Philippine Transportation System Module 2 PDF

9/13/2020 INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Module 2 OUTLINE 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Transportation Engineering as a Pro...

9/13/2020 INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Module 2 OUTLINE 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Transportation Engineering as a Profession 2.3 Transportation as a System 2.4 Philippine Transportation System 1  9/13/2020 2.1 INTRODUCTION What is transportation? It is the movement of people and goods from one location to another. 2  9/13/2020 What is transportation engineering? It is the application of scientific principles to the planning, design, operation, and management of transportation system 2.2 Transportation Engineering as a Profession 3  9/13/2020 WHAT IS THE INVOLVEMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN TRANSPORTATION? CIVIL ENGINEERING INVOLVEMENT IN TRANSPORTATION The primary involvement of civil engineers in transportation has been in the provision of physical facilities and devising operating strategies for them. 4  9/13/2020 PHYSICAL CIVIL ENGINEERING Design, construction, and maintenance of fixed transportation facilities and involves the full spectrum of engineering specialties OPERATING STRATEGIES: SYSTEM ENGINEERING Planning and operation of the transportation system, and is involved in transportation planning, including the analysis of transportation demand; analysis of system capacity and operating characteristics; and the design of traffic control and operating strategies (which include highway traffic engineering and operational design of freight and mass transit systems) 5  9/13/2020 ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION TO SOCIETY Role of Transportation to Society Economic Social Political Environmental 6  9/13/2020 Transportation Employment Logistic and Supply-Chain Management Vehicle Design and Transportation Services Transportation Infrastructure Services LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY-CHAIN MANAGEMENT Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient and effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from origination to consumption as required by the customer. An expansion of the logistics concept is called supply-chain management: a process that coordinates the product, information, and cash flows to maximize consumption satisfaction and minimize organization costs. 7  9/13/2020 VEHICLE DESIGN AND TRANSPORTATION SERVICES The service sector provides jobs for vehicle drivers, maintenance people, flight attendants, train conductors, and other necessary support personnel. TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES Civil engineers are responsible primarily for the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the transportation system The transportation engineer is the professional who is concerned with the planning, design, construction, operations, and management of a transportation system. It is the engineer’s responsibility to ensure that the system functions efficiently from an economic point of view, and that it meets external requirements concerning energy, air quality, safety, congestion, noise, and land use. 8  9/13/2020 SPECIALTIES WITHIN TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING SUMMARY Transportation is an essential element in the economic development of a society. The history of transportation illustrates that the way people move is affected by technology, cost, and demand. The specialties in transportation engineering are planning, design, construction, traffic management and operations, and maintenance. 9  9/13/2020 2.3 TRANSPORTATION AS A SYSTEM Components of Transportation System Physical Facilities Control systems Operating procedures 10  9/13/2020 COMPONENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS Physical facilities – streets, roads, highways, railroads, airports, sea and river ports, pipelines, and canals COMPONENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS Fleet of vehicles, vessels, and aircraft 11  9/13/2020 COMPONENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS Operating bases and facilities, including vehicle maintenance facilities and office space MAINTENANCE QANTAS OFFICE FACILITY COMPONENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION 1. Facility-oriented Ex: DOTr, MMDA, organization – they DPWH, PPA are involved in planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating fixed facilities 12  9/13/2020 COMPONENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION 2. Operating Organization (or carriers) – concerned with operating fleets to provide transportation services. They include railroads, airlines, truck lines, and private individuals who operate automobiles, motorcycles, and bicycles. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 1. Multi-modal: Covering all modes of transport; air, land, and sea for both passenger and freight. 2. Multi-sector: Encompassing the problems and viewpoints of government, private industry, and public. 3. Multi-problem: Ranging across a spectrum of issues that includes national and international policy, planning of regional system, the location and design of specific facilities, carrier management issues, regulatory, institutional and financial policies. 13  9/13/2020 CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 4. Multi-objective: Aiming at national and regional economic development, urban development, environment quality, and social quality, as well as service to users and financial and economic feasibility. 5. Multi-disciplinary: Drawing on the theories and methods of engineering, economics, operations research, political science, psychology, other natural, and social sciences, management and law. STUDY CONTEXT OF TRANSPORTATION 1. Planning range: Urban transportation planning, producing long range plans for 5- 25 years for multi-modal transportation systems in urban areas as well as short range programs of action for less than five years. 2. Passenger transport: Regional passenger transportation, dealing with inter-city passenger transport by air, rail, and highway and possible with new modes. 3. Freight transport: Routing and management, choice of different modes of rail and truck. 4. International transport: Issues such as containerization, inter-modal co- ordination. 14  9/13/2020 MODES OF TRANSPORTATION Land Transportation Air transportation Water transportation Cable and belt systems LAND TRANSPORTATION Non-motorized mode of transport 15  9/13/2020 LAND TRANSPORTATION Motorized mode of transport Mode: Public Transportation Public transportation is a generic term used to describe the family of transit services available to urban and rural residents. Thus, it is not a single mode but a variety of traditional and innovative services, which should complement each other to provide system-wide mobility. 16  9/13/2020 Public transportation : Transit Mode Mass transit, characterized by fixed routes, published schedules, designated networks, and specified stops. Mass-transit vehicles include buses, light rail or rapid transit Paratransit is characterized by flexible and personalized service intended to replace conventional fixed-route, fixed-schedule mass-transit lines. Examples include taxi, car rental, dial-a-ride, and specialized services for elderly, medical, and other designated users. Ridesharing is characterized by two or more persons traveling together by prearrangement, such as carpool, vanpool, or shared-ride taxi. FORCES THAT CHANGE THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 1. Change in the demand: When the population, income, and land-use pattern changes, the pattern of demand changes; both in the amount and spatial distribution of that demand. 2. Changes in the technology: As an example, earlier, only two alternatives (bus transit and rail transit) were considered for urban transportation. But, now new systems like LRT, MRTS, etc offer a variety of alternatives. 3. Change in operational policy: Variety of policy options designed to improve the efficiency, such as incentive for car-pooling, bus fare, road tolls etc. 4. Change in values of the public: Earlier all beneficiaries of a system was monolithically considered as users. Now, not one system can be beneficial to all, instead one must identify the target groups like rich, poor, young, work trip, leisure etc. 17  9/13/2020 BASIC PREMISE OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM P1 The total transportation system must be viewed as a single multi-modal system. P2 Considerations of transportation system cannot be separated from considerations of social, economic, and political system of the region. BASIC PREMISE OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM This follows the following steps for the analysis of transportation system: S1 Consider all modes of transportation S2 Consider all elements of transportation like persons, goods, carriers (vehicles), paths in the network facilities in which vehicles are going, the terminal, etc. S3 Consider all movements of passengers and goods for every O-D pair. S4 Consider the total trip for every flows for every O-D over all modes and facilities. 18  9/13/2020 BASIC PREMISE OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (EXAMPLE) As an example, consider the study of intra-city passenger transport in metro cities. Consider all modes: i.e rail, road, buses, private automobiles, trucks, new modes like LRT, MRTS, etc. Consider all elements like direct and indirect links, vehicles that can operate, terminals, transfer points, intra-city transit like taxis, autos, urban transit. Consider diverse pattern of O-D of passenger and good. Consider service provided for access, egress, transfer points and mid-block travel etc. Once all these components are identified, the planner can focus on elements that are of real concern SEVEN CATEGORIES OF TRANSPORTATION ORGANIZATIONS Private companies Organizations of Transportation Regulatory agencies users Government agencies Local Government Units Trade associations Professional societies 19  9/13/2020 2.4 PHILIPPINE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ASSIGNMENT 20  9/13/2020 Philippine Transportation System What are the different modes of transportation in the Philippines? What are the different transportation organizations and their roles? Assignment/Activity Transportation Engineering as a Profession To illustrate the importance of transportation in our national life, identify a transportation-related article that appears in a local or national newspaper. Discuss the issue involved and explain why the item was newsworthy. Identify one significant transportation event that occurred in your city or state. Discuss the significance of this event. Describe your city/municipality’s transportation infrastructure. Include both passenger and freight transportation. 21  9/13/2020 Assignment/Activity Transportation as a System How would your typical day be changed without availability of your principal mode of transportation? Consider both personal transportation as well as goods and services that you rely on. What are the most central problems in your state concerning one of the following: (a) air transportation, (b) water transportation, (c) public transportation? An individual is planning to take an 800-mile trip between two large cities. Three possibilities exist: air, rail, or auto. The person is willing to pay $25 for every hour saved in making the trip. The trip by air costs $600 and travel time is 8 hours, by rail the cost is $450 and travel time is 16 hours, and by auto the cost is $200 and travel time is 20 hours. (a) Which mode is the best choice? (b) What factors other than cost might influence the decision regarding which mode to use? Assignment/Activity Transportation as a System List the seven categories of transportation organizations, and give one example of each. List three examples each for the four modes of transportation. What are the advantages of using public transportation? 22