Poetic Techniques PDF

OBJECTIVES: The learners should be able to identify the various elements, techniques and literary devices in specific forms of poetry. (HUMSS_CW/MP11/12c-f-6) MOTIVATION: Hark! The Herald Angels Sing Directions: Read the lyrics Hark! The herald angels sing Ha...

OBJECTIVES: The learners should be able to identify the various elements, techniques and literary devices in specific forms of poetry. (HUMSS_CW/MP11/12c-f-6) MOTIVATION: Hark! The Herald Angels Sing Directions: Read the lyrics Hark! The herald angels sing Hail the heaven-born Prince of of the song the "Glory to the new-born king Peace! same way you Peace on earth and mercy mild Hail the Sun of Righteousness! read a poem. God and sinners reconciled" Light and life to all He brings Identify the Joyful all ye nations rise Risen with healing in His wings rhyming words Join the triumph of the skies Mild He lays His glory by and determine With angelic host proclaim Born that man no more may die how the use of "Christ is born in Bethlehem" Born to raise the sons of earth Hark! The herald angels sing Born to give them second birth rhyme "Glory to the new-born king" Hark! The herald angels sing improves the "Glory to the new-born king" flow of the poem. Techniques of Poetry A.Diction Poetic diction is the term used to refer to the linguistic style, the vocabulary, and the metaphors used in the writing of poetry. Denotation is the literal meaning of a word, the dictionary definition. Connotation is the implied meaning of a word, which goes beyond its dictionary definition A.Rhyme and Rhyme Scheme Rhyme is the use of corresponding sounds in lines of writing. This can occur at the end of lines or in the middle. Perfect rhyme- features two words that share the exact assonance and number of syllable, and is also known as the true rhyme. (skylight and twilight) Slant rhymes- features words with similar but not exact assonance and/or a number of syllables, and is also known as half rhyme or imperfect rhyme. (grieve and believe)  Eye rhymes- features two words that appear similar when read, but do not actually rhyme when spoken or pronounced. (mood and hood; move and dove) End rhymes- the most commonly resigned type of rhyme. These appear at the end of lines and rhyme perfectly with one another. (bright and light)  Masculine rhyme- takes place between the final stressed syllables of two lines. (compare and repair) Feminine rhyme- features multi- syllables in which stressed and unstressed syllables rhyme with each other. (lazy and crazy) ACTIVITY 1: Identify the kind of rhymes presented in the following examples/excerpt. 1. Between my finger and my thumb The squat pen rests; snug as a gun 2. Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: 3. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, Rhyme Scheme Alternate rhyme. In an alternate rhyme, is the pattern of the first- and third-lines rhyme at the end, sounds that and the second- and fourth-lines rhyme at repeats at the the end following the pattern ABAB for end of a line or each stanza. This rhyme scheme is used stanza. It can for poems with four-line stanzas. change line by line, stanza by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “A Psalm of stanza, or can Life” continue throughout a Tell me not, in mournful numbers, poem. Common Life is but an empty dream!— rhyme scheme For the soul is dead that slumbers, includes: And things are not what they seem. COUPLED RHYME. A COUPLED RHYME IS A TWO-LINE STANZA THAT RHYMES FOLLOWING THE RHYME SCHEME AA BB CC, OR A SIMILAR DUAL RHYMING SCHEME. THE RHYMES THEMSELVES ARE REFERRED TO AS RHYMING COUPLETS. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, “SONNET 18” SO LONG AS MEN CAN BREATHE OR EYES CAN SEE, SO LONG LIVES THIS, AND THIS GIVES LIFE TO THEE.  Monorhyme. In a monorhyme, all the lines in a stanza or entire poem end with the same rhyme. William Blake, “Silent, Silent Night” Silent Silent Night Why should joys be sweet Quench the holy light Used with deceit Of thy torches bright Nor with sorrows meet For possess’d of Day Thousand spirits stray But an honest joy That sweet joys betray Does itself destroy For a harlot coy  Never ask of money spent, Where the spender thinks it went. Nobody was ever meant To remember or invent What he did with every cent.  Enclosed rhyme. The first and fourth lines and the second and third lines rhyme with each other in an enclosed rhyme scheme. The pattern is ABBA, in which A encloses the B. “Let go and let God have his way He’s aware of all hardships we face God knows also the outcome of race Give your problems to Him as you pray.”  Triplet. A triplet is a set of three lines in a stanza— called a tercet—that share the same end rhyme. The Convergence of the Twain By Thomas Hardy In a solitude of the sea Deep from human vanity, And the Pride of Life that planned her, stilly Couches she. Steel chambers, late the pyres Of her salamandrine fires, Cold currents third, and turn to rhythmic tidal lyres.  Terza rima. An Italian form of poetry that consists of tercets, a terza rima follows a chain rhyme in which the second line of each stanza rhymes with the first and last line of the subsequent stanza. It ends with a couplet rhyming with the middle line of the penultimate stanza. The pattern is ABA BCB CDC DED EE. Read the following poem then label the lines based on its rhyme scheme. “We Wear the Mask” by Paul Laurence Dunbar We wear the mask that grins and lies, It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes, -- This debt we pay to human guile; With torn and bleeding hearts we smile And mouth with myriad subtleties, Why should the world be over-wise, In counting all our tears and sights? Nay, let them only see us, while We wear the mask.