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Personal Development KNOWING ONE SELF WHAT INFLUENCES HUMAN BEHAVIOR? Early Adolescent (10-14 yrs. Old) Herbert Kelman: Types of social influences “ What do I want?” Adolescents experience the beginn...

Personal Development KNOWING ONE SELF WHAT INFLUENCES HUMAN BEHAVIOR? Early Adolescent (10-14 yrs. Old) Herbert Kelman: Types of social influences “ What do I want?” Adolescents experience the beginning stages of puberty. Both TYPES OF SOCIAL INFLUENCES sexes experience significant physical and emotional change. COMPLIANCE: is when a person seems to agree and follows Middle Adolescence (15-17 yrs. old) what is requested or required of him or her to do or believe “Who I want to be with?” in, but does not necessarily have to really believe or agree Physical growth slows for females but continues for males. on it. Shifts in emotions and mood. “Self conscious” During this stage, adolescents begin to set long-term goals IDENTIFICATION: it is when a person is influenced by and become interested in the meaning of life and moral someone he or she like or looks up to, like a movie star, a reasoning. social celebrity or a superhero. Late Adolescence (18-24) INTERNALIZATION: is when a person is able to own a “What is my role?” certain belief or act, and is willing to make it known publicly In the late adolescence/young adulthood phase typically and privately. experience fewer physical developments and more cognitive developments. OTHER TYPES OF SOCIAL INFLUENCE Experience increased emotional stability and independence. Gain the ability to think about ideas rationally, plan for the CONFORMITY: a type of social influence that involves a future, and gain a firm sense of identity. change in behavior, belief, or thinking to be like others. it is the most common and pervasive form of social influence. HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW YOURSELF? CONVERSION: occurs when an individual whole heartedly change his or her original thinking and beliefs, actions and ARISTOTLE: KNOWING YOURSELF IS THE BEGINNING OF attitudes to align with and accept those of the other ALL WISDOM members of a group. SELF MINORITY INFLUENCE: happens when a bigger number of Self is the union of element namely; Body, thoughts people are influenced by a much smaller numbers of feelings or emotions the constitutes then individuality people to accept the minority’s way of looking at and doing and identity of the person things. SELF CONCEPT: REACTANCE: is a reverse reaction to some social influence Self-concept is how you perceive your behavior, abilities, that is being imposed by a person or group on another to and unique characteristics accept a certain belief, behavior or attitude. WHY IS KNOWING YOURSELF SO IMPORTANT? OBEDIENCE: is another form of social influence wherein a person follows what someone tells him or her to do 1. Decision Making although it may not necessarily reflect the persons set of 2. Appreciating Other People belief, or values. 3. Knowing our Weaknesses 4. Understand yourself PERSUASION: is used by one person or group to influence others to change their beliefs, actions, or attitudes by HOW TO GET TO KNOW YOURSELF IN 5 PROOF STEPS appealing to reason or emotion. Get to Know Your Personality Get to Know Your Core Values Get to Know Your Body Get to Know your Dreams Get to Know your Likes and Dislikes LEVIE CHASELYN LAZAGA  SOCIAL ROLES LEADERSHIP AND FELLOWSHIP In an article written by Saul McLeod entitled Social Roles in 2018, LEADERSHIP / PAMUMUNO there are various to influence behavior. Social roles are part of the Action of leading a group of people or an people play as a member of social group in the society. And with organization. each social roles the behavior changes to fit the expectations both Chester Barnard (1983) defined leadership as the the person and other who have that social role. ability of a person in person in position of authority to influence others to behave in such a manner that CATEGORIES OF SOCIAL ROLES IN SOCIOLOGY goals are achieve LEADER / PINUNO Cultural Roles Often typecast as someone who is the head of a Culture is one of the major attributes of society. People often group of people by virtue of having great strength engage with different aspects of culture. A person who is and wisdom or may have inherited a position of into the domain of culture has to fulfil the expectations on power even if strength and wisdom were not part of him/her. For example, a priest has to fulfil duties like his person’s virtues. performing rites and ceremonies SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION BASIC AXIOMS OF LEADERSHIP his refers to the changes in social roles with profession and by Rob Goffee and Gareth Jones (2006).. relations. Individuals practicing different professions, such as teaching, nursing and plumbing have different roles to 1. LEADERSHIP IS SITUATIONAL fulfill. This means that leader’s behavior and what is required of him will always be influenced by the SITUATION-SPECIFIC ROLES situation. People take up different roles, according to the situation. It means that a leader is able to assess a situation Sometimes, a person turns out to be a victim of an accident, quickly, adjust to it, and provide the appropriate and or an eye-witness due to unpredictable situations necessary action to address it for the benefit of his followers. BIO-SOCIOLOGICAL ROLES Power is also annexed to leadership as espoused Human beings in the environment have multiple by French and Raven (1960) who said that a leader responsibilities towards the conservation and preservation may obtain power through various means and of nature and its members. sources, such as position, giving rewards, expertise, respect, or coercion. GENDER ROLES We are expected to play roles according to the gender we 2. LEADERSHIP IS NOT-HIERARCHICAL belong to, like the roles of father, mother, woman etc. The exercise of leadership is not based on one’s position in an organizational chart alone, but also dependent on other factors such as characteristics, FAMILIES PROMOTE HEALTHY YOUTH DEVELOPMENT WHEN skills, and even connections. THEY: Provide support. 3. LEADERSHIP IS RELATIONAL Have positive family communication. Leaders and followers establish a relationship Involved in the adolescent’s school. Have clear rules and where their interests are mutually met. The role of a consequences and monitor their adolescent’s whereabouts. leader in this relationship can vary from being a Provide positive, responsible role models for other adults, visionary to cheerleader. adolescents, and Siblings. Spend time together with immediate people. SCHOOLS PROMOTE HEALTHY YOUTH DEVELOPMENT WHEN THEY: Expect commitment from youth. Have a caring school climate. Have clear rules and consequences. Provide positive, responsible adult role models; and Expect youth to do well. COMMUNITIES PROMOTE HEALTHY YOUTH DEVELOPMENT WHEN: Adults advocate for youth. Neighbors monitor youths’ behavior. Adults model positive, responsible, and healthy behavior. Youth model positive, responsible, and healthy behavior; and LEVIE CHASELYN LAZAGA Youth programs are available (Konopka Institute, 2000, pp. 3-4)  HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT “YOUR ATTITUDE IS LIKE A PRICE , IT SHOWS HOW Essentially means the development of intellectual, mental, VALUABLE YOU ARE….” physical, emotional, and social abilities in a child so that he or she is capable of facing the demands and challenges of EMOTION VS. FEELINGS everyday life. EMOTION: JAN SMUTS: HOLISM is the tendency in nature to form wholes specific reactions to certain events that are greater than the sum of the parts through creative include cognitive and physiological change evolution help prime our bodies to act in a certain way physical states ASPECT OF SELF automatic unconscious PHYSIOLOGICAL: The physical attributes included the five FEELINGS senses perceptions of sensation in the body caused by emotions COGNITIVE: Cognitive skills are the core skills your brain can be hidden uses to think, read, learn, remember, reason, and pay mental associations attention. not necessarily related to emotions (feeling cold, tired) 3R’s : Reading, wRiting, aRithmetic PSYCHOLOGICAL: Includes one’s way of thinking, feeling WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE OUR THOUGHTS? and behaving. MOST NEGATIVE FEELINGS AND BEHAVIORS ARE SOCIAL: The manner which an individual interacts with GENERATED BY NEGATIVE THOUGHTS others or group individuals. FEELINGS-THOUGHTS-ACTIONS SPIRITUAL: The attribute of a person’s beliefs , including the values and virtues that guide one’s life The way we think about something affects the way we feel about it. Our thoughts and feelings influence our behaviors, choices, and ultimately, outcomes.” Also FEELINGS, MOODS AND EMOTIONS DO NOT EXACTLY connected to our thoughts and feelings are behaviors. MEAN ONE AND THE SAME. Make it a habit to assess one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior. It will give you the opportunity to appraise the truth and validity of one’s beliefs, feelings, emotions and EMOTION actions. Emotion- (Latin verb- movare) means to move be upset or Remember we always have choice on how we will see be agitated, it is variation in level of arousal, affective things. state or mood, expressive movements or attitudes. FEELINGS Arises as the brain interprets an emotion which is usually HERBERT KELMAN caused by physical sensations experienced by the body Types of influences as a reaction to a certain stimuli. MOOD SAUL MCLEOD Entitled social roles in 2018 A conscious state of mind or predominant emotion Our mood is the way you are feeling at a particular time. If CHESTER BARNARD (1983) you are in a good mood, you feel cheerful. defined leadership as ability of a person ATTITUDE: Attitudes are the person’s thoughts, feelings, and ROB GOFFEE / GARETH JONES (2006) emotions about another person, object, idea, behavior, or Basic axioms of leadership situation. 3 Leadership It is the result of a person’s evaluation of an experience FREENCH. RAVEN (1960) with another person, object, idea, behavior, or situation. power also annexed to leadership BEHAVIOR A manifestation or acting out of the attitudes an individual JAN SMUTS has Holism ROBERT HAVIGHURST Developmental task theory Six stages ERIK ERIKSON !!! In understanding humans, it phychosocial development theory is important to see the person entirely not just his part LEVIE CHASELYN LAZAGA  HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Later Maturity over 60 years old Adjust to deteriorating health It focuses on human growth and changes across the lifespan, Adjust to retirement including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, Meet social and civil obligations personality and emotional growth. Adjust to loss of spouse PHSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEVELOMENTAL STAGES IN MIDDLE AND LATE ERIK ERIKSON (THEORY) ADOLESCENCE. INFANCY (0 - 1 ½ YEARS OLD) Throughout their lives, humans go through various stages of TRUST VS. MISTRUST development. Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection. ADOLESCENCE: Is the period of transition between childhood A lack of these will lead to mistrust. and adulthood. Children who are entering adolescence are going through many changes (physical, intellectual, personality TODDLER (1 ½ - 3 YEARS OLD) and social developmental) AUTONOMY VS. SHAME & DOUBT Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical EARLY: Rapid pubertal changes skills and sense of independence. Success leads to feeling MIDDLE: puberty nearly complete autonomy, LATE: achieve adult appearance and assume adult roles. failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. HAVIGHURST DEVELOMENTAL TASK THEORY PRESCHOOL (3 - 5 YEARS OLD) INITIATIVE VS. GUILT Children need to begin asserting control and power over The main assertion of the Havighurst developmental tasks environment. Success in this state sense of purpose theory is that development is continuous throughout a Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, person’s entire lifespan, occurring in stages. resulting in sense of guilt A person moves from one stage to the next by means of successful resolution of problems or performance of certain SCHOOL AGE (5 - 12 YEARS OLD) developmental tasks. INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY Robert Havighurst emphasized that learning is basic and Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. that it continues throughout life span. Growth and Success leads to a sense of competence, Development occurs in six stages. while failure results in feeling of inferiority. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OCCURS IN SIX STAGES. ADOLESCENCE (12 - 18 YEARS OLD) IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION Infancy and Early Childhood 0-5 years old Teens need to develop as sense of self and personal identity. Learning to walk. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, Learning to take solid foods while failure leads to role confusion and weak sense of self. Learning to talk Exploration is a common activity among adolescent as they Learning to control the elimination of body wastes. search for their identity. Learning sex differences and sexual modesty. Socializing among male and female adolescents also occur in Forming concepts and learning language to describe this phase. social and physical reality. Beliefs about morality, religion, and politics are also starting to Getting ready to read. evolve. Middle Childhood 6-12 years old YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 - 40 YEARS OLD) Learn school-related skills such as reading INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION Learn about conscience and values Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationship with other Learn to be independent people. Success leads to strong relationships, Learn to ÿorm relationships with others while failures results in loneliness and isolation. Adolescence 13-17 years old MIDDLE AGE (40 - 65 YEARS OLD) Establish emotional independence GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION Learn skills needed for productive occupation Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often Achieve Gender-based social role by having a children or making positive change that benefit other Establish mature relationships with peers people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness, while failure results in shallow involvement in the word. Early Adulthood 18-29 years old Choose a live partner OLDER ADULTHOOD (65+ YEARS OLD) Establish a family INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR Take care of a home Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of Establish a career fulfillment. Success at this state leads to a feeling of wisdom, while failures in regret, bitterness and despair Middle Age 30-60 years old VIRTUES Maintain a standard of living HOPE FIDELITY Perform civic and social responsibilities WILL LOVE Maintain a relationship with spouse PURPOSE CARE LEVIE CHASELYN LAZAGA Adjust to physiological changes COMPETENCY WISDOM