PPG11_Q1_W2_Meaning-of-Ideology_Bisquera_Apayao_v3.pdf

Meaning of Ideology Module in Philippine Politics and Governance 11/12 First Quarter - Week 2 LENAVIC C. BISQUERA Developer Department of Education Schools Division Office of Apayao  Republic of the Philippines...

Meaning of Ideology Module in Philippine Politics and Governance 11/12 First Quarter - Week 2 LENAVIC C. BISQUERA Developer Department of Education Schools Division Office of Apayao  Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Cordillera Administrative Region Schools Division of Apayao Capagaypayan, Luna, Apayao Published by: Learning Resource Management and Development System COPYRIGHT NOTICE 2020 Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.” This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum through the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited version, an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original work is acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from this material for commercial purposes and profit. ii  What I Know Before you start studying this module, take this simple test first to find out how much you already know about the topics in this module. Choose the letter of the correct answer to each of the following questions. ( Use a separate sheet to write your answer.) 1. It is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class a. Political Ideologies b. Ideology c. Government d. People 2. It refers to those whom the state is obliged to protect and provide services. a. Government b. State c. People d. Ideology 3. These are people’s assessment of reality and what they hold to be true. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Attitudes 4. These are people’s ideas about right and wrong. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Attitudes 5. This term was conceived in 1796 by French Philosopher Destutt de Tracy to refer to new science that endeavored to uncover origins of conscious thought and ideas. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Political Ideology 6. All of the following are characteristics of ideology expect: a. Ideology is action oriented b. Ideologies have their levels end in –ism. c. It advances a model of the desired future, a vision of the good society. d. Ideologies mobilize a large number of people 5 7. What is the importance of political ideology? a. It illustrate how good or bad a government system should be b. This serve as the foundation for political and economic practices of a particular polity/ state c. It appeals to people’s existing ideas about the world rather than challenging them to grow and evolve. d. All of the above. 8. Ideology is a systematic body of concepts especially about human life or culture. Political ideologies is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. Only the first statement is true d. Only one first statement is false 9. In a political spectrum, what happen when a political ideology can be place in left wing? a. It is pessimistic ( negative thinker) b. It is optimistic (positive thinker) c. It is neutral d. It is non thinker 10. The set of ideas commands a strong commitment from many of its adherents and significantly influences political beliefs and actions. a. Comprehensive b. Intensiveness c. Extensiveness. d. Pervasiveness 11. Who coined the term Ideology during the French Revolution and subsequently used in public in 1796. a. Antoine Destutt de Tracy b. Martin Luther c. Karl Marx d. Abraham Maslow 12. What is best definition of ideology? a. A type of belief-system favoured by extremists b. A science devoted to the discovery of unquestionable truths. c. A set of ideas which typically provides a description of things as they are, potrays an ideal political order, and suggest how that ideal could be attain. d. The characteristics outlook of people who are not clever enough to understand the work of political philosophers. 6 13. All of the following are features of ideology except: a. It offers an account of the existing order, usually in the form of a 'world view'. b. It advances a model of the desired future, a vision of the good society. c. It explains how political change can and should be brought about- how to get from the two other features. d. It provides an explanation for problems that confronts modern societies by providing futuristic vision. 14. Which of the following is not an intellectual Components of an Ideology a. Values. b. Politics c. The vision of the Ideal Polity. d. The conception of the Human Nature. 15. Which of the following is not a function of ideology? a. Ideologies answer eternal questions and cut off competing beliefs and values b. Ideology addresses a basic human psychological needs such as safety, freedom, and community. c. Ideology provides its believers with a sense of understanding history and with clues about what kinds of things they should pay attention to or ignore. d. Ideology is essential and powerful. 7  Lesson Ideology 2. 1 What’s In Answer the following questions: 1. What is the difference between government and governance? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. What are the characteristics of good governance? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ What’s New Activity 1 Decode the letters to form the concept based from the given definition/meaning. (.( Use a separate sheet to write your answer.) __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 9 4 5 15 12 15 7 25 It is a systematic body of concepts especially about human life or culture. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 16 15 12 9 20 9 3 1 12 9 4 5 15 12 15 7 25 It is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class. 8  What is It? “Are you familiar with this line “If we hold on together our dreams will never die”? Whose ideology is it? Do you have an ideology in life too? What is ideology? Political Ideology Antoine Destutt de Tracy (1754-1836) coined the term Ideology during the French Revolution and subsequently used in public in 1796. Idéologie according to Tracy is a new 'science of ideas" from a literal term idea-logy (Heywood, 2012). Ideology becomes a political weapon to condemn or criticize opposing arrays of ideas or belief system. Beliefs are people's assessment of reality and what they hold to be true whereas, Values are people's ideas about right and wrong. Therefore, when beliefs and values are put together in a coherent system, they form an ideology. Some of the meanings attached to ideology as enumerated by Heywood are: a political belief system; an action — oriented set of political ideas; the ideas of the ruling class; the world view of a particular social class or social group; political ideas that embody or articulate class or social interests; ideas that propagate false consciousness amongst the exploited or oppressed; ideas that state the individual within a social context and generate a sense of collective belonging; an officially sanctioned set of ideas used to legitimate a political system or regime; an all-embracing political doctrine that claims a monopoly of truth; and an abstract and highly systematic set of political ideas. Thus, Political ideologies could be seen as commitments in order to change political system (Roskins, etc., 2012). An ideology is a collection of ideas. Typically, each ideology contains certain ideas on what it considers to be the best form of government (e.g. democracy or autocracy) and the best economic system (e.g. capitalism or socialism). Sometimes the same word is used to identify both an ideology and one of its main ideas. For instance, "socialism" may refer to an economic system, or it may refer to an ideology which supports that economic system. Political ideology is a term fraught with problems, having been called "the most elusive concept in the whole of social science”, However, ideologies 9 tend to identify themselves by their position on the political spectrum (such as the left, the center or the right), though this is very often controversial. Finally, ideologies can be distinguished from political strategies (e.g. populism) and from single issues that a party may be built around (e.g. opposition to European integration or the legalization of marijuana). There are several studies that show that political ideology is heritable within families. Distinguished Ideologies from Ideas (Macridis in Ranney, 1995) ❖ Comprehensiveness. An ideology covers ideas pertaining many great matters, such as human beings place in the universal domain, man's relationship to the Divine being, the highest goals of society and government, the essential nature of people, and the best means of achieving the highest social and political objectives. ❖ Pervasiveness. The set of ideas has not only been known for a long time but has shaped the political beliefs and actions of many people. Before Christ, democracy, oligarchy, and autocracy are widely talked about, and that great movement has fought those ideologies for over 2,000 years. ❖ Extensiveness. The set of ideas is held by a large number of people and plays a vital role in nations and states political affairs. ❖ Intensiveness. The set of ideas commands a strong commitment from many of its adherents and significantly influences political beliefs and actions. Characteristics of Ideology ❖ Ideologies have their levels end in —ism. ❖ Ideologies provide an explanation for problems that confronts modern societies by providing futuristic vision. ❖ Ideology is action-oriented. ❖ Ideologies mobilize a large number of people. Features of ideology (Heywood, 2012) ❖ It offers an account of the existing order, usually in the form of a 'world view'. ❖ It advances a model of the desired future, a vision of the good society. ❖ It explains how political change can and should be brought about- how to get from the two other features. 10 Intellectual Components of an Ideology ❖ Values. ❖ The vision of the Ideal Polity. ❖ The conception of the Human Nature. ❖ The strategy of Action. ❖ Political Tactics. Functions of Ideologies. ❖ Ideology addresses a basic human psychological needs such as safety, freedom, and community. ❖ Ideology provides its believers with a sense of understanding history and with clues about what kinds of things they should pay attention to or ignore. ❖ Ideology is essential. ❖ Ideology is powerful. Societal Role of Ideologies ❖ Ideologies answer eternal questions and cut off competing beliefs and values; ❖ Ideologies explain how the universe works and why it works that way; and ❖ Ideologies tell us how to behave; they help us predict the future. 11  What’s More Activity 1: Acrostic Create an acrostic poem about the characteristics or concept of ideology. I- D- E- O- L- O- G- Y- Assessment 1 Study the following statements and answer the questions.(Please use separate sheet for answer.) _______1. It is a systematic body of concepts especially about human? life or culture? ______ 2. A political belief system; an action — oriented set of political ideas. ______ 3. People's assessment of reality and what they hold to be true _______4. These are people's ideas about right and wrong. _______5. These are set of ideas is held by a large number of people and plays a vital role in nations and states political affairs. _______6. It is a set of ideas commands a strong commitment from many of its adherents and significantly influences political beliefs. ______7. He coined the term Ideology during the French Revolution and subsequently used in public in 1796. _______8. The set of ideas has not only been known for a long time but has shaped the political beliefs and actions of many people. 12 ______ 9. An ideology covers ideas pertaining many great matters, such as human beings place in the universal domain _____ 10. Ideologies have their levels end in ____________. Activity 2: Watch the video clips using the link (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=vz- szuwRgAE). Based from the video answer the following questions: 1. How do we acquire political beliefs? 2. How people will be affected by these beliefs? Assessment 2: Study the following concepts whether they belong, to IDEOLOGY or POLITICAL IDEOLOGY. Use the Table below to show your answer. a. is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class b. a systematic body of concepts especially about human life or cultu c. a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an individual, group, or culture d. the integrated assertions, theories and aims that constitute a socio- political program e. political ideologies form the basis of how they view the world around them and the proper role of government in the world. f. is a more or less coherent set of ideas that provides the basis for organized political action, whether this is intended to preserve, modify or overthrow the existing system of power. 13  g. (a)offer an account of the existing order, usually in the form of a ‘world-view’, (b) advance a model of a desired future, a vision of the ‘good society’, and (c) explain how political change can and should be brought about- how to get from A to B. (Heywood 2003, 12) Activity 3: IDEOLOGY POLITICAL IDEOLOGY 1. 2. 3. Answer the following questions. Use separate sheet of paper in answering the activity. 1. How do your parents manage your household? 2. What are the things you wish to change the way your household is managed? 3. Which ideology you like most your father or your mother?Why? 14  Assessment 3: My Ideology Write an essay about your ideology in life. In your essay show the significant value of that ideology to your life as a student and a good citizen. Title: My Ideology in Life ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ What I Have Learned Sum It Up! 1. Today I have learned that _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. The topic that is NOT clear to me is/are _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 15  What I Can Do Answer the question: 1. Compare the ideologies of your mother and father. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 2. Given such experience from your parents, who among them are you in favor? Why? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 3. As a son/daugther what are the things that you can do in order to change/improve that ideologies that they have? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Assessment Encircle the letter of the correct answer to each of the following questions. Use separate sheet of paper for your answer. 1. Ideology is a systematic body of concepts especially about human life or culture. Political ideologies is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. Only the first statement is true d. Only one first statement is false 16 2. In a political spectrum, what happen when a political ideology can be place in left wing? a. It is pessimistic ( negative thinker) b. It is optimistic (positive thinker) c. It is neutral d. It is non thinker 3. The set of ideas commands a strong commitment from many of its adherents and significantly influences political beliefs and actions. a. Comprehensive b. Intensiveness c. Extensiveness. d. Pervasiveness 4. All ofthe following are characteristics of ideology expect: a. Ideology is action oriented b. Ideologies have their levels end in –ism. c. It advances a model of the desired future, a vision of the good society. d. Ideologies mobilize a large number of people 5. What is the importance of political ideology? a. It illustrate how good or bad a government system should be b. This serve as the foundation for political and economic practices of a particular polity/ state c. It appeals to people’s existing ideas about the world rather than challenging them to grow and evolve. d. All of the above. 6. It is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group of individuals or a particular social class a. Political Ideologies b. Ideology c. Government d. People 7. It refers to those whom the state is obliged to protect and provide services. a. Government b. State c. People d. Ideology 17 8. These are people’s assessment of reality and what they hold to be true. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Attitudes 9. These are people’s ideas about right and wrong. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Attitudes 10. This term was conceived in 1796 by French Philosopher Destutt de Tracy to refer to new science that endeavored to uncover origins of conscious thought and ideas. a. Ideology b. Beliefs c. Values d. Political Ideology 11. Who coined the term Ideology during the French Revolution and subsequently used in public in 1796. a. Antoine Destutt de Tracy b. Martin Luther c. Karl Marx d. Abraham Maslow 12. Which of the following is not a function of ideology? a. Ideologies answer eternal questions and cut off competing beliefs and values b. Ideology addresses a basic human psychological needs such as safety, freedom, and community. c. Ideology provides its believers with a sense of understanding history and with clues about what kinds of things they should pay attention to or ignore. d. Ideology is essential and powerful. 18  13. What is best definition of ideology? a. A type of belief-system favoured by extremists b. A science devoted to the discovery of unquestionable truths. c. A set of ideas which typically provides a description of things as they are, potrays an ideal political order, and suggest how that ideal could be attain. d. The characteristics outlook of people who are not clever enough to understand the work of political philosophers. 14. Which of the following is not an intellectual Components of an ideology? a. Values. b. Politics c. The vision of the Ideal Polity. d. The conception of the Human Nature 15. All of the following are features of ideology except: a. It offers an account of the existing order, usually in the form of a 'world view'. b. It advances a model of the desired future, a vision of the good society. c. It explains how political change can and should be brought about- how to get from the two other features. d. It provides an explanation for problems that confronts modern societies by providing futuristic vision. Additional Activity COLLAGE MAKING: Make a collage about the the concept of ideology and political ideology. Rubrics for the activity Content------------------10pts Cleanliness-------------- 5 pts. Creativity----------------- 10 pts. 19  20 IDEOLOGY POLITICAL Assessment 1 IDEOLOGY 1. IDEOLOGY a systematic body of concepts is a set of related beliefs about 2. POLITICAL IDEOLOGY especially about human life or political theory and policy held 3. BELIEF culture by an individual, group of 4. VALUES individuals or a particular 5. EXTENSIVENESS social class 6. INTENSIVENESS 7. ANTOINE DESTUTT DE TRACY a manner or the content of political ideologies form the 8. PERVASIVENESS thinking characteristic of an basis of how they view the 9. COMPREHENSIVENESS individual, group, or culture world around them and the 10. -ISM proper role of government in the world. : the integrated assertions, (a)offer an account of the theories and aims that existing order, usually in the constitute a socio-political form of a ‘world-view’, (b) program advance a model of a desired future, a vision of the ‘good is a more or less coherent set society’, and (c) explain how of ideas that provides the political change can and basis for organized political should be brought about- how action, whether this is intended to get from A to B. (Heywood 2003, 12) to preserve, modify or overthrow the existing system of power. What I Know What’s In Assessment 1. A 1. IDEOLOGY 1. A 2. C 2. POLITICAL 2. B 3. B IDEOLOGY 3. B 4. C 4. C 5. A 5. B 6. C 6. A 7. B 7. C 8. A 8. B 9. A 9. C 10. B 10. A 11. A 11. A 12. C 12. A 13. D 13. C 14. B 14. B 15. A 15. D Answer Key  References Books Pawilen, R.A. and Pawilen, Reiden M., Philippine Politics and Governance. Manila: Rex Publishing, 2017. Tabajen ,Rhene C. and Pulma, Erlinda B., Philippine Politics and Governance, Manila: JFS Publishing Services, 2016. Website Angeles, Kristene. Lesson 1. Introduction: The concepts of politics and governance. https:// www.academia.education Babatu-on, Juna. Daily Lesson Pplan Philippine Politics and Governance. https:// www.academia.education Polidario, Aybi. Political Ideologies. https://www.slideshare.net Mr. Panaccio. Ideologies an Introduction. https://www.slideshare.net Silva, Nelson. Political Ideologies. https://www.slideshare.net 21 FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY Subject for Copyright Evaluation For inquiries or feedback, please write or email: Department of Education - Schools Division of Apayao Capagaypayan, Luna, Apayao Email Address: [email protected]