RIPH Lesson 2 - Readings in Philippine History PDF

Previous Next Directory Home GE-RIPH Readings in Philippine History LESSON 2 Content and Contextual Analysis of Selected Primary Sources in Philippine History...

Previous Next Directory Home GE-RIPH Readings in Philippine History LESSON 2 Content and Contextual Analysis of Selected Primary Sources in Philippine History 1  Previous Next Directory Home INITIAL ACTIVITY: KWL Chart Instruction: Make a three columns with: What You KNOW about the topic; What You WANT to Know; and at What you have LEARNED (at the end of this Lesson).  Previous Next Directory Home This lesson invites students to apply the skills they learned from previous lesson through analysis of selected primary sources in Philippine History. Since this subject requires intensive reading, students are therefore given required readings for each topic under this lesson. But before that, let us first be familiarized of these sources by reading the provided short background of each topics. Are you ready? Let’s start! 3  Previous Next Directory Home First Voyage Around the World by Antonio Pigaffeta This book was taken from the narrative of contemporary voyagers and navigators of the sixteenth century specifically the period 1519-1522. One of them was the Italian nobleman Antonio Pigafetta, who accompanied Fernão de Magalhães (Ferdinand Magellan) in his fateful circumnavigation of the world (Candelaria and Alporha, 2018). 4  Previous Next Directory Home Pigafetta, after returning to Spain in 1522, composed an account, a travelogue containing a cartographic and ethnographic record, that is understood to have existed first as a summary or summaries — unknown today — and later as a fuller version he sought to publish in 1524, apparently without doing so. Four known manuscripts document the latter, or some version of it. One is in Italian at the Ambrosiana Library, Milan, and three others in French are located at other repositories such as the Yale University (McCarl, 2014). As a primary source, the account has earned its reputation among modern historiographers and scholars which became major contributor to the creation of a number of different editions. Today, it has become one of the reliable sources of information in the course of understanding the Filipinos’ cultural roots and heritage that trace back to pre-colonization. 5  Previous Next Directory Home PLEASE READ ME!! Pigaffeta, A.(2007). The First Voyage around the World 1519–1522: An Account of Magellan's Expedition. Ed. Theodore J. Cachey Jr. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Candelaria, J.L., and Alporha, V. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Manila, Philippines. 6  Previous Next Directory Home STUDY GUIDE After reading the selected pages of First Voyage Around the World by Antonio Pigaffeta, you are to answer the following questions: 1. What is the objective of Magellan expedition? 2. How did Magellan described the Philippine archipelago? 3. What is the impact of Magellan expedition to our history? 7  Previous Next Directory Home Through reading the First Voyage Around the World by Pigaffeta, you have learned how the Spaniards came to the Philippines. This is said to be the start of our history of struggle due to foreign occupation. Nevertheless, the struggles and hardships experienced by our ancestors only showed the bravery and patriotism of the Filipinos, this is evident especially during the revolution which started by the Katipunan, an organization that aimed to liberate our country. The next primary source will share to you the teachings of the said organization. These teachings became the ideals pursued by the Katipuneros in honing them to become men of honor in words and in action. Are you excited to know these teachings? Then, let’s start! 8  Previous Next Directory Home Kartilya ng Katipunan by Emilio Jacinto Sometime in 1896, Andres Bonifacio, the father of the Philippine Revolution, and once the President of the Supreme Council of the Katipunan, established a list of duties and responsibilities to be followed strictly by every member of the organization. This became known as the Decalogue 9  Previous Next Directory Home Later, Bonifacio found out about Jacinto’s Kartilya and adopted it instead as the official teachings of the Katipunan probably due to his recognition of the latter’s brilliance in literary. Similar to the Decalogue, the Kartilya was written to introduce new recruits to the principles and values that Katipunan organization upholds (Candelaria and Alporha, 2018). The earliest reference to the Kartilya is in the minutes of a Supreme Assembly meeting held in December 1895. The authorship of the Kartilya has always been credited to Emilio Jacinto. This claim dates back to the unchallenged account of Isabelo de los Reyes whose sources included several senior KKK veterans (Cristobal, 1997). The Kartilya document itself is claimed to be the best primary source there is in reference to the Katipunan organization. 1  Previous Next Directory Home PLEASE READ ME!! Emilio Jacinto’s Kartilla ng Katipunan, Candelaria, J.L., and Alporha, V. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Manila, Philippines. (supplemental reading) 1  Previous Next Directory Home STUDY GUIDE After reading the Kartilya ng Katipunan by Emilio Jacinto, you are to answer the following: 1. Select one teaching in the Kartilya and explain the importance of embodying its ideals. 2. Are the teachings in the Kartilya still relevant in today’s time? Why? 1  Previous Next Directory Home Truly, Katipuneros rise up to fight our freedom! Their sacrifices were embodied in the next document, the Proclamation of Independence by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista. To appreciate more the efforts made by our heroes, let us read the said proclamation. 1-2-3 go! 1  Previous Next Directory Home Proclamation of Independence by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista Every year, the Philippines commemorates its anniversary of its Independence proclaimed on June 12, 1898, in the province of Cavite. This event is widely received as a significant turning point in the history of the country primarily because it signaled the end of over three centuries (333 years) of Spanish colonization. However, in contrast to this popularity, most Filipinos especially teachers and students, never get the chance to read the details of the actual document (Candelaria and Alporha, 2018). 1  Previous Next Directory Home The document was written and prepared by a Filipino lawyer named Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista. This 21 page document was originally written in Spanish which indicates the level of fluency of Filipinos in the use of Spanish language at the time. The original title of the document was Acta de la Proclamacion de la Independencia del Pueblo Filipino. Aside from being the author of the declaration document, Ambrosio Rianzares was also the one who read and waved the Philippine flag during the declaration (Viray, 2019). 1  Previous Next Directory Home PLEASE READ ME!! Proclamation of 1898 Philippine Independence full text can be accessed through https://filipino.biz.ph/history/declaration.html Candelaria, J.L., and Alporha, V. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Manila, Philippines. (supplemental reading) 1  Previous Next Directory Home STUDY GUIDE After reading the Proclamation of Independence by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, you are to answer the following questions: 1. What is the significance of the proclamation to our history? 2. Does reading the said proclamation make you proud of our heroes? Why? 1  Previous Next Directory Home Although our independence was short-lived because of the colonization of Americans to our country, it does not invalidate the fact that our heroes are true heroes of freedom. Moreover, despite that Americans became more accommodating to the call for equal rights of our ancestors compared to the Spaniards, there were still discrimination that occurred. Such unfortunate situations were recorded not in the form of text but through art. The next document will show to you different caricatures during the American period. These caricatures are editorial cartoons that became the cry of the Filipinos during the said period. Do you want to gain insights of what had happened during the American period? Then, prepare yourself in studying the caricatures compiled by Alfred McCoy. 1  Previous Next Directory Home Political Caricatures of the American Era (1900-1941) Political cartoons and caricature are form of art whose technique is centered on the exaggeration of human features and poking fun at its subjects. Such art genre and technique became a part of the print media as a form of social and political commentary, which usually targets persons of power and authority. 1  Previous Next Directory Home Cartoons and caricature became an effective tool of publicizing opinion through heavy use of symbolism. Their ability to represent opinion and capture the audience’s imagination is among the reasons that compelled historians to examine political cartoons and conduct historical examination (Candelaria and Alporha, 2018). 2  Previous Next Directory Home PLEASE READ ME!! McCoy, A. W., & Roces, A. R. (1985). Philippine cartoons: Political caricature of the American era, 1900-1941. Quezon City, Philippines: Vera-Reyes. Candelaria, J.L., and Alporha, V. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Manila, Philippines. (supplemental reading) 2  Previous Next Directory Home STUDY GUIDE After reading studying the political caricatures during American period, you are to answer the following questions: 1. Which of the caricature hits you the hardest? What do you think the message behind the said caricature? 2. Do the issues conveyed by these caricatures remained as issues or problems today? Why? 2  Previous Next Directory Home While the caricatures gave you insights of the socio-economic and political condition of our country during the American period, the next primary source will brought you to the time when the country is revitalizing from the martial law era under 27 Marcos dictatorship. The speech of former President Cory C. Aquino will give you insights of what had occurred not just to his husband, Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. but to the country as well. To fully understand this, let us watch the clip of her speech which can be accessed through YouTube. Are you ready? Go! 2  Previous Next Directory Home Revisiting Corazon Aquino’s Speech before the U.S Congress After the eventful overthrow of the Marcos Dictatorship in 1986 through EDSA People Power, Cory came out easily as the symbol of democracy. As the widow of the slain Senator Benigno “Ninoy’ Aquino Jr., the leader of Marcos oppositionist, Cory was seen mourning by the public. She was then seen as the torch bearer of all that her husband fought for. Though without political experience as she was a plain housewife at the time, people begun to see her as the symbol of hope and freedom— the sentiment that made her president. 2  Previous Next Directory Home On September 18, 1986, seven months since she became president, Cory went to the United States to deliver a speech. Before the joint session of the U.S. Congress and with a prepared script written by Teddy Locsin Jr, Cory stood and spoke with eloquence and passion. This historic speech of Cory holds answers to questions related to political uncertainty and international diplomacy the Philippines had at the time (Candelaria and Alporha, 2018). 2  Previous Next Directory Home PLEASE WATCH & READ!! The video clip of the speech can be accessed through this YouTube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=4ZnnvbKyNCQ Candelaria, J.L., and Alporha, V. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Rex Book Store, Manila, Philippines (supplemental reading). 2  Previous Next Directory Home STUDY GUIDE After watching you are to answer the following questions: 1. How do you feel about the video clip? 2. What is your realization about the martial law era when you watched the speech delivered by Cory? 2  Previous Next Directory Home Now, we are done through analyzing the selected primary sources in the Philippine History, to check how well you understand this lesson. You are required to write a thought paper about your assigned topic (your teacher will distribute the topics for the class). This is one of the major output for this course, so please do well! To guide you inwriting the said paper, please be guided of the following reminders and format. 2  Previous Next Directory Home DO THIS! Instruction: Write a thought paper about your assigned topic. The paper should contain an analysis of the following: 1. What is the historical value of the primary source (content and context)? 2. What is the contribution of the primary source to the history of the Filipino people (relevance of the primary source to today's time)? 2  Previous Next Directory Home GUIDE IN WRITING YOUR THOUGHT PAPER Reminders: Write only a thought paper about your assigned topic. Your paper must be in paragraph form (no bullet and enumeration done by numbering). The thought paper must not less than 500 words. Cite properly; a paper with 15% or more similarity check will be considered a plagiarize work and therefore will be given 65% grade. 3  Previous Next Directory Home 1. How to Write the Thought Paper? Introduction. Start your paper with a brief introduction. An introduction contains information about the author (who produced the primary source?) and historical background of the document/material (when it was produced? Why the author wrote the document/produced the material). 2. Body. (Do not write “BODY” as your title for the analysis, be creative in writing the title of your analysis) This contains your analysis of your assigned topic. The body should contain the following information: a) Analysis of the important historical information found in the document (content analysis). By examining the historical information contained in your assigned document/material, you should be able to pinpoint its historical value (saysay/kahalagahan). b) Contribution and relevance of the document in understanding the grand narrative of Phil. History. What do you think is the contribution of the document/material in understanding Phil. History? Is it still relevant today (present time) in order to understand our history? 3. Conclusion. This sums up all the points/views you laid down throughout the paper. This also contains your “own” reflection/ learning experience from examining the document/material. 3  Previous Next Directory Home THANK YOU. 32