Quiz 11.pdf

Geology Quiz Answers 1. Which type of platform is installed with surface facilities for oilfield production? A. Floating platform B. Fixed platform C. Sea-bed platform D. Land platform Answer: Fixed platform (B) Surface facilities for oilfield production are installed on a fixed platform, which can...

Geology Quiz Answers 1. Which type of platform is installed with surface facilities for oilfield production? A. Floating platform B. Fixed platform C. Sea-bed platform D. Land platform Answer: Fixed platform (B) Surface facilities for oilfield production are installed on a fixed platform, which can be on land, on the seabed, floating, or fixed. 2. What is the purpose of a Field Development Plan? A. To specify the engineering, operational, and economical aspects of the project B. To appraise the field C. To commence detailed work on the project D. To prepare a feasibility study Answer: To specify the engineering, operational, and economical aspects of the project (A) A Field Development Plan is prepared following appraisal and a positive feasibility study. It specifies the engineering, operational, and economical aspects of the project and must be sanctioned before detailed work can commence. 3. What is the cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle? A. $-500 million B. $1000 million C. $500 million D. $0 million Answer: $500 million (C) The cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle can reach up to $500 million. The cash flow is shown in the graph, with positive values indicating revenue and negative values indicating costs. 4. Which of the following is a reason for performing workovers on a well? A. Change in well location B. Unsatisfactory performance C. Decrease in water production D. Increase in oil production Answer: Unsatisfactory performance (B) Workovers are performed to address unsatisfactory performance of a well, such as the need for restimulating or re-perforating. 5. What is the primary goal of secondary recovery in oil production? A. To reduce hydrocarbon viscosity B. To change the flow paths C. To increase the reservoir's energy D. To improve sweep and drainage efficiency Answer: To increase the reservoir's energy (C) The primary goal of secondary recovery is to increase the reservoir's energy, typically through methods such as water or gas injection. 6. What is the main purpose of well abandonment? A. To isolate overpressured zones B. To plug and abandon hydrocarbon-bearing intervals C. To protect aquifers D. To decommission offshore installations Answer: To plug and abandon hydrocarbon-bearing intervals (B) The main purpose of well abandonment is to permanently seal and isolate hydrocarbon-bearing intervals to prevent any leakage or contamination. 7. What is the name of the world's largest ship capable of removing offshore platforms in a single lift? A. Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering B. Pioneering Spirit C. Yme mobile offshore production unit D. Valemon Field Answer: Pioneering Spirit (B) The world's largest ship capable of removing offshore platforms in a single lift is called Pioneering Spirit. 8. What is the purpose of surface facilities in oil and gas production? A. To predict the proportions of oil, gas, and water in the reservoir B. To store and dispose of the separated fluids C. To separate, treat, and export the fluids from the wells D. To prevent re-engineering costs in the production life of the reservoir Answer: To separate, treat, and export the fluids from the wells (C) Surface facilities are used to separate, treat, and export the fluids from the wells, including oil, gas, water, and undesirable materials. 9. What is the purpose of water de-oiling in the treatment of separated water? A. To remove sand from the separated water B. To remove contaminants from the separated water C. To remove oil from the separated water D. To remove gas from the separated water Answer: To remove oil from the separated water (C) Water de-oiling is the process of removing oil from the separated water, as the oil may exceed the permitted proportions for disposal. 10. What is the purpose of oil degassing in the treatment process? A. To remove water from the oil B. To remove volatile components from the oil C. To remove contaminants from the oil D. To remove sand from the oil Answer: To remove volatile components from the oil (B) Oil degassing is the process of removing the volatile components from the oil to satisfy the true vapor pressure requirements and ensure the oil remains in liquid form. 11. What is the typical production profile for an oil reservoir? A. Plateau period lasting about a decade B. Buildup followed by decline C. Lengthy supply at a particular rate D. Peak production period followed by decline and perhaps rejuvenation Answer: Peak production period followed by decline and perhaps rejuvenation (D) A typical oilfield production profile includes a peak production period of 2-5 years, followed by decline and possibly rejuvenation, and ultimately abandonment when operating costs exceed production profit. 12. Which one of the following is a key advantage of horizontal wells? A. Higher production indices B. Ability to connect laterally discontinuous features C. Ability to define the direction of flow D. All of the above Answer: All of the above (D) Horizontal wells have the advantages of longer reservoir sections, leading to higher production indices, the ability to connect laterally discontinuous features (fractures, fault-blocks), and the ability to define the direction of flow. 13. Which one of the following is true about multilateral wells? A. They have fewer advantages compared to horizontal wells B. They have lower productivity C. They are less demanding to drill and complete D. They are more popular in Russia and the Middle East Answer: They are more popular in Russia and the Middle East (D) Multilateral wells increase the advantages associated with horizontal wells and are more popular in Russia and the Middle East. 14. Which one of the following is a key feature of lower completions in well completions? A. Liners provide rigidity and ensure an open hole for production logging B. Packers allow different intervals to be isolated C. Cemented and perforated completions allow particular sections to be targeted D. All of the above Answer: All of the above (D) Key features of lower completions include liners that provide rigidity and ensure an open hole for production logging, packers that allow different intervals to be isolated, and cemented and perforated completions that allow particular sections to be targeted. 15. Which one of the following is a basic type of artificial lift system? A. Pumps B. Gas lift C. Beam pump D. All of the above Answer: All of the above (D) There are two basic types of artificial lift systems: pumps, which provide a mechanical means of pushing or pulling the fluids to surface, and gas lift, where gas is injected into the well to lower the density of the hydrocarbon so it will rise. 16. Which of the following is a key component of a Field Development Plan? A. Well completions B. Feasibility study C. Oil production rate D. Decommissioning Answer: Feasibility study (B) A Field Development Plan is prepared following appraisal and a positive feasibility study. 17. What is the purpose of well completions in oil and gas production? A. To decommission the field B. To increase the oil production rate C. To remove offshore platforms D. To prepare the reservoir for production Answer: To prepare the reservoir for production (D) Well completions are performed to prepare the reservoir for production. 18. What is the cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle? A. $0 B. $1500 C. $1000 D. $500 Answer: $1500 (B) The cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle can be seen in the graph provided, reaching $1500 million. 19. Which one of the following is a reason for performing workovers on a well? A. To improve sweep and drainage efficiency B. To change the locations of the producing zone C. To increase the reservoir's energy D. To reduce hydrocarbon viscosity Answer: To change the locations of the producing zone (B) Workovers are performed to change the locations of the producing zone in the well. 20. What is the primary goal of secondary recovery in oil production? A. To improve sweep and drainage efficiency B. To reduce hydrocarbon viscosity C. To increase the reservoir's energy D. To change the flow paths Answer: To change the flow paths (D) The primary goal of secondary recovery is to change the flow paths in the reservoir. 21. What is the main purpose of well abandonment? A. To isolate hydrocarbon-bearing intervals B. To protect aquifers C. To isolate overpressured zones D. To decommission offshore installations Answer: To decommission offshore installations (D) The main purpose of well abandonment is to decommission offshore installations. 22. What is the cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle? A. Appraisal, Decommissioning B. Exploration, Appraisal, Development, Production C. Development, Production D. Exploration, Development Answer: Exploration, Appraisal, Development, Production (B) The cumulative cash flow during the field life cycle includes the stages of exploration, appraisal, development, and production. 23. Which one of the following is a key step in oil and gas production that involves removing volatile components from the oil to satisfy the true vapor pressure requirements? A. Oil dehydration B. Water de-oiling C. Contaminant removal D. Gas compression Answer: Oil dehydration (A) Oil dehydration is the process of removing water from crude oil to meet the required water content standards. 24. What is the main purpose of gas compression in oil and gas production? A. To remove contaminants from the gas B. To remove liquid components from gas C. To increase the pressure of the gas D. To treat the separated water Answer: To increase the pressure of the gas (C) Gas compression is used to increase the pressure of the gas before it is used or transported. 25. Which of the following is a key consideration in the production profile of a gas reservoir? A. Operating costs B. Decline and rejuvenation C. Plateau period D. Peak production period Answer: Plateau period (C) Gas reservoirs often have production profiles designed to provide a plateau period of about a decade, during which a consistent production rate is maintained. 26. What is the primary goal of well testing in oil and gas production? A. To measure the flowing bottom-hole pressure B. To calculate the productivity index C. To determine the initial well flow rate D. To estimate the formation permeability Answer: To determine the initial well flow rate (C) Well testing is conducted to determine the initial well flow rate, which is an important parameter for production planning and reservoir management. 27. Which one of the following is a key advantage of horizontal wells? A. Ability to reach greater depths B. Ability to define the direction of flow C. Higher production indices D. Ability to connect laterally discontinuous features Answer: Ability to connect laterally discontinuous features (D) Horizontal wells have the advantage of being able to connect laterally discontinuous features such as fractures and fault-blocks, allowing for better reservoir drainage. 28. What is the purpose of artificial lift in oil production? A. To provide rigidity to the wellbore B. To increase the productivity index of the well C. To enable hydrocarbons to come to the surface D. To control sand production in the reservoir Answer: To enable hydrocarbons to come to the surface (C) The purpose of artificial lift is to enable or encourage the hydrocarbons to come to the surface by adding energy to the fluids in the well. 29. What is the main purpose of well interventions (workovers)? A. To increase the production rate of the well B. To perform operations within the wellbore after initial completion C. To control sand production in the reservoir D. To abandon the well and seal it permanently Answer: To perform operations within the wellbore after initial completion (B) Well interventions, also known as workovers, refer to any operations done within the wellbore after the initial completion, such as repairs, maintenance, or stimulation, to optimize the well's performance. 30. What is the equation for the steady-state flow rate up a well? A. $q_0 \propto PI(P_R - P_{WH})$ B. $q_0 \propto PI(P_R - P_{wf})$ C. $q_0 \propto R(P_{wf} - P_{WH})$ D. $q_0 \propto R(P_{wf} - P_R)$ Answer: $q_0 \propto R(P_{wf} - P_{WH})$ (C) The equation for the steady-state flow rate up a well is given by $q_0 \propto R(P_{wf} - P_{WH})$, where $q_0$ is the flow rate, $R$ is the wellbore radius, $P_{wf}$ is the flowing bottom-hole pressure, and $P_{WH}$ is the wellhead pressure. 31. Which one of the following is a key consideration in the selection of a production platform for oilfield production? A. Facility requirements B. Environmental impact C. Operational efficiency D. All of the above Answer: All of the above (D) The choice of platform for oilfield production depends on various factors, including facility requirements, environmental impact, and operational efficiency. 32. What is the purpose of well logging while drilling and geosteering? A. To measure the properties of the rocks while drilling B. To determine the flow rates of the wells C. To monitor the pressure in the reservoir D. To control the direction of the wellbore Answer: To measure the properties of the rocks while drilling (A) Well logging while drilling and geosteering is used to measure the properties of the rocks while drilling, such as porosity and permeability. 33. What is the primary goal of secondary recovery in oil production? A. To improve the quality of the produced oil B. To reduce the environmental impact of oil production C. To increase the oil production rate D. To extend the life of the reservoir Answer: To extend the life of the reservoir (D) The primary goal of secondary recovery in oil production is to extend the life of the reservoir by injecting fluids into the reservoir to push the remaining oil towards the production wells. 34. What is the purpose of workovers in oil and gas production? A. To increase the reservoir's energy B. To improve sweep and drainage efficiency C. To change the fluid properties D. To restimulate or re-perforate the well Answer: To restimulate or re-perforate the well (D) Workovers in oil and gas production are performed to address unsatisfactory performance, such as the need for restimulation or re-perforation of the well. 35. What is the primary goal of secondary recovery in oil production? A. To increase the reservoir's energy B. To improve porescale efficiency C. To reduce hydrocarbon viscosity D. To change the locations of the producing zone Answer: To improve porescale efficiency (B) Secondary recovery techniques, such as waterflooding, aim to improve sweep and drainage efficiency in the reservoir. 36. What percentage of UKCS decommissioning costs are associated with well plugging and abandonment? A. 50% B. 30% C. 40% D. 20% Answer: 40% (C) Approximately 40% of decommissioning costs in the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) are attributed to well plugging and abandonment. 37. What is the primary purpose of isolating hydrocarbon-bearing intervals during well abandonment? A. To protect aquifers B. To isolate overpressured zones C. To improve sweep and drainage efficiency D. To change the fluid properties Answer: To protect aquifers (A) During well abandonment, one of the main objectives is to isolate hydrocarbon-bearing intervals to prevent any contamination of aquifers. 38. Which one of the following is a key step in the treatment of separated water in oil and gas production? A. Dew-point conditioning of gas B. Contaminant removal C. Gas compression D. Oil dehydration Answer: Oil dehydration (D) Oil dehydration is the process of removing water from the separated water in order to meet the requirement for crude oil, which is usually less than 0.5% water. 39. Which one of the following is a key consideration in the production profile of an oil reservoir? A. Decline period B. Rejuvenation period C. Plateau period D. Buildup period Answer: Plateau period (C) The production profile of an oil reservoir includes a plateau period, which is a period of peak production lasting 2-5 years. 40. What is the primary purpose of gas compression in oil and gas production? A. To prevent liquid drop-out during transportation B. To satisfy the true vapor pressure requirements C. To transport gas to desired pressure D. To remove volatile components from the oil Answer: To transport gas to desired pressure (C) Gas compression is used to transport gas to the desired pressure before it is used or exported for sale. 41. What is the equation for the steady-state flow rate up a well? A. $q_o = PI(P_R + P_{wf})^2$ B. $q_o = PI(P_R + P_{wf})$ C. $q_o = PI(P_R - P_{wf})^2$ D. $q_o = PI(P_R - P_{wf})$ Answer: $q_o = PI(P_R - P_{wf})$ (D) The equation for the steady-state flow rate up a well is $q_o = PI(P_R - P_{wf})$, where $q_o$ is the flow rate, $PI$ is the productivity index, $P_R$ is the reservoir pressure, and $P_{wf}$ is the flowing bottomhole pressure. 42. Which one of the following is a key advantage of horizontal wells? A. They define the direction of flow B. They have longer reservoir sections, leading to higher production indices C. They have the ability to connect laterally discontinuous features D. They have the ability to produce oil at a lower cost Answer: They have longer reservoir sections, leading to higher production indices (B) Horizontal wells have longer reservoir sections, which allows for higher production indices as it exposes more of the reservoir to the wellbore. 43. What is the main purpose of Logging While Drilling (LWD)? A. To measure the resistivity of the formation B. To evaluate the productivity of the well C. To provide real-time information about the formation while drilling D. To determine the well trajectory and direction Answer: To provide real-time information about the formation while drilling (C) Logging While Drilling (LWD) is used to provide real-time information about the formation while drilling, allowing for immediate decision-making and adjustments during the drilling process. 44. What is the primary purpose of well completions in oil and gas production? A. To provide communication between the well and the reservoir B. To control sand production in the well C. To provide communication between the well and the wellhead D. To inject gravel into hydraulic fractures in the formation Answer: To provide communication between the well and the reservoir (A) Well completions provide communication between the well and the reservoir, allowing for the flow of hydrocarbons from the reservoir to the wellbore. 45. What is the main purpose of artificial lift in oil production? A. To add energy to the fluids in the well B. To enable or encourage the hydrocarbons to come to the surface C. To provide a mechanical means of pushing or pulling the fluids to the surface D. To lower the density of the hydrocarbon so it will rise Answer: To enable or encourage the hydrocarbons to come to the surface (B) The main purpose of artificial lift in oil production is to enable or encourage the hydrocarbons to come to the surface. Artificial lift systems add energy to the fluids in the well to overcome the pressure gradient and bring the hydrocarbons to the surface.