Rizal's Family, Childhood, and Early Influences PDF

RIZAL’S FAMILY, HIS CHILDHOOD AND EARLY INFLUENCES Objectives: 1. Evaluate the people and events and their influence on Rizal’s early life 2. Analyze Rizal’s family, their context, his childhood and early education The Rizal Family The Rizals were a product of mixture of races. In...

RIZAL’S FAMILY, HIS CHILDHOOD AND EARLY INFLUENCES Objectives: 1. Evaluate the people and events and their influence on Rizal’s early life 2. Analyze Rizal’s family, their context, his childhood and early education The Rizal Family The Rizals were a product of mixture of races. In their veins flowed the blood of both east and West – Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese, and Spanish. Predominantly, he was a Malayan and magnificent specimen of Asian manhood. Domingo Lam-co, the family’s paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines from Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17th century and married a Chinese half- breed(probably a Meztizo) by the name of Ines de la Rosa. Parents Francisco Mercado Teodora Alonso (1818-1898) (1826-1911) Father Born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818 Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila Became a tenant-farmer (Inquilino) of the Dominican- owned hacienda Hardy and independent-minded man, who talked less and Worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit Died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80 Rizal affectionately called him “a model of fathers” Francisco Mercado (1818-1898) Mother Born in Manila on November 8, 1826 Educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well-known college for girls in the city A remarkable woman, possessing refined culture, literary talent, business ability, and the fortitude of Spartan women A woman of more than ordinary culture: she knows literature and speaks Spanish (according to Rizal) Died in Manila on August 16, Teodora Alonso 1911 at the age of 85 (1826-1911) Siblings Nicknamed Neneng Married to Manuel Hidalgo, a native and one of the richest persons in Tanauan Batangas Saturnina Mercado (1850-1913) Siblings Older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal He was a second father to Rizal Immortalized him in Rizal’s first novel Noli Me Tangere as the wise Pilosopo Tasio Rizal regarded him as the “most noble of Filipinos” Became a combat general in the Philippine Revolution Died on April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged 79 Paciano Rizal (1851-1930) Siblings Nicknamed Sisa Married to Antonio Lopez, a musician and teacher from Morong, Rizal They had nine children It is said that she could recite from her memory almost all poems of Jose Painstakingly searched the cemeteries in Manila for Rizal’s burial place.1 Narcisa Mercado (1852-1939) Siblings Nicknamed Ypia Married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila They had three children Rizal confided to her about his first sweetheart, Segunda Katigbak Olimpia Mercado (1855-1887) Siblings Married Mariano Herbosa of Calamba who was a nephew of Fr. Casanas Herbosa died of cholera in 1889 and was denied a Christian burial because of his relation to Rizal They had seven children Their daughter Delfina, first wife of Gen. Salvador Natividad helped Marcela Agoncillo make the first Filipino flag in Lucia Mercado Hong Kong (1857-1919) Siblings Nicknamed Biang Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Binan, Laguna They had five children, the last three died young Rizal talked to her about wanting to marry Josephine Bracken whom his family disapproved Maria Mercado (1859-1945) Siblings Jose Mercado Rizal (1861-1896) Siblings Nicknamed Concha Concepcio Died of sickness at the n Mercado age of three Her death was Jose’s (1862-1865) first sorrow in life Siblings Nicknamed Trining She was also a member of the Katipunan and became the custodian of Rizal’s elegy Mi Ultimo Adios She was also an old maid and died at the age of 83 Trinidad Mercado (1870-1929) Siblings Nicknamed Choleng Married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba, Laguna They had five children She became a teacher and said to have been “the best educated” among Rizal’s sisters Soledad Mercado (1870-1929) Why Rizal? The surname Mercado was adapted by Rizal’s paternal great-great grandfather, Domingo Lamco, in 1731. It means market in Spanish. The surname Rizal came from the word ‘Ricial’ in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still green, sprouts again The Mercados wanted to distance themselves with the issue of death of GomBurZa because Jose Burgos was a closed friend of Paciano. For Jose to enter Manila schools without any discrimination, he used the surname Rizal. Where did the Rizals live? In 1876, when he was 15 years old and was a student at the Ateneo de Manila, he wrote a poem entitled Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town). Calamba is a component of Laguna. It is situated 54 kilometers (34 mi) south of Manila. Where did the Rizals live? Ang kamusmusan ko sa bayan kong giliw dito’y masagana ang saya ko’t aliw ng naggagandahang tugtog at awitin siyang nagtataboy ng luha’t hilahil Hayo na, bumalik ka’t muli mong dalawin ang katauhan ko’y dagling pagsamahin Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (1876) tulad ng pagbalik ng ibon sa hardin sa pananagana ng bukong nagbitin. Where did the Rizals live? The Rizal house in Calamba, Laguna (Left – Old house, Right – Rizal Shrine) Rizal’s early influences 1.Filial Influences Don Francisco taught Rizal on profound sense of self respect, love of work and independent thinking Doña Teodora taught the values of self sacrifice, the importance of religion and passion for arts and literature Jose learned from his sisters to be courteous and kind to women Paciano instilled the love of freedom and justice Death of his sister Concha at the age of 3 Uncle Jose Alberto, Uncle Gregorio and Uncle Manuel taught Rizal about regular studies, to read and to be creative, and the cultivation of one’s physique The Moth and the Flame morals Doña Teodora: “Do not behave like the young moth; Do not be disobedient or you may get burnt as it did” Pepe: Flame as the source of knowledge Rizal’s early influences 2. Immediate Influences At 9 in Biñan, Rizal studied Latin under Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz; Tandang Juancho freely gave Jose painting lessons. In 1872 two events shook the colonial society: (1) Cavite Mutiny and (2) execution of GomBurZa. Doña Teodora was arrested on malicious charge that she aided Jose Alberto in trying to poison his wife. She was forced to walk 50 kilometers from Calamba to Santa Cruz Activity Read the final letters of Jose Rizal to his parents. Examine the content of the letters to one another. Answer the following content based on your analysis of the letters: 1.What are the facts of the letter? 2.What kind of relationship did Rizal have with his: a.Father – Don Francisco b.Mother - Doña Teodora