Review Sheet 2.pdf

PSYCH Review Sheet 2: PSY 101 Prof. Swets Exam 2 Review Sheet Note. About words in parentheses following each objective: “book” indicates that the information can be found and reviewed only in the textbook; “lecture” indicates that the information can be found and reviewed only in the lecture mat...

PSYCH Review Sheet 2: PSY 101 Prof. Swets Exam 2 Review Sheet Note. About words in parentheses following each objective: “book” indicates that the information can be found and reviewed only in the textbook; “lecture” indicates that the information can be found and reviewed only in the lecture materials; and “both” means that the material is covered in both sources. Chapter 6 (Learning) objectives __ 1. Given a list of properties, be able to identify those that adequately describe Behaviorism. (lecture) 2. Possess a thorough understanding of the principles underlying classical conditioning. Specifically, you should be very familiar with definitions, examples, and underlying concepts associated with each of the following (both) __UCS __UCR __CS __CR 3. Know which connection between the above terms nature provides, and which connection learning provides. (both) __ 4.Be prepared to identify an explanation for the following scenario: A girl classically conditions her dog to blink by blowing into her dog's eyes just after saying "blink!" Unfortunately, her parrot overhears the procedure, and says "blink" all day long whe n the girl is out. When she returns, the girl says "blink" to her dog, but he does not blink. (both) __ 5 Be prepared to identify an explanation for this following scenario: A friend has taught her dog to bark whenever she says "Speak!" Now, she wants to teach him a new trick, but whenever she says "Sit!" he barks. (both) __ 6. Be prepared to identify true statements about Watson and Rayner’s Little Albert experiment. (both) __ 7, Know the field of study with which B. F. Skinner is most closely associated. (both) __ 8 Be able to identify an instance of an operant from a list of behaviors. (both) __ 9 Possess a thorough understanding of the principles underlying operant conditioning. Specifically, you should be very familiar with definitions, examples, and underlying concepts associated with each of the following (both) __positive reinforcement __negative reinforcement __positive punishment __negative punishment __ 10. Given a list of reinforcers, be able to identify one that is primary __ 11. Given a list of reinforcers, be able to identify one that is conditioned. __ 12. Understand how partial reinforcement works well enough to identify how difficult a behavior will be to extinguish if it was learned on the basis of a partial reinforcement schedule rather than continuous. __ 13. Understand how each of the following phenomena help to understand learning principles: _instinctive/instinctual drift (both) _Bandura’s bobo doll study (both) _mirror neurons (book) _cognitive maps (both) _learned helplessness (book) Chapter 3 (Perception) Objectives __14) Be able to identify the stage of perceptual processing at which top down processing (memories,expectations, etc.) has the greatest effect (lecture). 15) Given several examples of perceptual events (e.g., light entering the eye, knowledge/expectations, etc) be able to identify those that are bottom up vs. top down. __16) Know the definitions of distal and proximal stimuli, and be able to recognize correct uses of those terms in given examples (lecture). __17)Given a set of example processes, identify one that is most like the sensory process of transduction (both). 18) Regarding the components of the eye itself: Know the function and location of the retina, fovea, rods, cones, and optic nerve. Which are parts of each other? (both) _Know the darkness and lightness conditions under which rods and cones work best, and the general role each type of cell plays in the retina (both). _Know what the optic nerve does to our vision due to its location. (both) _Be able to identify the part of the eye that would help explain why hawks have more visual acuity than humans. (book) _Be able to identify which of the eye components above would be most closely associated with color blindness. (book) __19) Be able to identify definitions and examples of absolute threshold and difference threshold. (book) __20) In the video you watched in class on the visual cortex concerning research by Hubel and Wiesel you witnessed an anesthetized cat that was shown a slide of a dot on a screen. Be able to choose a statement that best summarizes what you saw, and what the finding implied for the way that the visual system allows us to create visual representations of objects and scenes. (lecture) __21) Know the relationship between the following properties of sound: Vibration, frequency, loudness, amplitude, and pitch , and be prepared to identify examples of how these properties relate to each other. (both) 22) Be ready to apply knowledge gained from the Inverted Vision video to a question about the human ability to adjust to changes in perceptual input. (lecture) __24) Be familiar enough with the illusion the “Ames room” demonstrates to pick it from a list of options. __25) Be prepared to identify the explanation for why illusions occur. (lecture) __26) Be familiar enough with the book’s section on depth perception to be able to identify how different monocular and binocular cues help us to perceive depth. (book) __27) Be able to identify the way that the brain is able to localize a sound based on the positions of the ears. (book)