PSYU3399 Exam Notes Week 1-13 PDF

**[Ethics ]** **Normative Ethics:** Explores how we should behave and distinguishes right from wrong actions. 1. - - 2. - - **Virtue Ethics (Aristotle):** - - **Descriptive Ethics:** - **Applied Ethics:** - **Other Ethical Theories:** - **Global Citizenship:**...

**[Ethics ]** **Normative Ethics:** Explores how we should behave and distinguishes right from wrong actions. 1. - - 2. - - **Virtue Ethics (Aristotle):** - - **Descriptive Ethics:** - **Applied Ethics:** - **Other Ethical Theories:** - **Global Citizenship:** - **Ethical Research Principles:** - **[Aggression ]** **Aggression:** Behavior intended to cause harm, with violence being an extreme form. **Forms:** - - - - - **Functions:** - - - **Subdisciplines:** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Genetics:** - - - **Biological Factors:** - - - - **General Aggression Model (GAM):** - - - **I Cubed Model:** - - - - **[Media Violence ]** **Effects of Violent Media:** - **Psychological Research Findings:** - - - **Seven-Nation Study (Anderson & Warburton, 2017):** - **Psychological Mechanisms:** - - - - - - **Limbic System** - - - **Memory Storage** - - **Emotional Processing:** - - **Desensitisation:** - - - **Brain Activity:** Brain imaging studies (fMRI and EEG/MEG) show that watching violent media leads to: - - - - - **Other Brainmapping Studies:** Matthews and Colleagues (Indiana Medical School): - - Grafman et al. (National Institutes of Health): - - - **Remediation:** - **Overall Impact:** - - **[Traffic Psychology ]** **Traffic Psychology:** - **Utes and SUVs:** - - - - - **Vulnerability by Age:** - - **Fatal 5 Risk Behaviors:** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. **Vision Zero:** - **Perceptual Errors:** - - - **Facts:** - - - **[Internet Pornography]** **Overview** - - - - - - **Technological Impact on Pornography** Key 1980s Developments (McCullough, 2015) - - - Increased consumption (Price et al., 2015) - Influencing Factors - - Cooper's 'Triple-A Engine' (1998) - - - Cultural Shift: - **Covid-19 and Porn Use** Impact of Covid-10 - - - Reasons for increased use - - Mainstream concerns - - - Gender dynamics - - Concerns about violence - - **Theoretical Underpinnings of Media Violence and Sexual Behaviour** Cognitive Theories - Social learning Theory - Social-Cognitive Structures ( Bushman & Huesmann, 2001) - - - General Aggression Model (GAM - Bushman & Anderson, 2002) - Effects of Media Violence - - Gender Schema Theory (Bem, 1981) - Sex Script Theory (Huesmann, 1986) - - - **Media Violence Criticism** - - - - **Child Exposure to Inappropriate Content** - - - - NSW Government Inquiry - - - **Education Initiatives** Need for education - - - Current gaps - - **Funding Announcement (July 2024):** - - - **Widespread Exposure to Porn** Survey Findings (Our Watch, 2018) - - - **Impact and Concerns** - - - - - **Effects on behaviour** - - - **Key Studies** - - **[2024 Australian Child Maltreatment and Domestic Violence ]** **Child Maltreatment:** - - - - **Breakdown of abuse by predators:** - - - - - - - - Notable increase in abuse by peers, linked to: - - - **Cultural Attributes and Violence Against Women** Statistics from 2021 National Community Attitudes Survey - - Indicates societal support for harmful gender roles, like men's entitelement to sex and blaming women for sexual violence. **Partner Abuse:** - - - **Stalking:** - **Trends:** - - **Domestic Violence and Vulnerability:** - - **Family Violence:** - - **Economic Cost:** - - **[Scientific Literacy ]** Definition: The capacity to apply your skills and knowledge to everyday life and the workplace. Required for: - - - Allows people to: - - - - - - - - - **[Psychological Literacy ]** Definition Ability to use knowledge of psychology to understand and solve real-life problems. **Key People:** - - - - - - - - - - **Key Focus:** Thinking like a psychologist, reflecting on thoughts, and using them to improve society, even if it means challenging the status quo. **Heuristics:** Mental shortcuts to allow people to solve problems or make judgements quickly and efficiently. **Key Study:** Cognitive Reflection Test (Frederick, 2005) - designed to measure a persons tendency to override an incorrect gut feeling and engage in further reflection to find a correct answer. Examples from test: 1. - - 2. - - **[Psychology Pathways ]** **Pathways to Become a Psychologist** - - 1. 2. - **Competencies Required to Become a Psychologist** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. **[Drug and Alcohol Ethics]** **Global Drug and Alcohol Stats [ ]** - - - - - - - **Australian Drug and Alcohol Stats (2022)** - - - - **Alcohol Use in Australia** - - - - **Illicit Drugs in Australia** - - - **Treatment in Australia (2022-2023):** - - - - - **[Important Organisations: ]** - - - - - - National Standards and Codes of Ethical Conduct - - **[National Practice Standards:]** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. **[APS Code of Ethics ]** **General Principle A: Respect for Rights and Dignity** - - - - - - - **General Principle B: Propriety** - - - - - - - - - - - - - **General Principle C: Integrity** - - - - - - - **[The Mental Health Act (2007)]** **Purpose**: Governs the care and treatment of people with mental illness in NSW. **Key Principles:** - - - - **Who The Act Applies To:** - - - - - **Mentally Disordered:** - - - - - - **Mentally Ill:** - - - - - **Tribunal Process:** - - - - **[Child Safety and Mandatory Reporting in NSW:]** **Mandatory Reporting:** - - - - **[AHPRA PBA Mandatory Reporting (Health Practitioners):]** **Psychology Board Guidelines:** - - - **Mandatory Notifications:** - - - **Notifiable Conduct (Section 140 of National Law):** - - - - **Key Authorities:** - - - **[Human Rights Acts:]** - - - - - - **[Privacy Act 1988 - Australian Privacy Principles (APPs)]** **APP 1: Open and transparent management of personal information** - **APP 2: Anonymity and pseudonymity** - **APP 3: Collection of solicited personal information** - **APP 4: Dealing with unsolicited personal information** - **APP 5: Notification of the collection of personal information** - **APP 6: Use or disclosure of personal information** - **APP 7: Direct marketing** - **APP 8: Cross-border disclosure of personal information** - **APP 9: Government-related identifiers** - **APP 10: Quality of personal information** - **APP 11: Security of personal information** - **APP 12: Access to personal information** - **APP 13: Correction of personal information** - **[Ongoing Professional Development (OPD)]** **Continuous Learning** - - - **CPD Requirements** - - **Types of CPD** - - **Endorsement in Special Practice Areas** - - **Record Keeping** - - **Consequences of Non-Compliance** - **Importance:** - - **[Importance of Self-Care for Psychologists and Counsellors ]** - - - - - - **[Burnout in the Caring Professions ]** - - - - **3 Dimensions of Burnout (Maslach)** 1. 2. 3. **6 Dimensions of Burnout (Gabriela Tavella, 2023)** - - - - - - **Sydney Burnout Measure** - - - - - - **Recognising Burnout** - - **[Factors That Influence Burnout ]** **Situational Factors** - - - **Mismatch Theory (Maslach et al., 2000):** Burnout occurs when there is a mismatch in 6 areas: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Personal Factors** Demographics - - Personality - - - Attitudes: Higher expectations can increase burnout risks **Combating Burnout** Organisational changes - - Personal strategies - - -