SSC-102 Reviewer PDF

Refers to the set of beliefs, ideas, Composed of physical or Intangible properties and values, practices, knowledge, history tangible objects produced, elements of society that and shared experiences, attitudes as shared and utilized within...

Refers to the set of beliefs, ideas, Composed of physical or Intangible properties and values, practices, knowledge, history tangible objects produced, elements of society that and shared experiences, attitudes as shared and utilized within influence the patterns of well as material objects and society. action and behavior of its possessions accumulated overtime MATERIAL CULTURE members. and shared by the members. NON-MATERIAL CULTURE CULTURE Refer to things that convey Set of symbols that enables Shared ideas, norms and meaning or represent an idea. members of society to principles that provide SYMBOLS communicate. members of society the LANGUAGE standards that pertain to what is right or wrong, good Shared rules of conduct that Kind of norms where it can or bad and desirable or determine specific behavior be violated without serious undesirable. among society members. consequences. VALUES NORMS FOLKWAYS A kind of norms where it A kind of norms that are legally is with moral enacted and enforce. Refers to the lifelong process of forging identity through connotations. LAWS social interaction. MORES SOCIALIZATION Refers to the process by which an individual learns or acquires the Refers to particular Considers culture as equal. important aspects of his or her circumstances of a certain RELATIVISTIC APPROACH society’s culture. culture and is defined by ENCULTURATION location, weather, time period, and other factors. Belief that one’s nature is CONTEXT superior to other cultures. Consider their culture as inferior ETHNOCENTRIC APPROACH to others. XENOCENTRISM This recognizes and accepts cultural differences and accepts It relates culture with the cultural differences among overall context of social societies. order. CULTURAL RELATIVISM SOCIOLOGY Operates on the assumption that society is a stable and orderly system. Assumes that there is a Views individual and group constant power struggle STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM behavior and social among the various social interactions as defining groups and institutions within features society. It examines culture as vital society. SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM aspect of society. CONFLICT THEORY POLITICAL SCIENCE An ideology that acknowledges and promotes cultural diversity within society. MULTICULTURALISM -Advances awareness and acceptance of cultural differences but encourages a critical instance in dealing with issues regarding diversity. CULTURAL SENSITIVITY The distinctive characteristics that Allows people to understand A branch of science which defines an individual or is shared by themselves in relation to others and identity, culture, society and those belonging to a particular group. provides them a lens through which politics are studied. Identity they base what is considered the SOCIAL SCIENCE “right way” of doing things. The systematic study of the A society’s way of live, provide the biological, cultural and social aspects basis for forging identities. Studies how social patterns of a man. and practices and cultural CULTURE - Integrates elements from biological variations develop across sciences and humanities to fully societies. GIVE FAMOUS comprehend the complex human ANTHROPOLOGISTS : SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY species. ANTHROPOLOGY EDWARD BURNETT TAYLOR, Studies cultural variation MARGARET MEAD, FRANZ across different societies Studies language and BOAS and examines the need to discourse and how they reflect understand each culture in and shape different aspects of Studies the origin of human as its own context. human society and culture. well as the interplay between CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY social factors and the processes C of human evolution. Attempts to provide deeper BIOLOGICAL/PHYSICAL Prehistoric societies by assessment of individual and group ANTHROPOLOGY studying their tools and behavior as well as social environment. phenomena, by examining the ARCHAELOGOY Contributors of sociology interplay between economic, political and social factors. AUGUST COMTE Focuses on the fundamental Seeks to explain bases of social order KARL MARX values of equality, freedom and change. and justice and its processes JOHN LOCKE are linked to the dynamics of SOCIOLOGY HERBERT SPENCER conflict, resolution and cooperation. EMILE DURKHEIM POLITICAL SCIENCE CONTRIBUTORS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE MAX WEBBER ARISTOTLE Evaluates the interplay PLATO Explains how the government functions between economics, politics and how decisions and policies are made. and law and its implications to JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU the various institutions within PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION society. Compares domestic politics and POLITICAL ECONOMY governance systems across A group of individuals sharing a different sovereign states. common culture, geographical SOCIETY is Characterized by: COMPARATIVE POLITICS location and government. SOCIAL SOLIDARITY SOCIETY SHARED IDENTITY AND CULTURE Considered as the first society. COMMON LANGUAGE - Introduction of agriculture HUNTING AND GATHERING as a more stable food Large Population and the ability to production method. sustain succeeding generations of HORTICULTURAL AND members. PASTURING Definite geographical area Food production became more efficient due to the new Political, Economic and Social methods of farming, invention Organization. Technological advancements of advance tools resulted in the invention of establishment of permanent machines that improved Knowledge is a commodity and settlements. production. technological innovation is a key to AGRICULTURE SOCIETIES Rise of urban centers or cities long-lasting growth and development. INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES POST INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES