REGION 4B History of Architecture PDF

History of Architecture - 4 MIMAROPA Region  Meet the Reporters Hi! I’m Hi! I’m Lerrisha Jewel A. De Guzman Dennice Jhon A. Gasmen BS Architecture - 3B BS Architecture - 3B The MIMARO...

History of Architecture - 4 MIMAROPA Region  Meet the Reporters Hi! I’m Hi! I’m Lerrisha Jewel A. De Guzman Dennice Jhon A. Gasmen BS Architecture - 3B BS Architecture - 3B The MIMAROPA The Southwestern Tagalog Region, officially known as MIMAROPA, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It is located in the Luzon Islands and consists of several provinces. MIMAROPA stands for the constituent provinces within the region: Mindoro (divided into Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro) Marinduque Romblon Palawan MIMAROPA covers a total area of approximately 29,620.90 square kilometers. On July 17, 2016, Republic Act No. 10879 formally established the Southwestern Tagalog Region as MIMAROPA, discontinuing the Region IV-B designation. Mindoro (Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro) History Mindoro Island was originally known to the ancients as Ma-i. It was formally called Mait, and known to the Chinese traders before the coming of the Spanish. It was a major anchorage in the Southeast Asia trade route during the pre-Philippines period. Chinese, Arab and Indian merchants traded with the natives.n 1570, the Spanish began to explore the island and named it Mina de Oro (“mine of gold”) after finding some of the precious metal, though no major gold discoveries were ever made. The natives of Mindoro were called Manguianes by the Spaniards. The Mangyans, as they are now anthropologically known, do not have a warrior society. They are a peaceful, shy but friendly people. The term Occidental and Oriental in its name is a translated latin word which means westerns and eastern respectively. Marinduque History "Mare Unduque" is an early Spanish name for Marinduque, derived from the local term "Mare" meaning "sea" and "Unduque," which refers to the waves or tides. This name reflects the province's maritime characteristics and coastal features. Over time, it evolved into the name we know today: Marinduque. The first inhabitants of Marinduque were Malay natives. They established trade relation with the Chinese as early as the Sung Dynasty as evidenced by the artifacts and shards still found in caves that abound on the island. Romblon History "Lomlon" is considered one of the early names of Romblon. It was used by the indigenous people before Spanish colonization. Over time, the name evolved into "Romblon". The Spanish established an encomienda on Romblon in 1571, and the island was evangelized by Spanish Recollect fathers in 1635. The Spanish built two forts, San Andrés and Santiago, to protect the island from Moros. The early inhabitants of Romblon were the Negritoa from Panay and Mangyan tribes from Mindoro. The primary religion practiced in Romblon is Roman Catholicism. Palawan History The Spanish colonizers called the islands “Paragua” and installed the seat of administration at Cuyo island but later transferred I was it to Puerto Princesa City, the present capital of province Later, the American changed the province’s name from Paragua to Palawan. A second class province, Palawan is made up of 1 Highly Urbanized City (Puerto Princesa), 23 municipalities, 367 barangays which excludes the 66 barangays of Puerto Princesa. Also Puerto Princesa is known as the largest town in terms of land area. Vernacular house in MIMAROPA TAGBANUA IN COASTAL AND NEAR- COASTAL PLAINS AND VALLEYS OF CENTRAL PALAWAN Raised on approximately 8'-0" high stilts, the typical home consists of eight levels, each of which corresponds to a specific function, such as entry, dining, cooking or hearth, sleeping, and multiple levels for storage, with the highest level typically housing blanket and pillow storage. Structural Elements: Because there are multiple floor levels, partitions are not necessary, and windows are absent throughout the entire home. Vernacular house in MIMAROPA MANGYAN IN MOUNTAINSIDES OR HILLSIDES OF MINDORO The communal house is a rectangular, one- room structure with a palaganan, or corridor, running down the center of the home. The platforms are higher than the tunnel, and visitors can sleep along the palaganan. The house has a gabled roof with cogon grass thatching and roof eaves that extend 1.00 meters beyond the wall to guard against cold wind. The house is elevated 1.50 meters above the surrounding soil platform and measures 6.00 by 10.00. The palaganan is used for extra storage and visitors can sleep along it. The house has no windows and openings are provided through the area between the flooring and the wall's underside surface. Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era Bancuro Church locally known as Simbahang Bato (transl. Stone Church), is a ruined Roman Catholic church located in Barangay Bancuro, Naujan, Oriental Mindoro. It earned the moniker "a church within a church" because a small chapel is currently housed within the ruins' massive walls. The Simbahang Bato was built during the 1680s-1690s when the Augustinians established their first settlement in Bancuro, Naujan. Its walls were made of coraline stones and lime mortar. The church served as a fort and refuge for locals after being destroyed by the Moro invaders in 1842. In 1858, the capital of Naujan was transferred to Bulwagan Naujan, and it became a pastoral community under the supervision of the Society of the Divine Word in 1937. In 2006, the San Agustin Chaplaincy took over the pastoral work of the Simbahang Bato. Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era Boac Cathedral Boac Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, is a significant historical and religious landmark in Boac, Marinduque. Constructed in 1792 by Franciscan missionaries, it features a classic Baroque architectural style with intricate details and ornate design. Despite natural disasters, including the 1995 earthquake, the cathedral has undergone numerous renovations and restorations. It serves as a center of worship for the local Catholic community and a symbol of Marinduque's rich cultural heritage. As the seat of the Diocese of Boac, it hosts religious events, including the annual Moryonan Festival, which celebrates the Passion of Christ and integrates local traditions with Catholic beliefs Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era Holy Cross Parish Church The Holy Cross Parish Church in Santa Cruz, Marinduque, is a significant historical and cultural landmark with a rich history that dates back to the Spanish colonial period. Founded in the late 16th century by the Franciscan missionaries, the church was initially established to serve the spiritual needs of the local population and facilitate the spread of Christianity Over time, it underwent renovations and expansions, reflecting different architectural styles, particularly the Baroque influence. Notable for its beautiful facade, intricate altars, and unique features, the church serves as a refuge during conflict and is a central hub for cultural activities. Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era Saint Joseph Cathedral Parish St. Joseph Cathedral, a significant Spanish-era church in Romblon, was built in 1644 by Augustinian Recollects and is one of the oldest in the region. It is a prime example of Spanish Baroque architecture, primarily using coral stone, a material abundant in coastal areas. The cathedral played a crucial role during the Spanish colonial period as both a religious center and a focal point of community life. Its sturdy coral stone walls, bell tower, and intricately carved wooden altars reflect Spanish architecture, adapted to the local environment. Today, it remains an important cultural and religious landmark in Romblon, hosting various religious festivities and continuing to be a place of worship for the local community. Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era St. Augustine Parish Church The St. Augustine Parish Church in Taytay, Palawan, holds a significant place in the province’s history as one of the oldest Spanish-era churches. Established in 1667 by the Augustinian Recollects, the church was part of Spain’s missionary efforts to spread Christianity in Palawan. Constructed using coral stones, the church reflects the Baroque architectural style that was prevalent during the Spanish colonial period. Constructed using coral stones, it reflects the Baroque architectural style during the Spanish colonial period. Integrated into the Fort de Santa Isabel, the church served as a spiritual center and refuge during conflicts. Despite renovations, it remains a testament to Spanish influence on Palawan's religious and cultural heritage.  Philippine Architecture in Spanish Era FORTIFICATIONS Fort Santa Isabel Fort San Andres Punta Baluarte Also known as Fuerza de Sta Constructed in 1644 back in the Punta Baluarte was a Spanish Isabel, the historic Taytay Spanish colonization, Fort San Andres fortress build in the 1800s. fort was originally built as a is a part of the Twin Forts in Romblon It was a witness to the bloody wooden palisade in 1667 under built to protect the town from Dutch and brutal "pangangayaw" the Augustinian Recollect and Muslim piracy during the Dutch during the colonial period. Fathers and named in honor of Revolt. The construction was looked Now, it is a testament to the Spain’s Queen Isabel II after by an Augustinian Recollect rich and significant history Agustin de San Pedro, referred to as of the area. El Padre Capitan. Contemporary Architecture in Palawan Canvas Boutique Hotel Architect: Aidea Inc. The Canvas Boutique Hotel is a four-storey, 49-room establishment strategically located in Puerto Princesa, Palawan. True to its name, Canvas now stands as the most architecturally striking hotel with its interesting concept seen in its exterior and interior design. It is in Canvas’ organic form that makes it easily noticeable. The hotel’s efficient space planning enabled it to provide amenities like the 20- meter outdoor swimming pool and the Painted Table which is a 96-seater café and restaurant with a spot for al fresco dining and an 18-seater communal master table at the center of attention. Contemporary Architecture in Palawan Puerto Princesa International Airport The new airport terminal has a floor area of 13,000 square meters with a seating capacity of 1500. Compared to the Old Puerto Princesa Airport with only 800 seating capacity. The project was undertaken by Kumho Industrial Co. Ltd. and GS Engineering & Construction Joint Venture. The New Puerto Princesa International Airport (Architect’s perspective) The New Puerto Princesa International Airport (Interior perspective) Contemporary Architecture in Mindoro New Mindoro Port Passenger Terminal Building Constructed at P353 million by the Philippine Ports Authority, this three-storey PTB covers a land area of 2,500 square meters and designed to provide comfort and convenience to 3,500 passengers with clean and bigger rest rooms, prayer room, breastfeeding station, children playroom, clinic, elevator and escalator. The PTB will likewise be a tourist attraction on its own, featuring outside the walls of the terminal the Pakudos visual motifs, which are common elements of the Mangyan arts and culture. New Mindoro Port Passenger Terminal Building (Exterior) New Mindoro Port Passenger Terminal Building (Interior) That’s All Thank you! References https://palawandailynews.com/feature/the-fortress-of-cuyo/ https://www.aidea.co/projects/canvas-boutique-hotel https://occidentalmindoro.gov.ph/quick- facts/#:~:text=Mindoro%20Island%20was%20originally%20known,and%20m ore%20elaborately%20in%201225. https://marinduque.gov.ph/history/ https://turismo.palawan.gov.ph/about https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033245/http://palawan- news.com/puerto-princesa-international-airport-terminal-opens-may- 4/ https://romblonparadise.com/romblon- cathedral/#:~:text=Officially%20known%20as%20the%20Saint,National% 20Museum%20of%20the%20Philippines. Philippine Architecture during Pre-Spanish and Spanish Period - by Arch. Norma I. Alarcon