Reviewer in Physical Education III PDF

REVIEWER IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION III ▪ S - Space Prepared by: Mr. Warren Agramon ▪ T - Time ▪ E - Energy. What is dance? Dance differs from athletics or...

REVIEWER IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION III ▪ S - Space Prepared by: Mr. Warren Agramon ▪ T - Time ▪ E - Energy. What is dance? Dance differs from athletics or other daily BODY activities because it focuses primarily on “an aesthetic or Elements of dance, "Body" refers to the physical aspect of even entertaining experience (Myers 2005) the dancer, focusing on how Why people dance? People dance mainly because of the different parts of the body are used to create movement. It four reasons; involves the following key A. To please Gods; points: B. To please others; 1. Body Parts: The various parts of the body that can be C. To please themselves or self-expression; and isolated and moved D. To build community within an ethnic group or independently, such as the head, arms, legs, torso, hands, social interaction. and feet. Dance has been a major form of religious ritual and social 2. Body Shapes: The shapes created by the body's expression within a primitive culture. It was used as a way of positioning and alignment. expressing and reinforcing tribal unity and strength. It could This can include straight, curved, twisted, symmetrical, and also be as for; asymmetrical A. Courtship or mating; shapes. B. Means of worship 3. Body Actions The specific movements performed by the C. Communication body parts. This D. Therapeutic experience includes gestures (e.g., pointing, waving), locomotor What are the benefits of dancing? movements (e.g., Physical – it develops cardiovascular and muscular walking, running, leaping), and non-locomotor movements endurance. (e.g., bending, Mental / Emotional – helps keep the brain sharp. stretching, twisting). Social – give sense of togetherness within a group. 4. Body Awareness: The dancer's understanding and control Cultural – promote cultural values. of their body in CREATIVE RHYTHM Sometimes called fundamental space. This includes being aware of body positions, rhythm or natural dance. A creative rhythm is an end product movements, and the of exploration and improvisation of movement, as one learns relationship between different parts of the body. to move the parts of their body and to use this as an ACTION instrument of expression. elements of dance, "Action" refers to the movements that FOLK AND ETHNIC DANCE is a form of social dance that dancers perform. These actions become part of a tradition or custom. Ethnic dance is from are the basic building blocks of dance choreography and can an ethnic group that expresses aesthetics of a particular be divided into two main culture. Ethnic dance is a broad terminology. Folk dance is categories: locomotor and non-locomotor movements. Here more specific. are the key points: SOCIAL AND BALLROOM DANCE is a major category or 1. Locomotor and Non-Locomotor Movements. classification of dance forms or dance styles, where 2. Gesture - Actions that communicate or express an idea, sociability and socializing are the primary focuses of the emotion, or message. dancing while Ballroom dance is a set of partner dances, Gestures can be symbolic and often involve movements of which are enjoyed both socially and competitively around the the hands, arms, world, mostly because of its performance and entertainment head, or other body parts. aspects. 3. Stillness The absence of movement, where the dancer RECREATIONAL DANCE Refers to any form of dancing holds a position or that is done primarily for its social, educational or health pose. Stillness can be a powerful component of dance, benefits; it includes social dance and amateur dance creating contrast and instruction and performance. emphasizing other movements. CREATIVE DANCE is a contemporary form of dance that 4. Transitions: The movements or actions that connect one combines movement and artistic expression, without the part of the dance to need for specific training. Typically, creative dance focuses another. Smooth and intentional transitions help create a on the development of motor skills and emotional cohesive flow in a expression, as opposed to the aesthetics-based focus of dance piece. dance in more traditional structured settings. SPACE THE BASIC NATURAL MOVEMENTS elements of dance, "Space" refers to the area in which a 1. LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS: movement dancer moves and the way they through space involving a change of location; use that area to create meaning and expression in their moving from one point to another; a moving base performance. It involves several involving a progression of relocation of the body in key: space. walking, marching, running, jumping, 1. Direction The line of movement in space, which can be crawling, hopping, climbing, galloping, sliding, forward, backward, skipping and leaping. (8 locomotor skills) sideways, diagonal, up, or down. 2. NON-LOCOMOTOR: MOVEMENT occurring 2. Levels The vertical positioning of the body, including high, above a stationary base; movement of the body in middle, and low one place around its own axis. bending, stretching, levels. Movements can be executed at different heights, pushing, pulling, bouncing, swinging, shaking and such as standing tall, twisting (8 non-locomotor skills) crouching, or lying on the floor. The acronym BASTE will help you remember the elements: 3. Size The range of movement, which can be large or small. ▪ B - Body Large movements ▪ A - Action take up more space and can be more dynamic, while small 5th Position One arm raised forward as in first position and movements are the other arm raise overhead more contained and subtle. FEET POSITION 4. Proximity The distance between dancers or between a 1st Position Heels close together, toes apart with an angle dancer and objects or of about 45 degrees the audience. Proximity can influence the relationship 2nd Position Feet sideward about a pace or one foot between dancers and distance their interaction with each other and the environment. 3rd Position Heel of one foot close to in-step of other foot. TIME 4th Position One foot in front of the other foot pace distance Elements of dance, "Time" refers to the rhythm, tempo, and 5th Position Heel of front foot close to big toe of rear foot. duration of movements within a dance. It is a crucial element that helps to structure and Folk dance is a form of social dance that becomes part of a organize dance sequences. Here tradition or custom. are the key aspects of "Time" in dance: Ethnic dance is from an ethnic group that expresses 1. Rhythm - The pattern of beats or pulses in music or aesthetics of a particular culture. Ethnic movement.Dancers often dance is a broad terminology. Folk dance is more specific. move in sync with the rhythm, creating a sense of timing and Folk dance is more popular nowadays. flow. Folk Dance 2. Tempo: The speed at which a piece of music is played, or The list below is the example of popular folk dance in the a dance is Philippines: performed. Tempo can be fast, medium, or slow. 1. Tinikiling – Popular folk dance originated from the 3. Duration: The length of time a movement or a sequence Province of Leyte. of movements 2. Itik-Itik – A cultural folk dance originated from the Province takes. Duration can be short or long, and varying durations of Surigao del Sur. can add interest 3. Maglalatik – A popular folk dance from Binan, Laguna. and contrast to a dance. 4. Carinosa – Local folk dance originated from Panay Island. 4. Timing The precise execution of movements in relation to Ethnic Dance the beat or rhythm The list below is the example of popular ethnic dance in the of the music. Good timing ensures that movements are Philippines: synchronized with the 1. Pagdiwata – From Tagabnwa, Palawan. music and with other dancers. 2. Dugso – From Province of Bukidnon. ENERGY 3. Pangalay and Lunsay – Ethnic dance of Tausug tribe. elements of dance, "Energy" refers to the quality, intensity, CARIÑOSA (SPANISH PRONUNCIATION: [KAɾIˈƝOSA], and dynamics of movement. It meaning the loving or affectionate one) is a Philippine dance involves how movements are executed and the emotional or of Hispanic origin from the Maria expressive content they convey. Clara suite of Philippine folk dances, where the fan or Here are the key components of "Energy" in dance: handkerchief plays an instrumental role as 1. Quality of Movement Describes how a movement is it places the couple in romance scenario. performed. Movements HISTORY can be smooth, sharp, fluid, jerky, light, heavy, or any other The dance originated in Panay Island in the Visayan Islands descriptor that and was introduced by the Spaniards conveys the nature of the action. during their colonization of the Philippines. It is related to 2. Intensity: The level of force or power used in a movement. some of the Spanish dances like the Movements can bolero and the Mexican dance Jarabe Tapatio or the range from strong and powerful to gentle and delicate. Mexican Hat Dance. 3. Dynamics The variation and contrast in the energy of COSTUME movements. Includes Originally, the Cariñosa was danced with Maria Clara dress sudden versus sustained movements, fast versus slow and Barong Tagalog for it is a Maria Clara Spanish Dance actions, and soft versus when it was introduced. However as the Filipino people saw strong efforts. and imitated this dance, they wore the patadyong kimona 4. Tension and Release The buildup and release of energy and camisa de chino to reveal their nationalism to their within a movement. country and other steps were revised or Filipinized but the Tension can create a sense of anticipation or conflict, while music did not change at all and reveals a Spanish Influence release can convey to the Filipinos. As stated by the book of Francisca Reyes- relaxation or resolution. Aquino, dancers may wear balintawak style (a native dress of theTagalog regions), camisa (a white sleeve) or FUNDAMENTALS DANCE POSITIONS patadyong kimona (a dress of the Visayan of people) and for ARMS POSITION boys, a barong Tagalog and colored pants. Because it is the 1st Position You have to raise your both arms in front of national dance, the dancers may wear any Filipino you, slightly bend your elbow and make sure that your hand costumes. is facing on your chest and the fingertip is about an inch MUSIC apart. The music of Carinosa, It is 3/4 in rhythm like some of the 2nd Position You have to raise your both arms sideward Spanish dances. The Philippine Rondalla are playing this make sure that your pulse is facing upward position, slightly music of the dance where it is an ensemble or an orchestra bend your elbow and it should be at shoulder level. of string instruments in the Philippines similar to the Spanish 3rd Position One arm raised sideward as in second position musicians in Spain that comprises bandurrias, mandolins, and the other arm raise upward. guitar, basses, drums, and banjos. Mostly men are playing 4th Position One arm raised forward as in first position and rondalla instruments but women may also take part. the other arm raise overhead Dance Steps for the Cariñosa The basic step of the cariñosa is similar to the waltz, and the music is 3/4 signature. If you want to learn the dance, here are the basic steps that you can follow: The 1st figure is the “Three Steps and Point”. It starts with the right foot, take three steps sideward right. Point left foot in front. Right hand in reverse “T” position and left hand on skirt/waist. Kumintang right hand when pointing left foot. The 2nd figure is “Pointing”. It starts with the right foot, take three steps forward and meet at the center. Take four touch steps in front, right and left alternately. Take four steps forward to partner’s place, passing each other by right shoulder. Turn right about to face each other and close right to left. The 3rd figure is “Back-to Back”. The partners meet at the center as in figure II. Turn right about to be in back-to back position, slightly to right of partner. Girl holds skirt; boy places hands on waist. Point right foot in front and shake rightminded finger at partner over right shoulder by left shoulder; left hand on waist. Step right sideward to be side by side with partner by left shoulder; place righthand on waist. 4th figure is the “Hide-and-Seek with Fan”. The girl holds and open fan with right hand. Point right foot in front and cover face with fan. The boy-point right and left foot alternately in front and look at partner from underneath the fan, hands on waist. 5th figure is “Kneeling and Fanning”. Take three steps forward to the center. Girl kneels while boy passes around on right of girl to stand behind her and faces the same direction as girl. Boy points right and left foot four times alternately in front, looking at girl over her right and left shoulder alternately. Girl looks at partner over her right and left shoulder alternately. 6th figure is “Hide-and-Seek with Handkerchief”. Partners meet at the center as in figure II. Boy takes handkerchief at corners in a perpendicular position between their faces with boy’s hands on top at face level. 7th figure is “Flirting with Handkerchief”. Partners turn right shoulders toward each other. Starting with right foot, take eight waltz steps forward, moving around clockwise. Girl holds handkerchief at one corner and place it over her right and left shoulder alternately at every measure, looking back at the boy at the same time. Boy, in the meantime, follows behind girl, stretching out right and lefthand alternately, as though they were trying to catch the free end of the handkerchief. 8th and last figure is “Flirting”. Start by taking two waltz steps to meet at the center. With girl leading in front, partners take six waltz steps forward moving around clockwise.