RPH-REVIEWER.docx

1\. Gottschalk -- said that history is studied, written, ang taught for its own sake. 2\. Written records -- weak because they view history. 3\. Interpretative -- modern definition of history. 4\. Cultural artifacts -- traditional definitions state that these are not considered as history. 5\. M...

1\. Gottschalk -- said that history is studied, written, ang taught for its own sake. 2\. Written records -- weak because they view history. 3\. Interpretative -- modern definition of history. 4\. Cultural artifacts -- traditional definitions state that these are not considered as history. 5\. Modern -- Two types of definitions in the history. 6\. -- definitions says that historian should do two other important tasks. 7\. Bridging gap -- extent of contemporary problems in the light of their historical roots. 8\. Projecting the future -- history allows speculating intelligently about the future. 10\. - events and developments in the future may be envisioned 9\. Promoting Nationalism -- sense of national pride and sense of devotion to the country. 11\. Traditional -- the notion of no written records, no history. 12\. Oral history -- requires confirmation of data 13\. The perspective of the colonizers in writing about Filipinos was the master-slave relationship -- not included in the difficulties in writing and study history. 14\. Cyclical view -- not included in the difficulties in writing and study history. 15\. Few young people are taking up history major -- lack of trained historians according to the author. 16\. Philosophies -- way of understanding how history unfolds. 17\. Buried artifacts -- not considered as major views. 18\. Unity & Independence -- tool in understanding National Identity of History. 19\. Colonial master's interest & point of view -- Foreign Interpretation according to Filipino Nationalist point of view, which one is the biased and prejudiced. 20\. Filipino can truly express their love and unity -- Filipino point of view can help promote Nationalism. 21\. Marxist view -- says that advocates stress that history is a science, capable of being controlled. 22\. Provident view -- says that man is relegated to the role of a pawn in a game of high stakes. 23\. Providential -- the highest view. 24\. Occur repeatedly in all human -- cyclical view statement. 25\. Febvre -- said that history creates its own subject. 26\. Complete faith in human intelligence and abilities rather than in divine intervention -- progressive view. 27\. Local level -- where scarcity of written materials found. 28\. Some Filipino ethnic groups.... -- lack of representative materials for the whole country. 29\. Southeast -- Philippines is situated in the southeast section. 30\. It is included in the Asia Pacific rim -- geographical features under location. 31\. Bridges -- Philippines was connected to mainland. 32\. 25,000 years ago -- worlds ice melted causing level of the seas to rise. 33\. Mu or lemuria -- Philippines as a remnant of a vast continent & the lost Pacific continent called. 34\. Violent earthquake -- resulted from the faulting and folding of the earth. 35\. Archipelago -- volcanic origin theory forming a what. 36\. Continental drift -- not considered as mythical origin. 37\. Ma. Cristina Falls -- falls is a potential source of power. 38\. 2,000 -- many species of fish found in the Philippine waters. 39\. 10,000 species -- many species of shells are known to science in the country. 40\. 900,000 hectares -- many hectares are left due to exploitative activities. 41\. Tarsier -- smallest nocturnal arboreal mammal in the world. 42\. Monkey -- famous animal eating eagle in the Philippines. 43\. 25,000 species -- many species of insects are known found in the country that exist. 44\. 10,000 species -- Philippine Flora is approximately. 45\. Pandaka pygmaea -- smallest fish in the world. 46\. Marawi sea -- not considered as a good fishing ground of the Philippines. 47\. Laguna -- where can you find the most famous waterfall. 48\. Anini-y -- not considered as plentiful of mineral springs. 49\. Palawan -- where can you found the smallest deer on earth. 50\. Philippines -- where can you found the richest collections of orchids with over 900 species. 51\. Spread Christianity -- main goal of the Spaniards 52\. Encomienda System -- System of spaniards to collect tributes and taxes from Filipinos 53\. Polo Y Servicio - forced labor imposed by the Spaniards 54\. Encomienda System -- Spanish colonists control over Filipino Villages in exchange for the responsibility to Christianize and protect them. 55\. Resettling native Filipinos into towns or pueblos -- Reduccion policy 56\. By forcing Filipinos to work without payment in shipyards -- Galleon trade contribute to the exploitation of the Filipinos 57\. Diego Silang -- prominent Filipino who led a revolt against Spanish colonial rule 58\. Establishing schools and spreading Christianity - Religious orders in the Philippines 59\. Tributo -- Policy that compelled the Filipinos to pay tribute to the Spanish Government 60\. Catholic Friars -- Primarily responsible for converting Filipinos to Christianity during the Spanish colonial period 61\. Collection of agricultural products -- Bandeja System 62\. Real Audiencia -- Spanish institution established to govern the Filipinos and uphold Spanish Law 63\. Siege of Zamboanga - signaled the final conquest and pacification of Muslim Mindanao by the Spaniards 64\. Moros -- resisted the Spanish rule through the longest continuous revolt 65\. Cabezas de Barangay -- Filipino leaders who cooperated with the Spaniards 66\. Silang Revolt -- a revolt led by Diego Silang against Spanish colonizers 67\. Were lands owned by the church and exploitated by the friars -- became a tension between the Filipinos and the Spanish government 68\. Forced Filipinos to work without fair compensation -- Polo Y Servicio a form of exploitation 69\. The laws of Indies -- document legalized Spanish colonization of the Philippines and granted Spain sovereignity over the Islands 70\. To gather people in centralized areas for easier administration and Christianization -- primary purpose of the Spanish reduccion policy.