Sociology- Global Stratification PDF

Global stratification: Non material strata in our society. Rely on state borders. “Countries”. Are arbitrary- depend on groups that have the power to create these divisions. NATIONS VS STATE: Refers to the national borders. Canada is a state. Nation is a group of people that share some form of hist...

Global stratification: Non material strata in our society. Rely on state borders. “Countries”. Are arbitrary- depend on groups that have the power to create these divisions. NATIONS VS STATE: Refers to the national borders. Canada is a state. Nation is a group of people that share some form of historical and important social connection. Can grow across borders. A general picture of wealth in the world: 1) wealth of a country controls half of the world's wealth. 2) the wealth of people within that country. How to identify if a country is wealthy: The capita, how much money do people in the country have, what they are wearing, building and architecture, how do people live and theres lots of poverty on the streets, natural resources. Theories of global stratification: 1) competing interest: Compete for global resources; jobs etc. Grand plan: divide the world into pieces Borders: from a prospective of an empire: allow to contain workers. Restrict the spread of workers rights. Russia created the warsaw pact to protect communism US created nato to protect democracy 2 types of colonization: 1) settler colonization. 2)Extraction colonization Theories of how global inequalities occur: Infrastructure, technology, how clean the streets are sources, jobs, and income. How do we know a country is rich: how much wealth, industrialization: The production of the people, amount of manual labor, consumer buying power, distribution of wealth. Foreign aid: One of the biggest reasons that resources go back and forth in order to help each other. 4 main aspects of foreign aid: 1) effect on local economy: Can be long term not all foreign aid is designed to help. Can harm economies, 2) strings attached: A country will have to do something in return for the aid. 3) filter effect: The aid doesn't always go where you want it to. 4) Can often be short term: Do something great for the economy and then it stops and no one continues to serve the aid. Moves on from 1 problem to another. Ex: Natural disasters Foreign aid may be designed to help people, but never really changes the distribution of global wealth. Levels of development and modernization theory: Overtime countries modernize and develop, follow a linear path. See ther society types as inferior and barriers to progress. That these countries need help. The Assumption that they are better off being developed. When you become more industrialized you will become more capitalist. 3 worlds: 1) developed core countries. 2) Communist periphery 3) underdeveloped semi periphery. Trying to stop the growth of communist states. Acknowledges the development of communist states. Periphery countries are not in main decision making. Core countries are wealthy and make the decisions. World system theories: countries don't have linear development. Different countries have different factors affecting their development to not be linear. Each country is different. Core country main characteristics: Centralized government, stable, tax base, create infrastructure, cutting edge of tech, less manual labor Periphery countries characteristics: Government is decentralized: Unstable, low tax base, older tech, manual labor. Tend to depend on natural resources. Semi periphery: Is the middle because of global affairs. Have some power on the global stage and representation. Some characteristics of core and periphery.