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 2 Paper : Statutory Bodies & GS 3 Paper : Technology TRAI is a statutory body established by the Spectrum Management: Government of India to regulate the ○ TRAI makes recommendations telecommunications sector in the country. It regarding the allocation, was formed under the Telecom Regulatory pricing, and management of Authority of India Act, 1997 with the radio frequencies used by objective of ensuring the orderly growth of telecom operators for providing the telecom industry, protecting the services like mobile interests of consumers, and promoting fair communication and competition among service providers. broadcasting. Regulation of Broadcasting and Key Functions and Responsibilities of TRAI: Cable Services: ○ TRAI’s mandate was extended Regulation of Telecom Services: in 2004 to include ○ Formulating regulations and broadcasting and cable recommendations on issues services. It regulates television such as telecom tariffs, quality and cable networks, including of service, and licensing of pricing and content delivery, service providers. It ensures ensuring a fair distribution of that telecom operators comply channels and affordable with the standards of service, pricing for consumers. including the quality and cost Recommendations to the of services provided to Government: consumers. ○ TRAI provides Consumer Protection: recommendations to the ○ Safeguarding consumer government on policy matters interests by addressing related to the telecom sector, consumer complaints such as spectrum auctions, regarding issues like billing, mergers and acquisitions of service quality, and telecom companies, and transparency. It regularly internet services. updates guidelines on matters Telecom and Broadcasting Tariff: such as mobile number ○ TRAI regulates tariffs for portability, DND services to telecom services, ensuring that block unwanted calls, and prices are fair for consumers transparency in tariff plans. while being sustainable for Promoting Competition: operators. It also issues ○ TRAI works to ensure a guidelines on broadcasting competitive environment in tariffs, particularly to make the telecom industry by television channel packages encouraging fair practices more affordable and among telecom service transparent. providers and preventing monopolistic behavior. It facilitates the entry of new players in the market while maintaining a level playing field.  The Analyst TRAI & Digital Radio Broadcasting Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 2 Paper : Statutory Bodies & GS 3 Paper : Technology Recent Initiatives: Enhanced Features: ○ Digital radios can display 5G Rollout: TRAI has played a crucial role additional data like song titles, in facilitating the introduction of 5G artist information, traffic updates, technology in India by managing weather alerts, and station names spectrum auctions and setting on the radio screen. It supports standards for service quality. interactive services, enabling OTT Regulation: TRAI has been exploring listeners to access on-demand the regulation of OTT services, to ensure content, pause live broadcasts, or they adhere to certain standards without rewind radio programs. stifling innovation. Multicast Capabilities: Digital Infrastructure: TRAI promotes ○ In digital radio, broadcasters can digital infrastructure development by transmit several different encouraging investments in fiber-optic program streams on a single networks and improving broadband frequency. This allows a single access in rural and urban areas. station to offer multiple channels (such as news, music, or sports) on the same frequency. Energy Efficiency: Digital radio broadcasting refers to the ○ Digital transmitters are generally transmission of radio signals using digital more energy-efficient than technology instead of traditional analog analog transmitters, reducing the methods (like AM or FM). This technology operational costs for converts sound into digital signals and broadcasters. transmits them to receivers, offering several Better Reception and Coverage: advantages over analog broadcasting. ○ Digital signals have a more robust reception, ensuring consistent Key Features of Digital Radio Broadcasting: quality, even in areas where analog signals may face Improved Audio Quality: difficulties (such as urban regions ○ Digital radio offers clearer sound with high interference). quality, free from static, noise, and interference that often affect analog radio transmissions. Stations can broadcast in formats such as DAB or HD Radio, providing high quality sound. Efficient Spectrum Usage: ○ Digital radio allows multiple channels to be transmitted over the same frequency, enabling more stations in a given bandwidth compared to analog radio. This results in a greater variety of programming and more efficient use of the radio spectrum.  The Analyst NDRF & SDRF Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 3 Paper : Disaster Management NDRF personnel are highly trained in search and rescue operations, disaster preparedness, medical assistance, and handling hazardous materials. They regularly conduct mock drills and community awareness programs to educate the public on disaster management. NDRF teams are deployed during major disasters like the Uttarakhand floods (2013), Nepal earthquake (2015), Cyclone Fani (2019), and more recently during the COVID-19 pandemic. State Disaster Response Force: SDRF units are established by state governments, following a similar structure to the NDRF but focused on state-level disaster response. The SDRF operates under the State The NDRF and SDRF are specialized forces Disaster Management Authority and in India created to respond to natural and responds to disasters within the man-made disasters. Their primary respective state. They coordinate function is to assist in disaster closely with NDRF when necessary, management, relief, and rehabilitation especially in large-scale disasters. efforts across the country. The composition, strength, and training of SDRF units vary from state National Disaster Response Force: to state. SDRF is tasked with handling localized disasters like landslides, The NDRF was established under the fires, and floods, and often plays a Disaster Management Act of 2005 as key role in community awareness a dedicated disaster response force. and preparedness programs. It is a specialized force under the States receive financial assistance MHA, responsible for responding to from the central government through large-scale disasters like floods, the State Disaster Response Fund, earthquakes, cyclones, industrial which is used to meet the expenses accidents, and other emergency for disaster response, preparedness, situations. and capacity-building measures. The NDRF consists of 15 battalions, drawn from paramilitary forces such Both the NDRF and SDRF play crucial roles in as the BSF, CRPF, ITBP, CISF, and SSB. ensuring India is better prepared for These battalions are strategically disasters, through timely response, rescue positioned across the country to operations, and post-disaster relief efforts. ensure a prompt response to They are vital components of India’s disasters. disaster management framework.  The Analyst National Urban Digital Mission Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 1 Paper : Urbanisation GS 2 Paper : Development The NUDM was launched by the MoHUA Key Components of NUDM: and the MeitY in 2021. Its primary aim is to digitize urban governance and improve IUDX: A platform to facilitate the service delivery in Indian cities by creating secure, accessible exchange of data a unified digital infrastructure for urban between cities, urban service India. providers, and citizens. Smart Cities Mission: NUDM Key Objectives of NUDM: complements the Smart Cities initiative by enhancing the digital 1. Digital Transformation of Urban infrastructure of urban spaces. Governance: Urban Outcomes Framework: A ○ NUDM seeks to create a shared system that monitors urban digital infrastructure that governance outcomes and services, supports cities and towns helping assess the impact of digital across India to build and deliver interventions. services efficiently. 2. Building Interoperable Platforms: ○ The mission aims to create platforms that ensure the interoperability of various digital services and infrastructure in cities, allowing different systems to work together. 3. Supporting Urban Innovation: ○ The mission encourages innovation in urban areas, enabling the development of new digital tools and applications to address urban challenges. ○ It also provides digital tools for cities to better manage resources such as water, electricity, and waste, and to plan infrastructure.  The Analyst Manipur extends AFSPA Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: GS 3 Paper : Internal Security The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act is an Indian law that grants special powers to the armed forces in areas declared as "disturbed." It was enacted to assist the armed forces in maintaining public order in regions facing insurgency or unrest. Enacted in 1958, AFSPA was initially applied to the Northeastern states like Nagaland and Manipur to tackle insurgency. Over time, the act has been extended to Jammu & Kashmir (1990 onwards) and parts of other Northeastern states, depending on the intensity of conflict and law-and-order situations. Special Powers to Armed Forces: It allows armed forces personnel to use force, arrest without a warrant, and even shoot to maintain public order in disturbed areas. Soldiers have the authority to search premises and make arrests without requiring a warrant. The act grants immunity from prosecution for actions taken under its provisions unless permitted by the central government. Disturbed Areas Declaration: A region is declared as a "disturbed area" by the central or state government under the Disturbed Areas Act, and once declared, AFSPA can be applied. The rationale for such declarations usually involves insurgency, political instability, or terrorist activity.  The Analyst Dadasaheb Phalke Award Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus: PRELIMS The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India’s highest award in the field of cinema, established to honor the lifetime contributions of individuals to the growth and development of Indian cinema. Overview he award is named after Dadasaheb Phalke, the pioneer of Indian cinema, who directed the first full-length Indian feature film, Raja Harishchandra, in 1913. The award was instituted in 1969 by the GoI to recognize excellence in the Indian film industry. It is awarded annually by the President of India at the National Film Awards ceremony. The recipient receives a Swarna Kamal (Golden Lotus) trophy, a shawl, and a cash prize. Eligibility and Selection Criteria The award is conferred upon individuals for their lifetime contributions to Indian cinema. It is not limited to actors but also recognizes directors, producers, screenwriters, and other professionals in the film industry. The selection is made by a committee appointed by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Significance The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is considered the highest honor in Indian cinema, akin to the Oscar in the United States. It recognizes not only artistic excellence but also the impact of cinema on society and culture in India  The Analyst ‘Suicide Pod’ Handout 1st October 2024 Syllabus:  The Analyst Handout Daily Quiz 1st October 2024 Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Q4: Consider the following statements India’s Manufacturing Sector: regarding the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI): 1. It contributes to one-fifth of India’s Gross 1. It is a statutory body formed under Domestic Product (GDP). the TRAI Act 1997. 2. National Policy on Manufacturing aims to 2. It forms regulations on issues such as increase the share of the manufacturing Telecom tariffs & quality of service. sector to GDP to 25% by 2025. Which of the statements given above 3. Low Technological adoption & Low cost of is/are correct? capital are hindering the Manufacturing a) 1 Only sector’s growth. b) 2 Only How many of the statements given above is/are c) Both 1 and 2 correct? d) Neither 1 nor 2 a) Only One b) Only Two Answer: c c) All Three d) None Q5: Consider the following statements Answer: a regarding the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF): Q2: Consider the following statements: 1. It is a statutory body established 1. Silver economy refers to the market under the Disaster Management Act opportunities generated by the young 2005. population. 2. It is a specialised force under the 2. The projected value of Silver Economy in Ministry of Environment, Forest & India is more than $ 40 Billion. Climate Change. 3. As per the Ministry of Statistics, the Elderly 3. It played a major role in mitigating population in India has registered decadal disasters such as the Uttarakhand growth of 40% between 2021-2031. Floods of 2013. Which of the statements given above is/are Which of the statements given above correct? is/are correct? a) 1 only a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2, and 3 d) 2 only Answer: b Answer: c Q3: Which of the following statements is NOT correct? a) Swachh Bharat Mission was launched on Gandhi Jayanti in 2014 to achieve Universal sanitation coverage. b) AMRUT Mission was launched in 2020 to transform urban infrastructure. c) National Mission for Clean Ganga to Rejuvenate Ganga River was launched in 2014. d) GOBAR - Dhan Scheme was launched under the Swachh Bharat Mission in 2018. Answer: b