Sepsis And Meningitis PDF

Dr. Samin Q. Mohammed M.B.Ch.B – C.A.B.M.S Sepsis and meningitis Early-onset infection occurs in the 1st wk of life and is generally the consequence of infection caused by organisms acquired during the perinatal period. Late-onset infection occurs between 7 and 30 days of lif...

Dr. Samin Q. Mohammed M.B.Ch.B – C.A.B.M.S Sepsis and meningitis Early-onset infection occurs in the 1st wk of life and is generally the consequence of infection caused by organisms acquired during the perinatal period. Late-onset infection occurs between 7 and 30 days of life and may include bacteria, viruses, or other organisms that are typically acquired in the postnatal period.  The most common bacteria are group B streptococcus (GBS), Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella spp. Salmonella spp. are common causes of gram-negative sepsis in developing countries include Citrobacter , enterococci, gonococci, Listeria monocytogenes , Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. The more common viruses (CMV), HSV, enteroviruses, and HIV Risk factors 1-term male infants 2- LBW infants 3- maternal chorioamnionitis 4- congenital immune defects, asplenia, galactosemia 5- malformations leading to high inocula of bacteria (e.g., obstructive uropathy) 6-Resuscitation at birth 7-Prolonged ruptured membranes, Definitions of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and Sepsis in Pediatric Patients SIRS: the systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, manifested by 2 or more of the following conditions: 1-Temperature instability 38.5°C (101.3°F) 2-Respiratory dysfunction: Tachypnea Hypoxemia (PaO 2 3 sec Hypotension 4-Perfusion abnormalities: Oliguria (urine output