SS History of the Americas PDF

1. Ghana itself was rich in gold. 2. In fact, Africans sometimes cut up slabs of salt and used the pieces as money. 3. The authorities forced traders to pay taxes. 4. Islam- submission, Islamic Holy Book-Qur’an. 5. Islam was founded in the 600s by an Arab named Muhammad. 6. Muslims believe that God...

1. Ghana itself was rich in gold. 2. In fact, Africans sometimes cut up slabs of salt and used the pieces as money. 3. The authorities forced traders to pay taxes. 4. Islam- submission, Islamic Holy Book-Qur’an. 5. Islam was founded in the 600s by an Arab named Muhammad. 6. Muslims believe that God had spoken to Muhammad through an angel Gabriel 7. Mali lay along the fertile Niger River. Mali controlled many trade routes. 8. Mansa Musa-King ruled 25 yrs (1312-1337) who promoted education and Islam. 9. Important trade cities, - Timbuktu, Djenné (je-nay), and Gao 10. Askia the Great was a devout Muslim who supported education and learning. 11. They contained great mosques, universities, schools, and libraries. 12. Viking Sailor Leif Eriksson (1000 AD) set off for Greenland. 13. Prince Henry (1400s) built an observatory, school of navigation, and better maps. 14. Astrolabe - used to chart a ship’s location based on the position of stars 15. Caravel- smaller lighter easier to steer than earlier galleons 16. Columbus Sails Across the Atlantic in 1492 17. 3 ships - Niña, Pinta, Santa María. The ships landed on the Bahamas. 18. In 1493, Pope Alexander VI issued the Line of Demarcation that divided the Atlantic Ocean. 19. 1501 Amerigo Vespucci led a Spanish fleet to the coast of present-day South America. Europeans began using the names North America and South America 20. In 1519, Ferdinand Magellan sailed around globe. 21. The Columbian Exchange-European explorers and settlers took plants and animals with them to the Americas. They brought back new plants and animals to Europe, Asia, and Africa. Explorers introduced deadly diseases to the Americas. 22. Conquistadors-Spanish soldiers who led military expeditions in the Americas 23. Smallpox hastened the fall of the Aztec. Smallpox- the world’s deadliest disease 24. By 1534 Francisco Pizarro had conquered the entire Inca Empire. 25. The Encomienda System-Gave settlers the right to tax Native Americans and make them work on plantations -large farms that grew just one sort of crop. 26. Bartolomé de Las Casas said that the Spanish should try to convert Native Americans to Christianity by showing them love, gentleness, and kindness. 27. Jamestown founded in 1607 as an economic venture. 28. This was the first permanent English settlement in America. 29. Jamestown was based on English representative government. 30. Arrival of women had a great impact as there now were families present. 31. The Powhatans helped the people of Jamestown survive. 32. A Protestant group, the Puritans wanted to purify, or reform, the Anglican Church. 33. Pilgrims were Separatist group that left England to escape persecution. 34. Immigrants —people who have left their birth country to live in another country