PE Notes PDF

Physical activity -- any movement of the body produced by skeletal muscles, resulting in energy expenditure. Physical inactivity -- refers to lack of involvement in physical activity during an individual's leisure time. Sedentary behaviour -- behaviour associated with sitting or lying down, includ...

Physical activity -- any movement of the body produced by skeletal muscles, resulting in energy expenditure. Physical inactivity -- refers to lack of involvement in physical activity during an individual's leisure time. Sedentary behaviour -- behaviour associated with sitting or lying down, including activities such as watching television, working or playing on the computer, driving or sitting in a car, bus or train. It also includes homework, studying or reading. Domains of Physical activity -- The different types of physical activity - Occupational -- builder, bricklayer, sports coach - Household chores -- gardening, vacuuming, sweeping - Active transportation -- riding a bike, walking, running - Leisure activities -- lifting weights, sports, training Forms of leisure - Play -- activities engaged in for enjoyment and recreation rather than a serious or practical purpose. Not structured at all. Hopscotch, monkey bars, slide, swing, skipping. Age 2-10 - Games -- Activities that one engages in for amusement. Rules can be decided on by the participants. 4 square, tag, jack in the pack, one touch, 40 40 home. Age 6-15 - Recreational activities -- leisure activities. Leisure is discretionary time, which is time outside of work and study commitments. Golf, pickleball, bowling, laser tag, lawn bowls. Age 15-65+ - Sport -- Activities involving physical exertion and skill, in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment. Basketball, footy, soccer, hockey, volleyball. Age 8-65+ - Exercise -- Activities requiring physical effort, carried out to sustains or improve health and fitness. Walking, running, riding, sprinting, weight lifting. 15-65 Video task When did you see play/ games occurring? There were games occurring in the first video, with people playing down ball or 4 square, kick to kick and some basketball. There were play in all of the videos Who was the most active? Age? Gender? Boys aged 12-16 were the most active in the first video. Did you observe any sedentary behaviour? By whom? Where? Year 10 girls sitting at the steps by the pavilion in the first video. Conclusions -- Boys were more active than girls Sedentary behaviour from secondary school students More balanced between boys and girls Enabler -- something or someone that makes it possible for a particular activity to occur Barrier -- something or someone that prevents progress or makes it difficult for someone to achieve something +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Enabler | Barrier | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Individual factors -- | Good physical health | Disability | | | | | | Ability | Very wealthy | Poor | | | | | | Financial | Being a young adult | Too old or too young | | | | | | Age | Males participate | Females participate | | | more | less | | Gender | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Social factors -- | Parents encouraging | Parents not allowing | | | sport | sport | | Parents | | | | | Playing sport with | Friends discourage | | Friends | friends | sport | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Cultural factors -- | | | | | | | | Country | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Environmental factors | High access to | No access to sporting | | -- | sporting equipment | equipment | | | | | | Access to sporting | Living in the | Living in the country | | equipment | suburban area | | | | | | | Where you live | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Name  | Explanation | Subjective/ | Advantages  | Disadvantag | | |   | | | es  | | | | Objective  | | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | Diaries  | Record | Subjective  | Low cost  | Can become | | | information | | | a burden to | | | about | |   | the writer | | | physical | | | if the | | | activity | | Information | entries | | | completed | | can be | become too | | | in a diary. | | recorded | frequent.   | | | Information | | whenever it | | | | can be | | is | Respondents | | | recorded | | desired.  | become | | | whenever it | | | reactive to | | | is desired | |   | the | | | however | | | presence of | | | consistent | | Easily | the | | | entries are | | accessible | assessment | | | recommended | |   | tool and | | |.   | | | temporarily | | | | | | increase | | | | | | their | | | | | | physical | | | | | | activity | | | | | | levels to | | | | | | make their | | | | | | results | | | | | | look more | | | | | | impressive. | | | | | | | | | | | | Diaries are | | | | | | prone to | | | | | | social | | | | | | desirabilit | | | | | | y | | | | | | bias.  | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ |  Recall |  Recall |  Subjective |  Cost |  Lower | | survey and | surveys are | | effective | accuracy of | | proxy | a survey of | | | data | | report | what the | | Can be done | | | | subject has | | to large | | | | previously | | quantities | | | | done. A | | | | | | proxy | | Easy to | | | | report is | | administer | | | | done on | | | | | | behalf of | | | | | | someone | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ |  Direct |  Direct |  Slightly |  Higher |  Difficult | | observation | observation | more | accuracy | for large | | s | s | objective | | groups | | | of a | due to it | | | | | subjects | being done | | | | | activity | by an | | | | | done by an | expert | | | | | expert. | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ |  Pedometer |  Small |  Objective |  Accurate |  Can be | | | device that | | | cheated | | | clips onto | | | | | | someones | | | Expensive | | | clothing | | | | | | that counts | | | Cant | | | steps | | | measure | | | | | | upper body | | | | | | movement | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ |  GPS |  Global |  Objective |  Shows your |  Privacy | | | navigation | | location | concerns | | | satellite | | | | | | system that | | Tracks | Expensive | | | tracks | | distance | | | | locations | | | | | | and gives | | | | | | directions | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Borg Scale | Scale of | Subjective | Honest | Influenced | | perceived | 6-20 where | | judgement | by social | | exertion | a bigger | | made by the | desirabilit | | | number | | individual | y | | | means | | about the | bias | | | greater | | intensity | | | | intensity | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Metabolic | Energy used | Objective | Very | Doesn't | | equivalent | resting or | | accurate | account for | | rate | sitting | | | personal | | | still is 1. | | Easy to | factors | | | An activity | | compare | like age | | | with an MET | | different | fitness and | | | of 4 uses | | activities | body type | | | 4x the | | | | | | amount of | | Simple to | | | | energy as | | undertsnad | | | | you would | | | | | | use while | | | | | | resting | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Talk Test | Based | Subjective | Easy to use | Only | | | around the | | and | considers | | | idea that | | accessible | moderate | | | during | | to everyone | and | | | moderate | | | vigorous | | | intensity | | Don't need | | | | you can | | knowledge | Inaccurate | | | talk but | | or | | | | not sing, | | equipment | | | | and in | | | | | | vigorous | | | | | | intensity | | | | | | you can | | | | | | only manage | | | | | | a few words | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Intensity | Perceived | \% max | Talk Test | | | | exertion | | | | | | | Heart rate | | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | Sedentary | \