PF1011 Pharmacy Practice I Pain & Analgesia Part 1 PDF

PF1011: Pharmacy Practice I Pain and Analgesia – Part 1 Dr. Harriet Bennett-Lenane [email protected] Lecture Layout Pain and Analgesia - Part 1 WWHAM Definitions Types of pain OTC analgesics Paracetamol Ibuprofen Aspirin Codeine Other oral in...

PF1011: Pharmacy Practice I Pain and Analgesia – Part 1 Dr. Harriet Bennett-Lenane [email protected] Lecture Layout Pain and Analgesia - Part 1 WWHAM Definitions Types of pain OTC analgesics Paracetamol Ibuprofen Aspirin Codeine Other oral ingredients Topical analgesia Alternative analgesic methods WWHAM Questioning Method Who is the patient? What are the symptoms? How long have the symptoms been present? Action taken? Medication being taken? Some Definitions Pain: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. (International Association for the Study of Pain) Analgesia: Medication that acts to relieve pain.  Types of Pain Chronic Somatic Acute Pain Idiopathic Visceral Breakthrough Neuropathic Paracetamol Indication Analgesic Not anti- Antipyretic inflammatory Mode of action Weak prostaglandin inhibitor Adult Dose (16+) 500mg to 1g up to four Max. 4g in 24h times daily (qds) Child Dose (10-15) 500mg up to four times Max. 2g in 24h daily Max. 3 days use Baby/Young Child See weight based dosing Product Dose (2 months +) chart information also has dosing by age Side-effects Not common Overdose Liver damage Can be fatal  Paracetamol Adult Formulations: Paediatric Formulations: Generic formulations available Paracetamol Supply Guidelines Sale restrictions in place: Non-pharmacy sale of paracetamol: 12 (or less) Pharmacies may sell paracetamol: 24 (*) Any customer requesting more than one pack of 24 paracetamol MUST be referred to the pharmacist: 50 can be supplied in total (or two packs of 48) Quantities greater than 50 may only be supplied on foot of a prescription  Paracetamol for Infants (Oral) Calpol 120mg/5ml Infant Oral Suspension www.hpra.ie SPC Calpol Infant Oral Suspension Paracetamol for Children (Oral) Calpol Six Plus 250mg/5ml Oral Suspension Paracetamol for Infants/Children (Rectal) Ibuprofen Indication Analgesic Anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Antipyretic Mode of action Non-selective cyclo- Reduces oxygenase (COX) 1 + 2 synthesis of inhibitor prostaglandins Adult Dose (12+) 200mg to 400mg up to three Max. 1.2g times daily (tds) (1200mg) in 24h Baby/Child Dose See weight based dosing Product (3 months +) chart information also has dosing by age Side-effects Abdominal pain, nausea, Uncommon dyspepsia Skin rashes (allergic) Overdose Causes nausea, vomiting, Not fatal epigastric pain in overdose.  Ibuprofen Adult Formulations: Child Formulations: Generic formulations available Ibuprofen Supply Guidelines Product is not subject to medical prescription, subject to the following conditions: Max. Dose 400mg Max. Daily dose 1200mg Max. Pack size: 50 (200mg), 25 (400mg)  Ibuprofen Ibuprofen in Children OTC not for use in children