RPH_Midterm-Exam-REVIEWER_SEPT.-17-2024.pdf

Readings in Philippine History - Second, is the secondary source 2. Internal Criticism - Where our main concern is the study of history. Created after the time being Is about credibility about the au...

Readings in Philippine History - Second, is the secondary source 2. Internal Criticism - Where our main concern is the study of history. Created after the time being Is about credibility about the author. investigated. Anything related to the author's When you say History, that is simply, the study of the Secondary source interprets primary thinking, it is credibility, is internal. (Why past. sources. They are steps away from the did he/she do that? What reason?). event and may contain data from In order to know about history, we utilize sources. primary sources. Which is an example of Internal Criticism? Some examples of secondary sources, 1. If the paper has aged accordingly? Sources: They provide us with information. we have criticisms, articles, and even 2. Is identifying the purpose of the author? Why We have two (2) kinds of sources: encyclopedias. did he/she make the document? (Because you - First, is our primary source are focused on the author). When you say primary source, it is Two Steps in Doing History 3. Is the origins of the document? Where did the created during the time being 1. Historical Method document come from? investigated. Is the process of examining and 4. Is the previous owners of the document? Who is Some examples of primary sources are analyzing the records of the past. the previous owner? (It's just who the owner is, documents like autobiographies, 2. Historiography not who the former creators are). journals/diaries, and artifacts or Is the imaginative reconstruction of the physical objects. past or the writing of history. Identify the External Criticisms: Under physical objects, we may 1. Understanding the author’s background consider clothes, films, pictures, There is no complete history. 2. Comparing information between two authors videos, and even reels. 3. Knowing the author’s motivation for writing the Not because it is a primary source, it is The Historical Criticism document 100% reliable. They are not completely We also have two (2) steps in Historical Criticism: 4. Identifying inconsistencies with the author’s reliable. It still must be criticized. 1. External Criticism handwriting and signature. (Still about the Is about authenticity. (Is the document author, but only in his/her handwriting and authentic?). signature). This is about the form external (Is the (1, 2, and 3 are all about the author's thinking; thought process). handwriting, age of the paper, and signature, correct?). Tejeros Convention The Cavite Mutiny The adventure of Magellan, the expedition itself, - Is considered as the first elections in the - The result of the Cavite Mutiny was the contributed the following: Philippines. execution of the GOMBURZA. 1. Earth is not flat. - The attendees of the Convention, they were - GOMBURZA, they are Mariano Gomez, Jose 2. The discovery of the Pacific Ocean. Katipuneros. Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora. 3. There is no boiling water at the equator. - The Katipunan itself is founded by Andres - The execution of the GOMBURZA, was signed Bonifacio. The Katipunan is a revolutionary by Rafael de Izquierdo Upon their arrival, the natives that they encountered movement. - The Cavite Mutiny has two (2) versions: (Filipinos), they were reasonable, courteous, and - Revolution – change through violent means. 1. Spanish Version mannered. - The Katipunan had two (2) factions. Is written by Jose Montero y Vidal 1. Magdiwang The reason is: Revolution The document itself, the account, provided the Is founded by Alvarez. 2. Filipino Version following: 2. Magdalo Is written by Trinidad Pardo de Tavera 1. Geographical knowledge about Visayas. Is founded by Aguinaldo. The reason is: Labor issues 2. It also talks about the First Mass in the Philippines. The Unang Misa was officiated by - Bonifacio himself, he didn't form a faction First Voyage Around the World Father Pedro de Valderrama. In this First Mass, because he created Katipunan himself. Andres - By Antonio Pigafetta 300 were baptized. Bonifacio did not find any faction. - The manuscript was not published during his 3. It also recorded the first resistance by Filipinos life because he was not able to find a financer against the Spaniards led by Ki Lapu-Lapu. The intended purpose of the Tejeros Convention (Why (no sponsors). was it called, what was the reason originally?): - The First Voyage is all about or focuses on Magellan died/was killed in the battle of Mactan, - Is to discuss the defense of Cavite Magellan’s expedition. April 27, 1521. - Ferdinand Magellan is a Portuguese, or The Tejeros Convention ended when Andres Bonifacio someone born at Portugal. But the/his declared the results (Convention) as null and void. expedition was sponsored by Spain. - During his time, spice was an expensive commodity. - Upon their arrival at the Philippines, Magellan gave the name/called the Philippines as, Archipelago de San Lazaro (Technically, the first name of the Philippines). Customs of the Tagalogs The following are the importance of customs: - The Kartilya teaches the following: - Is written by Juan de Plasencia. 1. It contained information about pre-Hispanic 1. Practice respect for women and love your - Juan de Plasencia created two (2) books: (before the arrival of the Spanish) life family. 1. The Customs of the Tagalogs 2. Proof that pre-Hispanic Filipinos already have 2. Is to be generous, compassionate, and It is about the Filipinos culture, culture/are already cultured and are all kind. government, trading system, and organized 3. Is to establish good governance through religion. 3. That they are already civilized (Filipinos) honor and dignity. 2. Doctrina Christiana Is the first book published in the The account of Pigafetta (about Magellan), and the Philippines and contains prayers. account of Plasencia (about Customs), they have a downside. The downside is it was written from an Dasalan at Tocsohan The Customs of the Tagalogs also talks about social outside perspective. - Is written by Marcelo del Pilar. classes. - Marcelo del Pilar is a reformist. 1. Maharlika – they are the freemen - Reform: change through peaceful means 2. Aliping Namamahay – they have/they serve (opposite of Katipunan). their masters but they can have properties The Kartilya ng Katipunan - Another example of a reformist is Jose Rizal. 3. Aliping Saguiguilir/Saguiguilid – they are the - Kartilya ng Katipunan is written by Emilio - Jose Rizal founded La Liga Filipina. slaves and most of them were hostages in war. Jacinto. - Satirized the frailocracy. They can dissolve also. They are the ones who, - The Kartilya is a guidebook for Katipuneros. - Frailocracy is a society dominated by friars or when the barangay is defeated, will become - The Katipunan had three (3) objectives: the Spanish priests. slaves. 1. Political Is to separate from Spain The friars during this time (The Customs), they also 2. Moral have other tasks aside from religion duties: Is to practice good manners 1. Supervised elections 3. Civic 2. They collect taxes Simply to help the people (poor and 3. They are involved in teaching oppressed)