Sheet 2 PDF - Electrical Safety (Arabic)

1. **Low voltage does not mean low hazard, discuss.**.‫ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﻓﻲ أن اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ وﺟﻮد ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ Answer (English):** Low voltage can still pose significant hazards, as it s the** current, not just the voltage, that determines the severity of the s...

1. **Low voltage does not mean low hazard, discuss.**.‫ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﻓﻲ أن اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ وﺟﻮد ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ Answer (English):** Low voltage can still pose significant hazards, as it s the** current, not just the voltage, that determines the severity of the shock. Even low voltages can carry enough current to cause harm, especially if it passes through vital.organs or disrupts the body s normal electrical functions ‫ ﺣﻴﺚ إن اﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﻟﻴﺲ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬،‫** ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺧﻄﻮرة ﻛﺒﻴﺮة‬:(Answer (Arabic** ‫ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ إذا ﻣﺮ‬،‫ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﻴﺎرًا ﻛﺎﻓﻴًﺎ ﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ اﻷذى‬.‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﺪة اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬.‫ﻋﺒﺮ أﻋﻀﺎء ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ أو أﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ 2. **Compare between primary and secondary hazards caused by electricity.**.‫ﻗﺎرن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ Answer (English):** Primary hazards of electricity include electric shock and** burns directly caused by contact with live parts, while secondary hazards encompass.fires, explosions, and falls resulting from the primary incident ‫** ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺻﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء واﻟﺤﺮوق اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة ﻋﻦ اﻻ‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ واﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات واﻟﺴﻘﻮط ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺤﺎدث اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬،‫ﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﺎﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺤﻴﺔ‬ 3. **How primary hazards cause injuries?** ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت؟‬ Answer (English):** Primary hazards cause injuries through electric shock, which** disrupts the body's normal electrical functions, and burns from contact with.energized parts or electrical arcs  ‫**‪ **:(Answer (Arabic‬اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺻﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻢ‪ ،‬واﻟﺤﺮوق ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﺎﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺸﺤﻮﻧﺔ أو اﻟﻘﻮس اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫**‪4. **Discuss how secondary hazards caused by electricity.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺣﺪوث اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫**‪Answer (English):** Secondary hazards caused by electricity include fires due to‬‬ ‫‪short circuits or overheating, explosions from electrical arcs igniting flammable‬‬ ‫‪materials, and falls resulting from shock-induced muscular reactions or‬‬ ‫‪.disorientation‬‬ ‫**‪ **:(Answer (Arabic‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﺤﺮاﺋﻖ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﺘﻤﺎﺳﺎت أو اﻟﺴﺨﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاﺋﺪة‪ ،‬واﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎرات ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎل اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻘﻮس اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺴﻘﻮط ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻀﻼت اﻟﻤﺤﺪﺛﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ أو ﻓﻘﺪان اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫**?‪5. **What is risk assessment‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ؟‬ ‫**‪,Answer (English):** Risk assessment involves evaluating potential hazards‬‬ ‫‪estimating the likelihood of harm, and implementing measures to mitigate or‬‬ ‫‪.eliminate risks to health and safety‬‬ ‫**‪ **:(Answer (Arabic‬ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ اﻷﺧﻄﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺮر‪ ،‬وﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﺑﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ أو اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫**?‪6. **How can you use the electrical equipment safely‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻣﺎن؟‬ Answer (English):** To use electrical equipment safely, follow proper installation** and maintenance procedures, use insulation and protective gear, avoid overloading.circuits, and adhere to safety regulations and guidelines ،‫ اﺗﺒﻊ إﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ واﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬،‫** ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻣﺎن‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ واﻻﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎت واﻹرﺷﺎدات اﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬،‫ وﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة‬،‫واﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻌﺰل واﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻮاﻗﻴﺔ‬ 7. **Give examples of danger signs.**.‫أﻋﻂ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﺮ‬ Answer (English):** Danger signs for electrical hazards include high voltage** warning signs, signs indicating the presence of electrical arcs, and signs warning of.electric shock hazards ‫ واﻟﻌ‬،‫** ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ وﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺻﺪﻣﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ إﻟﻰ وﺟﻮد ﻗﻮس ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ 8. **According to your study, why you need to reduce risks?** ‫ ﻟﻤﺎذا ﺗﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ؟‬،‫وﻓًﻘﺎ ﻟﺪراﺳﺘﻚ‬ ,Answer (English):** Risks need to be reduced to prevent injuries, fatalities** damage to property, and disruptions to operations, ensuring a safe and productive.environment for workers and the public ‫** ﺗﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت واﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎت واﻷﺿﺮار ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎت واﻻ‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ ﻟﻀﻤﺎن ﺑﻴﺌﺔ آﻣﻨﺔ وإﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎل واﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر‬،‫ﺿﻄﺮاﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ 9. **How can the risks be reduced?**  ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ؟‬ Answer (English):** Risks can be reduced through measures such as** implementing safety protocols, providing training to personnel, conducting regular.inspections and maintenance, using protective equipment, and engineering controls ‫ وﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ‬،‫** ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻت اﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬،‫ واﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻮاﻗﻴﺔ‬،‫ وإﺟﺮاء اﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎت واﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺪورﻳﺔ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ‬ 10. **AC electricity has no hazard risk. True or false with giving the reasons.**.‫ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ أو ﺧﻄﺄ ﻣﻊ إﻋﻄﺎء اﻷﺳﺒﺎب‬.‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﺪى اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﺑﺔ ﺧﻄﺮ‬ Answer (English):** False. AC electricity can pose hazards, including electric** ,shock, burns, fires, and explosions, depending on factors such as voltage, current.and exposure duration ،‫ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺻﺪﻣﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﺑﺔ ﺧﻄﻮرة‬.‫** ﺧﻄﺄ‬:(Answer (Arabic**.‫ اﻋﺘﻤﺎًدا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺠﻬﺪ واﻟﺘﻴﺎر وﻣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﺮض‬،‫ واﻧﻔﺠﺎرات‬،‫ وﺣﺮاﺋﻖ‬،‫وﺣﺮوق‬ 11. **How can you differentiate AC and DC electricity hazards?** ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﺑﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮة؟‬ Answer (English):** AC electricity poses a higher risk of causing muscle** contractions and involuntary movements, while DC electricity tends to cause continuous muscle contraction, making it harder to release from the source. AC also.has a higher likelihood of causing fibrillation, a life-threatening condition ‫** ُﺗﻌﺮض اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﺑﺔ ﻟﺨﻄﺮ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﺼﺎت اﻟﻌﻀﻼت واﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎت‬:(Answer (Arabic**  ‫ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮة إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻧﻘﺒﺎض اﻟﻌﻀﻼت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬،‫ﻏﻴﺮ اﻹرادﻳﺔ‬ ‫ وﻫﻮ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻬﺪد‬،‫ ﻛﻤﺎ أن اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﺑﺔ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﺮﺟﻔﺎن‬.‫اﻟﺼﻌﺐ إﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬.‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎة‬ 12. **Electric shock, Arc flash, and Arc blast are the three categories of electrical hazards that can cause injury, compare.** ‫ﺻﺪﻣﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﻗﻮس ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ واﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﻗﻮس ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻫﻲ ﺛﻼث ﻓﺌﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬.‫ ﻗﺎرن ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫أن ﺗﺴﺒﺐ إﺻﺎﺑﺎت‬ Answer (English):** Electric shock involves contact with an energized source, arc** flash is a sudden release of energy resulting in an explosion-like effect, and arc blast is the pressure wave and debris propelled outward by an arc flash, each presenting.different risks and injury potentials ‫ وﻗﻮس اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻫﻮ إﻃﻼق‬،‫** ﺻﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺗﻨﻄﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻤﺼﺪر ﻣﺸﺤﻮن‬:(Answer (Arabic** ‫ واﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﻗﻮس اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﺔ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ واﻟﺤﻄﺎم اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺔ إﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎر‬.‫ﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﺪم ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ وإﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت إﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ٌ ‫ ﻛ‬،‫اﻟﺨﺎرج ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻗﻮس ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ 13. **What is static electricity? And illustrate how can it be dangerous.**.‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ؟ واﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻜﻮن ﺧﻄﻴﺮة‬ Answer (English):** Static electricity is an imbalance of electric charges within or** on the surface of a material. It can be dangerous when it accumulates on surfaces in flammable or explosive environments, potentially leading to ignition and fire or.explosion.‫** اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ داﺧﻞ أو ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬:(Answer (Arabic** ‫ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻜﻮن ﺧﻄﻴﺮة ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﺮاﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺌﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎل أو اﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎر‬.‫اﺷﺘﻌﺎﻟﻬﺎ وﻧﺸﻮب ﺣﺮﻳﻖ أو اﻧﻔﺠﺎر‬ 14. **List some general health and safety rules when working with electrical  equipment.**.‫أذﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ Answer (English):** Some general health and safety rules when working with** electrical equipment include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment ,PPE), de-energizing circuits before working on them, using insulated tools) maintaining a safe distance from energized parts, and following lockout/tagout.procedures ‫** ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬:(Answer (Arabic** ،‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷدوات اﻟﻤﻌﺰوﻟﺔ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻞ اﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ارﺗﺪاء ﻣﻌﺪات اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬.‫وﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎت‬/‫ واﺗﺒﺎع إﺟﺮاءات ﻗﻔﻞ‬،‫اﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ آﻣﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺸﺤﻮﻧﺔ‬