Philosophy Notes PDF

Soul as an integral part of a person.  Heraclitus - Soul is associated with fire, and there is something in store for the soul the moment it leaves the body.  Pythagoreans - Soul existed before the body (soul committed sins - sins can include things such as greed, lust,...

Soul as an integral part of a person.  Heraclitus - Soul is associated with fire, and there is something in store for the soul the moment it leaves the body.  Pythagoreans - Soul existed before the body (soul committed sins - sins can include things such as greed, lust, envy, and other negative emotions or actions)  Jailed = body as a punishment. Driving force to work -> Purification of the soul to liberate it. -> one had to engaged in highly intellectual activities.  It could be said that Pythagoras saw the study of mathematics as a purifier of the soul. Also taught the transmigration and immortality of the soul.  Socrates believed that human nature is determine by one’s soul.  Soul as the center of moral life. Knowledge -> perfection of the soul -- > achieve the highest form of happiness.  Knowledge = Virtue ( Good moral ) Daimonion - Divine voice inside one’s being  Same concept with Socrates.  He argued that the soul did not come into existence with the body and came to be prior to being joined in the body.  As the body dies, the soul survives—the cycle of reincarnation or transmigration. Able to obtain knowledge through remembrance of these forms.  Irreconcilable nature of body and soul. Body (prison of soul)- >genuine wisdom to purify the soul. “training for dying”  Life and Incorruptibility Death of the Soul Knowing is The Argument Reminiscing from Opposites  Life and Death The cyclical Argument The cycle of transmigration or reincarnation of the soul If life leads to death, death must lead to life.  Body and soul are opposites and irreconciable. One does not experience the true meaning of life as he/ she stuck in the body.  Life and Incorruptibility Death of the Soul Knowing is The Argument Reminiscing from Opposites The soul is part of the body that animates it.  The body and the soul are inseparable. He assumed that every soul has only one body. Soul does not survive death.  He dismissed the concept of transmigration / reincarnation of the soul.  The soul may work independently of the body; the soul needs the body to manifest its powers. Without the body, the soul is incomplete. 3 DIVISION OF THE SOUL 3 DIVISION OF THE SOUL The Vegetative Soul The Sensitive Soul The Rational/ Intellectual Soul Basics of existence— nourishment, growth, reproduction The Sensitive Soul Sensation, perception, and movement The Rational/ Intellectual Soul Responsible for thinking and reasoning 3 DIVISION OF THE SOUL The Vegetative Soul The Sensitive Soul The Rational/ Intellectual Soul  Called one’s point of view  Perception is the faculty of apprehension by the senses  It enables a person to form conclusions and render judgments based on facts and premises. One’s reasoning is largely dependent on the amount of knowledge he/she has gained all throughout his/her lifetime. Also known as the ability to visualize, it refers to the formation of images in the mind. The power of imagination is considered one of the most valued miracles of the human being.  Imagination enables a person to experience something entirely. different world inside the mind.