Philippine Literature Review PDF

LESSON 01: INTODUCTION TO LITERATURE: ORIGIN, DEFINITION AND SIGNIFICANCE Literature is derived from the Latin word “ litera” which means letter. Literature is a collection of written works. Literature is a story of man. It expands our horizons, helps building Critical Thinking Skill...

LESSON 01: INTODUCTION TO LITERATURE: ORIGIN, DEFINITION AND SIGNIFICANCE Literature is derived from the Latin word “ litera” which means letter. Literature is a collection of written works. Literature is a story of man. It expands our horizons, helps building Critical Thinking Skills and enhances our writing skills. LESSON 02: HALLMARKS OF LITERATURE Artistry describes literature that is aesthetically appealing and reveals hidden truth and beauty. Suggestiveness relies on emotional power to convey nuances, symbolism, implied meaning and imagery. Intellectual Value is the ability of a text to stimulates critical thinking. Spiritual Value lifts up the inner spirit and soul and has the power to motivate and inspire readers. It typically suggested lesson and moral codes. Permanence is determined by a written work’s ability to stand the test of time. Its appeal is lasting/timeless. Universality describes a piece pf writing that appeals to the hearts and minds of almost any reader. The appeal is considered universal due to its ability to cross gender, racial and cultural barriers. LESSON 03: PHILIPPINE LITERARY PERIOD: PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD Baybayin was the oldest writing system. Riddle is known as bugtong. Proverb/Saliwakain/Sawikain is used and served as laws on good behavior by our ancestors. Tanaga is a short poetic poem. Lullaby is also known as Hele or uyayi. Ex. Ili-ili Tulog Anay Songs of Death is locally known as Tagulaylay. LESSON 04: PHILIPPINE LITERARY PERIOD: SPANISH PERIOD Baybayin was replaced by the Roman Alphabet. Doctrina Christiana is the first published book. Non-secular (Religious) revolved around the life and death of Jesus Christ. Pasyon has 5 stanzas with 8 syllables each. Senakulo is an example of Religious Komedya, while Santacruzan is an example of Secular Komedya. Secular(Non-Religious) revolved around tales of valiance and adventure. Awit is a Filipino poem with 12 syllables and following the pattern of rhyming stanzas in Pasyon. Korido is the generic name for Philippine romances. Highly educated people were called “ intelligentsia.”  Diariong Tagalog was the first bilingual newspaper in the Philippines founded by Marcelo H. Del Pilar on August 1, 1882. Noli Me Tangere was translated as “touch me not.” Dasalan at Tocsohan consists of parodies the Sign of the Cross and Lord’s Prayer. La Republica Filipina is a private newspaper. LESSON 05: PHILIPPINE LITERARY PERIOD: AMERICAN AND JAPANESE PERIOD Free public instruction for all children of school age and the use of English as medium of instruction were introduced by the American people. Poetry is also known as “Balagtasan.” King of Balagtasan- Jose Corazon de Jesus Severino Reyes is also known as “Lola Basyang.” Haiku is a descriptive poem about nature and has 7-5-7 syllabic pattern. Tanka has 7-5-7-7-7 syllabic pattern. Senryu is a 3-line poem similar to only the structure of Haiku. LESSON 06: PHILIPPINE LITERARY PERIOD: MARTIAL LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PERIOD The late president Ferdinand Marcos Sr. declared Martial Law under the Presidential Proclamation No. 1081. 1970-1972 PERIOD OF ACTIVISM Dekada ’70 is a novel written by Lualhati Bautista and was published in 1983. LESSON 07: CANONICAL AUTHORS National Artist for Literature is the highest national recognition given to Filipino writers who made significant contributions to the development of Philippine Literature. Carlos P. Romulo was the only Asian to win America’s coveted Pulitzer prize in Journalism for a series of articles predicting the outbreak of World War II. The Philippine Presidents is one of Romulo’s major works. Josie Garcia Villa is known for “reversed consonance rhyme scheme and extensive use of comma. Fracisco Arcellana is one of the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English. Nick Joaquin is known by his pen name “ Quijano de Manila.” Edith L. Tiempo is known for her language as “descriptive but unburdened by scrupulous detailing.” Mga Ibong Mandaragit is about the ills of the society as evident in the agrarian problems in 50s. Virgilio Almario has published 12 books of poetry. LESSON 08: LITERARY TEXT: FOOTHNOTE TO YOUTH BY JOSE GARCIA VILLA LESSON 09: LITERARY TEXT: HOW MY BROTHER LEON BROUGHT HOME A WIFE BY MANUEL E. ARGUILLA LESSON 10-11: POETRY & HYPERPOETRY Rhyme is having the same sound at the end of two or more words. Meter is the basic rhythmic structure of a line within a poem. IAMB- US, TROCHEE-SU, ANAPEST-UUS, DACTYL- SUU, SPONDEE-SS  Imagery- Visual imagery, gustatory imagery, tactile imagery, auditory imagery, olfactory imagery Simile- “as” “like” Metaphor- word is applied to an object which is not literally applicable. Hyperbole-extreme exaggeration Personification-thing, idea or animal is given human attribute Narrative Poetry- storytelling Examples of Epic: The Illiad and Odyssey, Ibalon Ballad- intended to be sung Dramatic poetry-dramatic monologue Elegy is written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead. Sonnet- 14-line lyric poem Hyperpoetry- digital poetry/cyber poetry, uses hypertext markup language LESSON 12: CREATIVE NONFICTION Plot- Exposition, Rising action, climax, falling action and denouement/resolution Descriptive Imagery- writer paints an image in the mind of the reader and usually involves descriptions of one or more of the five senses. Literary Journalism Essay-essay about an issue or topic using literary devices, such as the elements of fiction and figurative language Travel Writing- articles about travel using literary devices Food Writing- stories about cuisine and food using literary devices Cristine Pantoja Hidalgo- Creative Non-Fiction: A Manual for Filipino Authors Carmen Guerrero Nakpil- Where’s the Patis?