Risk Management (Pre-Finals) PDF

FIRE SAFETY  Sixth stage: Flashover –with sufficient oxygen these objects ignites Causes of Fire with no direct contact in flame.  Natural causes  Cau...

FIRE SAFETY  Sixth stage: Flashover –with sufficient oxygen these objects ignites Causes of Fire with no direct contact in flame.  Natural causes  Caused by Animal  Seventh stage: Decay or burnout –  Self – ignition when fuel available runs out and  Technical causes oxygen is depleted, the fire become  Negligence less intense.  Arson (intentional putting of fire) When oxygen is too low in an enclosed space, an incipient fire cannot become a Fire Classifications full fire.  Class A: Fires involving extraordinary  Smoldering Fire – the temperature materials such as, paper, straw, can still increase, triggering slow, textiles, rubber, and plastics. flameless combustions.  Class B: Fires involving flammable  Backdraft – may occur if the oxygen liquids such as petrol, diesel, paint, and is suddenly re-introduced in the room. gases such as methane and propane. Putting out the Fires  Class C: Fires involving electrically energized equipment such as  Cooling – it involves decreasing the computers, radios, and toasters. temperature of the burning material.  Class D: Fire involving combustible  Smothering – it involves limiting the metals such as magnesium, aluminum, oxygen supply to the burning material. lithium, sodium, potassium.  Starvation – involves the removal of  Class K: Fires in cooking appliances the fuel source. that involve combustible cooking media such as cooking oil, fat, greases,  Break the combustion process – etc. involve interrupting the chemical chain reaction that ignites the fire. Stages of Fire  First stage: Ignition – where all three Fire Protection Equipment components of fire are joined together - As part of the requirement of the Fire. Code of the Philippines.  Second stage: Incipient – at this stage, fires can be extinguished with a  Fire detection, alarm, and fire or smothering it with a fire blanket. communication system – These notify the building occupants of the  Third stage: Growth – the incipient fire and other emergencies. These can fire becomes the heat source, nearby be initiated manually or automatically fuel will begin to igniting. detection.  Fourth stage: Fully Developed – the  Sprinkler Systems – this consists of entire area will be on the fire and the pipes along a ceiling containing water temperature will can reach over under pressure. 1,000C.  Fifth stage: Full Fire – object around  Standpipe Systems – These piping the fire reaches ignition temperature. and hose connections installed in a  building providing reliable water for manual suppression of fires.  Type 1: Criminal Intent – this is committed by someone with no  Portable Fire Extinguishers – these legitimate relationship to the are apparatuses used to put out a small organization. fire by directing it into a substance that cools the burning material, deprives  Type 2: Customer or Client – it is oxygen, or interferes with the chemical committed by clients of the reactions. organization.  Type 3: Worker-on-Worker – it is How to Operate a Fire Extinguisher committed by the employees of the  P – Pull the pin down. organization.  A – Aim low.  S – Squeeze the lever.  Personal Relationship – it is committed by the spouse or the partner  S – Sweep the nozzle. of the victim in the organization. Human Trafficking EARTHQUAKES - Is the recruitment, transportation, - The sudden shaking of the ground transfer, harboring, or receipt of people caused by the passages of seismic through force, fraud, or deception to waves through the Earth’s rock. exploit them for profit. The Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) EMERGENCY PLANNING  Drop – drop down on the ground, on Emergency – is any sudden set of hands and knees. It reduces the risk s circumstances demanding immediate action. of falling as the ground shakes.  Cover – cover the head and neck and Emergency Response Plan – an integrated find shelter under the sturdy table of set of policies and procedures that allows desk. organizations to prepare for, respond for, and recover from emergency incidents.  Hold – hold onto the shelter until the shaking stops. Cornerstones of an Emergency Plan  Prevention – it ensures emergencies Security Issues in the Tourism and are eliminated or minimized. Hospitality Industry  Preparedness – it ensures that the people in the organization are prepared Workplace violence to respond effectively to an - As an act or threat of any physical emergency. violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior  Response – it ensures that the at work. resources available are used when responding to an emergency.   Recovery – it allows the organization to return to casual operations with as  Damage – is the physical harm of little disruption as posibble. buildings, structure, equipment products, process, and the environment normally caused by accidents. Occupation Health and Safety Workplace Hazards Is the recognition, assessment, and control of hazards associated with the work - Injuries and diseases in the workplace environment. occur due to unsafe acts and conditions. Unsafe Acts Important OHS terms - Occur when employees do not  Health – refers to a sound of state of conform or depart from an established the body and mind of the worker, standard, rule, or policy. which enables him to perform his job normally, in state of well-being. Unsafe Conditions - Are the physical and chemical  Safe/Safety – refers to a physical or properties of a material, machine, or environmental conditions of being environment that could cause injury to protected against failure, breakage, or people, property damage, disrupt accident during work or employment. operations, and other losses.  Work Accident – shall mean an unplanned occurrence resulting in Types of Accidents physical injury, property damage, work stoppage or interference, or any  Struck-Against – refers to an accident combination of thereof. where a worker strike against something.  Near miss accident – undesired event  Struck-By – refers to accidents where that, under slightly different workers struck abruptly with force by circumstances could have resulted in something that moves. harm to people, property damage, business disruption, or a combination  Contact-By – it refers to accident in of thereof. which an object or agent moves toward the worker.  Occupational/work injury – any cut, fracture, sprain, or amputation  Contact-With – it refers to accident resulting from a workplace incident. where workers moves towards the agent or object.  Occupational illness – any abnormal condition or disorder caused by  Caught-In – is when the person. or exposure environmental factors some part of their body caught it an associated with employment. enclosure opening.  Loss – is an unplanned, preventable  Caught-On – type of accident where waste of any resource, be it through involves the worker getting caught by injury, loss of time, damaged products, stationary protruding object causing or loss of process. him to fall.   Caught-Between – involve a part of Risk Analysis – step in risk assessment body caught between something where the risk of an incident or injury in moving and something stationary or determined. between two moving objects. o Probability – the chance or likelihood that an event will happen and the result  Fall-same-level & Fall-to-Below – in harm or loss. workers either slip or strip on o Consequences – correspond to the something causing them to fall to the severity of the injury, harm, or loss and ground. can range from dust in the eye, to amputation of a finger, and death.  Overexertion – where a worker is injured from overexertion in lifting, pulling, or pushing material and Risk Control – final step to the assessment equipment. process, where preventative and corrective measures are established to control the risks.  Exposure – refers to an injury from exposure to unhealthy and unsafe o Elimination – is the process of environmental conditions. removing a hazard from a workplace. o Substitution – involves replacing or changing equipment or materials or a First Aid less hazardous ones. - Refers to the emergency care or o Engineering Controls – these are treatment given to an ill or injured modifications of work process, person before regular medical aid can equipment, and materials to reduce be obtained. exposure to hazards. Safe and Healthy Workplace Costs of Poor Safety Management - Accidents and diseases can be  Fatalities prevented by identifying the risks and  Serious injury /disability taking appropriate preventative  Compensation claims measures.  Ban publicity  Cost of sick leave  Loss of production Risk Assessment  Reduced staff morale - Is the identification of hazards, the likelihood and possible risk of harm occurring, and the preventative Workplace Bullying measures taken to control the risks. - Results from a repeated conscious effort by mentally wound and seriously harm another person with words and Hazard Identification – the first step in risk actions, not violence. It was commonly assessment identifying the hazard, its type, viewed as social problem and not and its sources. addressed as occupational health and o Walk-through-survey – a safety safety issue lately. professional walks through a worksite and notes hazards. o Safety Sampling – systematic survey RA 11058 procedure undertaken by safety - An act of “Strengthening Compliance personnel who record their with Occupational Safety and Health observations of unsafe practices on Standards and Providing Penalties for sampling document. Violations and Thereof.