WHII Study Guide Explorers and Colonization PDF

Name: **WHII: Study Guide Explorers and Colonization** **Explorers and Colonization** 1. What city was conquered by the Ottomans in 1453? Constantinople 2. What effect did this have on European trade? Sought new maritime routes for trade. 3. What two main resources did Europeans demand? G...

Name: **WHII: Study Guide Explorers and Colonization** **Explorers and Colonization** 1. What city was conquered by the Ottomans in 1453? Constantinople 2. What effect did this have on European trade? Sought new maritime routes for trade. 3. What two main resources did Europeans demand? Gold and Spices 4. What religion did they want to spread? Chrsitianity 5. What type of competition between European countries contributed to European Exploration? Political and economic 6. What technology advanced thanks to exchange of ideas between Europe and Islamic cultures? Navigational arts 7. Who was the famous Prince who sponsored voyages up and down the coast of Africa, mapped some of Africa and began what would be the modern slave trade? Prince Henry the navigator 8. People looked for new opportunities in the New World. 9. Exploration & Conquest: Match the Explorer/Conqueror with their activities: a. Portugal: Vasco da Gama [E] Sailed around the globe (circumnavigated) b. Spain: Christopher Columbus [A] sailed to India around Africa c. Spain: Hernando Cortez [C] conquered Mexico from the Aztecs d. Spain: Francisco Pizarro [B] (re)discovered the Americas e. Spain: Ferdinand Magellan [G] Claimed Canada for France f. England: Francis Drake [F] Defeated Spanish, fought over land in the Americas g. France: Jacques Cartier [D] Explored South America and conquered Incas 10. What religion did colonists bring to new lands? Christianity and Protestanism 11. Why did many Protestants leave Europe to settle in new lands? Because of religious persecution in England and Spain **[Colonialism ]** 12. In general what did Europeans set up in the Americas? Empires 13. In general what did Europeans set up in Africa and Asia? Economic relationships 14. Who were the main European countries to settle in the Americas? Spain, Portugal, France, and england 15. What two Empires located in the Americas was destroyed by Spanish Conquistadors? Aztec and Inca 16. What is the root English word of Conquistador? Conquest (already answered for you) 17. What kind of rule was used in colonies throughout Latin America (Spanish/Portuguese territory)? Rigid class system or dictorial rule 18. Who was forcibly migrated to the colonies? Africans 19. What three main cultural items were forced on the native populations? Religion, dress, and language 20. In Africa what were the two main items traded/desired by the Europeans? Slaves and gold 21. What invention did the Europeans sell to African societies? Fire arms 22. What did Portuguese set up along the coast of Africa? Posts/forts 23. Who was the first European country to abolish slavery in 1807? Britan 24. In Asia who began the process of colonization? Small group of merchants 25. What three countries used trading companies? India, the indies, and china 26. What are two of the most famous trading companies? West and East India 27. How long does European Colonization last? 1500-1960s **[Columbian Exchange and Triangle Trade]** 28. What two hemispheres were connected by Columbus' (re)discovery of the Americas? East and West 29. What are the continents that make up the "Old World"? Europe, Asia, and Africa 30. What are the continents that make up the "New World"? North and South America 31. Columbian Exchange: Place the items that were exchanged with way they were exchanged: - Diseases, Corn, Maize, Horses, Cattle, Potatoes, Chocolate, and Oranges Old World -\> New World: Horses, Cattle, Oranges, Disease New World -\> Old World: Corn, Maize, Potatoes, Chocolate 32. Europeans greatly Benefited (**benefited** or **suffered**) from the agricultural products gained in the Columbian Exchange. 33. Why were African Slaves brought to the Americans? Shortage of labor 34. What happened to the indigenous economies and cultures in the Americas as a result of the European plantation system? Got destroyed 35. What is the name of the Atlantic trade pattern that developed after Columbian Exchange began? Triangular Trade 36. What three continents were connected by the Triangle Trade? Europe, Africa, and Americas 37. In the Triangle Trade, Manufactured goods were traded from Europe to Africa for Slaves. Then Slaves were transported to the Americas to be traded for Raw Materials then the Raw Materials would be transported to Europe to be traded for Manufactured Goods. **(Fill in the blanks with Raw Materials, Slaves, Manufactured Goods)** 38. What effect did enslavement have on the Africans? Many families were destroyed (separated or killed) and Africa lost their fittest members of society to the slave trade. 39. What was the name of the deadly trip across the Atlantic that was forced on the Africans? Middle Passage 40. The impact of the Triangle Trade was large amounts of Gold and silver were exported to Europe. 41. Indigenous empires were destroyed and Spain (a European country) became a world power. 42. What kind of trade began in this era? International Trade= worldwide trade. (already answered for you) 43. An example of a manufactured good is... Cloth 44. An example of a raw material is... Crops 45. At this time slavery became based on Race Be able to Identify: The major **Explorers/Conqueror's** and their journey. Be able to identify the major Colonies and territories of the **Spanish, Portuguese, French and British**.