Session 9 - LNOB.pdf

Leaving No One Behind Outline Review of Last Class The UN Common Agenda The Leaving No One Behind Framework LNOB and the Human Rights-Based Approach Operationalizing LNOB Challenges of LNOB Synthesis Review of Last Class Addressing poverty requires the attention and idea of all approaches we’ve stud...

Leaving No One Behind Outline Review of Last Class The UN Common Agenda The Leaving No One Behind Framework LNOB and the Human Rights-Based Approach Operationalizing LNOB Challenges of LNOB Synthesis Review of Last Class Addressing poverty requires the attention and idea of all approaches we’ve studied To be poor is to experience ‘poor’ livelihood or life outcomes Addressing poverty is not just for those who experience it in the present Eliminating poverty is also for those who are yet to come The UN Common Agenda During the UN’s 75th anniversary (2020), member states and governments announced twelve commitments of: Leaving no one behind Protecting our planet Promoting peace and preventing conflict Abiding by international law and ensuring justice Placing women and girls at the center Building trust Improving digital cooperation Upgrading the UN Ensuring sustainable financing Boosting partnerships Listening and working with the youth Being prepared Leaving No One Behind Central and transformative promise of the SDGs Eradicate all forms of poverty End discrimination and exclusion Reduce inequalities, vulnerabilities Rooted in: Equality Non-discrimination Equity Leaving No One Behind SDGs as globally and nationally owned UN Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework Formal name for SDG initiatives of a country Nationally-owned Anchored in a country’s development priorities Represents a country’s commitment to its people Must be additionally guided by a human rights-based approach, gender equality, and women empowerment What are Human Rights? Amartya Sen’s perspective on human rights: Primarily ethical demands Underlying principles of freedoms Often discussed in a legal context, but constitutively ethical Some rights are best protected by “mere” social acceptance and legal protections may come after Significance of Human Rights Enables freedoms that demonstrate social importance and social influenceability Realization of rights have a sense of accountability by persons Rights holders: those who have the ability to claim and exercise those rights Duty bearers: those responsible in realizing the rights Human rights are our obligation to everyone Respect, protect, and fulfill Empowerment as critical to combat poverty LNOB and HRBA: Complementarities LNOB HRBA Guiding principles Programming tool Political commitment Legal obligation Requires disaggregated data Shares key elements of non-discrimination and equality Addressing gender inequalities as priorities HRBA lending its methodology to LNOB Promotes free, active, and meaningful participation Operationalizing LNOB Step 1: Gathering the evidence: Who? Step 2: Prioritization and analysis: Why? Step 3: Doing what should be done: What? Step 4: Measuring and monitoring progress: How? Step 5: Advancing accountability Cross-cutting guidance: Meaningful participation Gathering the evidence: Who? Main questions: Who is being left behind? Who among the people who are being left behind, face severe and/or intersecting deprivations and disadvantages or multiple forms of discrimination that make them likely to be the furthest behind? Gathering the evidence: Who? Gather and analyze data Compile and analyze all available data Consult with communities Critical element in ensuring voices and experiences of everyone Identify and prioritize data gaps What do we not know? Whom do we have no information on and why? Fill data gaps Complementing quantitative and qualitative data Data analysis and triangulation → back to consulting with communities Prioritization and analysis: Why? Prioritizing Who are among the furthest left behind? Who is vulnerable to being left behind? Asking Why Why are people left behind? What are the immediate, underlying root causes of the deprivations, disadvantages or discriminations that cause them to be left behind? Prioritization and analysis: Why? Causal Analysis Why? Which rights are implicated that explain why there is a problem? Role Pattern Analysis Who? Who are the duty bearers? Who are the rights holders? Who has to do something about it? Capacity Gap Analysis What? What capacity gaps are preventing duty-bearers from fulfilling their duties? What capacity gaps are preventing rights holders from claiming their rights? What do they need to take action? Doing what should be done: What? Identifying actions and interventions Menu of Actions and Interventions Advocacy Create Enabling Environments Laws, policies, practices, and institutions Capacity Development Stakeholders, duty bearers, supporting civil society Community Empowerment Enhance Quality and Accessibility of Services Ensure Social Protection Reaches Those Left Behind Partnerships Prioritizing Actions National priorities where progress is stuck, uneven or not reaching subsets of the population Recommendations from international human rights, ILO supervisory, and regional mechanisms Outcomes of consultations with people left behind, including at the local level The extent of inequalities within and between populations or groups, including gender inequalities Where high levels of absolute deprivations persist, focus on minimum living standards, inclusive growth and enabling the poorest populations, including those with compounding disadvantages In countries where most have attained minimum living standards, relative progress may take on greater importance Refocus existing programs and portfolios to better address root and immediate causes of people being left behind Measuring and monitoring progress: How? Contextualize and localize indicators and targets Structural or commitment indicators – changes in domestic legal and policy frameworks and strategies for SDG fulfillment Process or effort indicators – continuously assessed data for SDG milestones and outputs Outcome or result indicators – impact data on an individual and collective level that reflect the realization of the SDGs Monitoring needs, especially in developing countries Support innovative ways of tracking, visualizing, and sharing information Develop monitoring capacity Advancing Accountability Ensuring accountability to the people left behind Integrate and operationalize the principle of LNOB into different SDG strategies, policy and program Being LNOB-centered, pre- and post-impact analysis, organizational diversity, inclusive programming Implement inclusive and related accountability tools UNCT SWAP Gender Equality Scorecard, UNCT Accountability Scorecard on Disability Inclusion, Youth2030 UNCT Scorecard Consistently engage with communities and people left behind Offer protection for communities Speak with one voice on LNOB Advancing Accountability Support the integration of LNOB in SDG follow-up and review processes Inclusion of an LNOB assessment in all SDG review processes at the national, regional, and global levels Catalyzation of national and local participatory SDG platforms and reporting mechanisms, or processes Facilitation of linkages within and between other kinds of reporting and accountability mechanisms Promotion of innovative and informal forms of accountability Support engagement of civil society in SDG follow-ups and reviews Promotion of indicator use to track engagements Work together to facilitate and advance broad-based advocacy campaigns Advancing National Accountability Include recommendations by international human rights mechanisms Map existing government organizations, NGOs, or networks that monitor national plans to achieve the SDGs and other relevant processes such as humanitarian response plans Ensure transparency in the resource allocation, prioritization, implementation and review of the national plans to achieve SDGs and to ensure that no one is left behind by making all this information accessible to all Advocate to government to ensure that judicial and non-judicial recourse for human rights violations and, if necessary, remedies are accessible to people or groups being left behind Support for further strengthening social accountability mechanisms at the local level Ensuring support for civic space and the voice of minority, indigenous, LGBTI and other human rights defenders Meaningful Participation Participatory consultations Feedback mechanisms Challenges of LNOB Data limitations Collection instrument limitations Lack of disaggregated data Omission of marginalized or hard to reach groups Poor data quality and timeliness Data collection flaws (concepts, definitions, methods, etc.) Ensuring meaningful participation Challenges of LNOB The politics of it all How can we bring together the right stakeholders at the right time in the right place? How do we make difficult trade-offs? How do we build in accountability for action? Synthesis To be poor is to be left behind Movement towards data-driven development The importance of monitoring and evaluation Community consultation as a critical element Eradicating poverty requires us to think globally but act locally LNOB requires ownership on multiple levels